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SQL DDL and DML: David M. Kroenke'S Database Processing, 10Th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 7-1

The document discusses SQL data definition and manipulation language statements including CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and different constraint types like primary key, unique, null, foreign key and check. It also covers creating relationships between tables and altering table structure.

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Jonatan Martínez
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87 views11 pages

SQL DDL and DML: David M. Kroenke'S Database Processing, 10Th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 7-1

The document discusses SQL data definition and manipulation language statements including CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and different constraint types like primary key, unique, null, foreign key and check. It also covers creating relationships between tables and altering table structure.

Uploaded by

Jonatan Martínez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SQL DDL and DML

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-1


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
Constraints
• Constraints can be defined within the CREATE
TABLE statement, or they can be added to the
table after it is created using the ALTER table
statement
• Five types of constraints:
– PRIMARY KEY may not have null values
– UNIQUE may have null values
– NULL/NOT NULL
– FOREIGN KEY
– CHECK

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-2


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
Creating Relationships

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-3


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
SQL for Constraints

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-4


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
ALTER Statement
• ALTER statement changes table structure,
properties, or constraints after it has been
created
• Example:
ALTER TABLE ASSIGNMENT
ADD CONSTRAINT EmployeeFK FOREIGN KEY (EmployeeNum)
REFERENCES EMPLOYEE (EmployeeNumber)
ON UPDATE CASCADE
ON DELETE NO ACTION;

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-5


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
Adding and Dropping Columns
• The following statement will add a column
named MyColumn to the CUSTOMER
table:
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER ADD MyColumn Char(5) NULL;

• You can drop an existing column with the


statement:
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER DROP COLUMN MyColumn;

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-6


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
Adding and Dropping Constraints
• ALTER can be used to add a constraint as
follows:
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER ADD CONSTRAINT MyConstraint CHECK
([Name] NOT IN ('Robert No Pay'));

• ALTER can be used to drop a constraint:


ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER DROP CONSTRAINT MyConstraint;

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-7


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
Removing Tables
• SQL DROP TABLE:
DROP TABLE [TRANSACTION];

• If there are constraints:


ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER_ARTIST_INT
DROP CONSTRAINT Customer_Artist_Int_CustomerFK;
ALTER TABLE [TRANSACTION]
DROP CONSTRAINT TransactionCustomerFK;
DROP TABLE CUSTOMER;

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-8


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
SQL DML - INSERT
• INSERT command:
INSERT INTO ARTIST ([Name], Nationality, Birthdate,
DeceasedDate)
VALUES ('Tamayo', 'Mexican', 1927, 1998);

• Bulk INSERT:
INSERT INTO ARTIST ([Name], Nationality, Birthdate)
SELECT [Name], Nationality, Birthdate
FROM IMPORTED_ARTIST;

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-9


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
SQL DML: UPDATE
• UPDATE command:
UPDATE CUSTOMER
SET City = 'New York City'
WHERE CustomerID = 1000;

• Bulk UPDATE:
UPDATE CUSTOMER
SET AreaCode = '333'
WHERE City = 'Denver';

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-10


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
SQL DML: DELETE
• DELETE command:
DELETE FROM CUSTOMER
WHERE CustomerID = 1000;

• If you omit the WHERE clause, you will


delete every row in the table!

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition 7-11


© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall

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