STUDY OF 132/33KV HGIS PEDAWALTAIR SUBSTATION

By
CH.Gowtham
Reg. No. 18131D5305
III Sem. M.Tech (PSCA)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (AUTONOMOUS)
VISAKHAPATNAM - 530048.
30-10-2019 2019-2020 1
 DEFINITION OF SUBSTATION:

 The electrical substation is the part of power system in which the voltage is

transformed from high to low or low to high for transmission, transmission,

distribution and transformation.

The power transformers, Instrument transformers, Circuit Breaker, Lightning arrester,

bus bar are the main components of an electric substation.

TYPES OF SUBSTATION:

1.According to the service requirement:

Transformer Substation

Switch Substation

Power factor correction Substation

  Frequency change Substation
 Converting Substation

According to constructional Features:

1. Indoor Substation
2. Outdoor Substation
3. Underground Substation
4. Pole mounted Substation
According to type of control:
1. Manual
2. Automatic
3. Supervisory or Remote

Based on nature of dielectric medium a substation is of two types as following:

1. AIS (Air Insulated sub-station)
2. GIS( Gas Insulated sub-station)
 INTRODUCTION TO GAS INSULATED SUBSTATION


Conventional substations requires, small installation size, protection against atmospheric pollution and

moisture, noiseless operation, non explosive and flame resistant, reduced maintenance, and totally enclosed

substations using SF6 gas insulation that are also known as GIS is now in widespread use in electrical power

industry.

A gas insulated substation (GIS) is a substation that uses a superior dielectric gas, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6),

high voltage.

Types of Gas Insulated Substations:

1. Isolated phase module

2. Three-Phase common modules

3. Hybrid module

4. Compact modules

5. Highly Integrated Systems

 INTRODUCTION TO HYBRID MODULE

• It is the combination of isolated phase and three phase common elements is

used to achieve an optimal solution. Hybrid GIS technology has gained
popularity , specially in the medium and low voltage range.
The term module refers to the fact that the equipment itself is a combination of
different standard substation components in a single assembly.
An hybrid module can incorporate:

1. Circuit breaker

2. Isolator

3. Gas insulated voltage transformers

4. Current Transformers
132/33KV HGIS Peda Waltair Sub-Station
DESCRIPTION:
At 132KV SIDE:
The Pedawaltair sub-station presently consists of two132KV incoming
feeders from Dairy farm. The circuit 1 and 2 are hybrid PTR’s combination of
line VT, CT, CB, isolator , Fast earthing switches (FES), bus side disconnector
earth switch(DES-1), line side disconnector earth switch(DES-2)connected to
132KV bus bar and PT.
At 33KV Side:
The LV of the two PTRs is connected to two LV breakers. The LV of the
PTRs charges at 33KV bus bar. There are two 33Kv outgoing feeders to
SCADA control station. There is a 33KV/400V station transformer connected
to the 33KV current transformers, potential transformers, bus couplers and
isolators.
 SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT

1. Isolators

2. Bus bars
3. Transformers
Current transformer
Potential Transformer
Station Transformer
4. Circuit Breakers
5. Lightning Arrester
6.
Isolator:

The use of the is to protect the transformer and the other instrument in the
line. The isolator isolates the extra voltage to the ground and thus any extra
voltage cannot enter the line. Thus an isolator is used after the bus also for
protection.
 While carrying injection or repair in a sub-station installation it is essential
to disconnect reliably the unit or the section on which the work is to be done
from all other live parts on the installation in order to ensure complete safety of
the working staff.
 To guard against mistakes it is desirable that this should be done by an
apparatus which makes a visible break in the circuit. Such an apparatus is
called an isolator. It may be defined as a device used to open or close either
when negligible current is interrupted or established.
 The type of isolators employed at 132KV PEDA WALTAIR sub-station is
post type isolators.
 An isolator should always be operated at no-load condition only. For this
purpose, it will have an interlock with the circuit breaker above 220KV voltage
levels.
Transformers:
Transformer is a vital role in power system which has made possible the
power generated at low voltages to be stepped upto extra high voltages for
transmission over long distances. This is then transformed to low voltages for
utilization at proper load centres. It is said to be the simplest equipment with
no moving parts.
A transformer is a static device by means of electric power in one circuit
is transformed into electric power in another circuit with the same frequency.
It can step-up or step-down the voltages in a circuit but with a corresponding
decrease or increase in current.
 
 
Current Transformer:
Measurement of alternating currents is one of the most frequent
operations not only because of its inherent interest but also because it is
determining other parameters of electrical circuits. A sample of the current is
required for
Indicating and graphing ammeters
KWH and KW meters
Tele-metering
Protective relays
A current transformer is intended to operate normally with the rated
current of the network flowing through the primary winding which
is inserted in series in the network. The secondary winding of CT is
connected to measuring instruments and relays to supply a current
which is proportional to and in phase with the current circulating in
the primary except for the difference due to current error and phase
displacement inherent in the design of CT. the number of cores in
the secondary winding of a CT depends on the voltage level.
KV