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Inverse of A Matrix

The document discusses determining the inverse of a matrix, beginning with calculating the determinant of a 2x2 matrix. It then explains that to find the inverse, you take the adjoint of the matrix and divide it by the determinant. Several examples are provided of calculating the inverse of different 2x2 matrices step-by-step. The document aims to explain how to calculate the inverse of a matrix, which is necessary for solving systems of equations.

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Brandeice Barrett
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1K views26 pages

Inverse of A Matrix

The document discusses determining the inverse of a matrix, beginning with calculating the determinant of a 2x2 matrix. It then explains that to find the inverse, you take the adjoint of the matrix and divide it by the determinant. Several examples are provided of calculating the inverse of different 2x2 matrices step-by-step. The document aims to explain how to calculate the inverse of a matrix, which is necessary for solving systems of equations.

Uploaded by

Brandeice Barrett
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inverse of a

Matrix
Objectives

• Determinant of a Matrix
• Singular matrix
• Adjoint of a Matrix
• Inverse of a Matrix
Determinants
Definition
Finding a 2 x 2 determinant:

a b
= ad - bc
c d
Find the determinant:
5 7
1.
11 8  58  711  40  77
40  77  37
3 2
2.
1 5
 35  21  15  2
15  2  17
10 2
3.  10(-3) - (-2)(0)
0 3
 -30 + 0 = -30
Determinants

4. Find the determinant 7 8 


G 
of the matrix.
6 7

7 8
 7(7)  6(8)  49  48  1
6 7
Determinants

5. Find the determinant of the matrix.


1 1  If the determinant
H  
 2 2  of a matrix = 0, the
matrix does not
have an inverse.
1 1
 1( 2)  2(1)  0 Matrix H is
2 2 invertible.
Example 6
Example 7
Class Activity 1
Adjoint of a
Matrix
Adjoint of a Matrix

The adjoint of matrix A is often written adj A or Aadjoint

a b  d -b
X    Then X adjoint   
c d - c a
Adjoint of a Matrix

 d  b is called the adjoint of the


  c a  original matrix. Notice it is
 
found by switching the entries on the
main diagonal and changing the signs of
the entries on the other diagonal.
Examples
Examples
Inverse of a Matrix
a b 
Finding the Inverse of a 2x2 matrix c d 
 
Step-1 First find what is called the Determinant
This is calculated as ad-bc
d b
Step-2 Then swap the elements in the leading diagonal c a 
 

Step-3 Then negate the other elements - Adjoint d  b


 c a 
 

Step-4 Then multiply the Adjoint by 1/determinant

1 d  b 
inverse matrix
ad  cb  c a 
19
Find the inverses
 2 6 11  5  6   1.25  1.5 
A    A      
1 5 4   1 2    0.25 0.5 

  5 20  1  2  20   0.2  2 
1
B    B      
 1 2  10  1  5   0.1  0.5 

2 2  1   1  2   0.5 1 
C    1
C      
 0  1 2 0 2   0  1

20
More inverses
 2 4 1  3  4   1.5  2 
1
A    A      
 1 3 2   1 2    0.5 1 

 5 10  1  2  10   0.1  0.5 
B    1
B      
 1 2  20  1 5   0. 05 0. 25 
 3 2 1  1  2  1 2 
C    C 1      
2 1  1   2 3   2  3

 8 2 1  0  2   0  1
1
D    D      
 1 0  2  1 8   0.5 4 

 2  8 E 1 cannot be found as det  2  4  (1 8)  8  8  0


E   
  1 4 
1  1 0   1 0 
F1      self inverting
 1 0  1  0  1  0  1
F   
 0  1
21
Activity: What’s your findings?
The multiplicative inverse of a matrix
 This can only be done with SQUARE matrices
 Again, we will only do this for a 2x2 matrix

 4 8  0.75  2 
Ex A =   then A-1 =  
 1 3   0.25 1 

AxA-1 =
 4 8  0.75  2   3  2  8  8 1 0
        
 1 3   0.25 1   0.75  0.75  2  3   0 1 

23
 4 8
Example Find Inverse of A A   
 1 3
Step 1 – Calc Determinant
Determinant (ad-cb) = 4x3-8x1 = 4
3 8
step2  
Step 2 – Swap Elements on leading diagonal  1 4 
 3 8
step3  
Step 3 – negate the other elements  1 4

1  3 8
step4  
Step 4 – multiply by 1/determinant 4  1 4

check (not needed)


1 0.75  2  4 8  0.75  2
A   AA
1
   0.25 1 
  0.25 1  1 3   
3  2  8  8 1 0
 0.75  0.75   0 1
 23   
24
Applications of matrices
 Because matrices are clever storage systems for
numbers there are a large and diverse number of
ways we can apply them.

 Matrices are used in to solve equations on


computers
- solving equations

 They are used in computer games and multi-media


devices to move and change objects in space
- transformation geometry

 We only consider solving equations on Maths1 with


using 2x2 matrices

25
Class Activity 2

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