Californea Bearing Ratio test
(CBR)
Name: Zagros Othman Ali
Geotechnical Engineering
Date : 20/11/2019
Email:
[email protected] 1
Content
Introduction
Factor effecting
Advantages and disadvantages
Literature review
Preparation of test
Procedure of the test
Calculation
References
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Introduction
The test is an empirical test which gives
an indication of the shear strength of a
soil. The great value of this test is that it
is comparatively easy to perform and
because of its wide use throughout the
world, there is a amount of data to assist
with the interpretation of results
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Factor effecting of the CBR
CBR value decreases with the increase in the
plasticity index and optimum moisture content of
soil
CBR increases with the increase in the maximum dry
density. (Talukdar, 2014)
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ifthe laboratory test for CBR is not available or it need
CBR value at the earliest time , it can use this
parameter (LL,PL,PI,MDD,OMC ) which correlate to the
CBR. (Talukdar, 2014)
CBR (soaked) = 0.127(LL) + 0.00 (PL) – 0.1598(PI)
+1.405(MDD) -0.259(OMC) + 4.618
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Advantages
Wide acceptance as a measure of strength
Many Pavement design and analysis procedures are based
on CBR value
Soaked condition can be measured
Disadvantages:
Laborious
Limitation on maximum aggregate size
Needs annual calibration (Feleke & Araya, 2016)
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Literature review
Heukelom and Klomp (1962) studied the correlation
of CBR with E and proposed on empirical relationship
as
E = 1500 CBR (Psi)
Moreover, Powell et. al (1984) proposed a
correlation of the CBR with E as,
E = 17.6 (MPa)
NAASRA (1950) has been divided into two parts.
For CBR less than 5, E = 16.2 (MPa)
for CBR more than 5, E = 22.4 (MPa) 7
Literature review
Furthermore, putri and et al. (2012) developed the
correlation between E and CBR by poisson’s ratio by utilizing
the figure , which from modulus of elasticity it can be
determine modulus of subgrade reaction (Ks). (Putri, Rao, &
Mannan, 2012)
E = 863.82 CBR (kPa) , V=0
E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.3
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E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.4
Ks = 1.13 *
Literature review
The AASHTO design guide suggests that the resilient modulus of fine-grained
soils can be estimated as (Heukelom and Klomp 1962):
Mr (psi) = 1,500 CBR (1)
In addition, there are various other relationships that are used around the
world: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Green and Hall 1975) Mr (psi) = 5,409
CBR0.71 (2)
South African Council on Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Mr (psi) =
3,000 CBR0.65 (3)
Transportation and Road Research Laboratory (TRRL) Mr (psi) = 2,555
CBR0.64
It can take altimate bearing capacity from CBR by this equation CBR =
qu*/100 (Black, 1961)
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Preparation of test
. Preparation of remoulded samples for the CBR test
can be made in several ways. However, commonly
used methods are described here:
(1) Static compression
(2) Dynamic compaction by
(a) using 2.5 or 4.5 kg rammer and
(b) using vibrating hummer
Maximum grian size should be pass ¾ in if retained
more than 25% , it should be repeated.
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apparatus
Load machine capacity at least 5000 kg with
pluger of 50 mm dia at rate 1.25mm/min
Cylindrical mould: inner dia=150mm, h=175,
base plate=235mm, t=10 mm
Extension Collar of 60mm height
Spacer Disc
Weights
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Procedure of test
Place the mould assembly with test specimen on the lower
plate of penetration testing machine.
Seat the penetration piston at the center of the specimen
with the smallest possible load
Set the load and deformation gauges to read zero.the
penetration rate is about 1.25 mm/min.
. Record the load readings at penetrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5,
2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 mm.
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calculation
Penetration plunger(mm) Standard load(kg)
2.5 1370
5 2055
C.B.R. = (PT/PS) X 100
Where
PT = Corrected test load corresponding to the chosen penetration from the load penetration
curve
PS = Standard load for the same penetration taken from the table above
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Calculation
Example / from taking the data in the laboratory test by utilizing California bearing ratio
test
Determine ;
1) (CBR) at penetrating depth (2.5mm) if penetrating load =68.5 kg ?
2) calculate modulus of elasticity (E) ? if poisson ratio (V = 0 and 0.3 and 0.4) by putry
and et. (2012)
3) ratio of pressure imposed to the settlement on the soil (modulus of subgrade
reaction)(Ks) at each poisson ratio?
4) Estimate resilient modulus (Mr) and undrained shear strength (Su)
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Calculation
Solution /
1) CBR = X 100
CBR = X 100
CBR = 5 % at depth 2.5 mm
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Calculation
2 ) E = 863.82 CBR (kPa) , V = 0
E = 863.82 * 5 = 4319.1 Kpa
E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.3
E = 840.53 * 5 = 4202.65 Kpa
E = 751 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.4
E = 751 * 5 = 3755 Kpa
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calculation
3) Ks = 1.13 * , V=0
= = 1962.5 = 19.625 = area of flunger
Ks = 1.13 *
Ks= 1101.7 Kpa
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Calculation
Ks =
1.13 * , V = 0.3
Ks = 1.13 *
Ks= 1210.66 Kpa
if V = 0.4
Ks = 1.13 *
Ks= 1311.6 Kpa
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calculation
4)
M
r = 1500 CBR (psi)
Mr = 1500 * 5
Mr = 7500 psi = 51.71 Mpa
CBR = 0.62 Su (Psi)
Su =
Su =
Su = 8.06 psi = 55.571 Kpa (Sukumaran & Kyatham, 2004)
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References
Talukdar, D. K. (2014). A Study of Correlation Between California Bearing Ratio ( CBR )
Value With Other Properties of Soil. 4(1), 559–562.
Feleke, G. G., & Araya, A. A. (2016). PREDICTION OF CBR USING DCP FOR LOCAL SUBGRADE
MATERIALS. International Conference on Transport and Road Research
Putri, E. E., Rao, N. S. V. K., & Mannan, M. A. (2012). Evaluation of Modulus of Elasticity
and Modulus of Subgrade Reaction of Soils Using CBR Test. 2(1), 34–40.
Sukumaran, B., & Kyatham, V. (2004). SUITABILITY OF USING CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO
TEST TO PREDICT RESILIENT MODULUS By. 1–9.
Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Communications Roads and Highways Department.
(2001). standard test procedure (pp. 5.1 - 5.4). Ministry of Communications Roads and
Highways Department.
Black, W. P. M. (1961). THE CALCULATIONOFLABORATORYANDIN-SITUVALUESOF. 14–21.
http://www.iricen.gov.in/LAB/res/pdf/test-07.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCmMW73rP64&t=81s
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