Project Seminar On

“STRENGTH AND ANALYSIS OF SISAL FIBRE IN CONCRETE”

Under the Guidance of, Presented by,

 CONTENTS
Objective of the study
Introduction
Literature Review
Sisal Fibre
Properties of Sisal Fibre
Application of Sisal Fibre
Result of Tests Conducted
Conclusions
References
 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To study the mechanical properties such as compressive strength
and split tensile strength of conventional concrete and fibre
reinforced concrete by introducing 0.5%,1% and 1.5% sisal fibre.

To determine effect of different proportion of Sisal fibre in the mix.

To determine the strength of cubes and cylinders at 7 and 28 days

and comparing with conventional concrete.

To determine the percentage variation in strength in cubes and

cylinders at 7days and 28 days.

Comparison of mechanical properties results of sisal fibre concrete

with respect to Basalt fibre concrete.
 INTRODUCTION
 Concrete is one of the most common materials used in the construction
industry. There is always a search for concrete with higher strength and
durability.

 Conventional concrete possesses a very low tensile strength, limited

ductility, little resistance to cracking and it doesn’t meet many functional
requirements such as impermeability, resistance to frost adequately.

 To Overcome this defects different types of fibres are added to the concrete
to enhance the strength to the concrete. Fibres act as crack arrestors in
concrete. The different types of fibres used in concrete are steel fibres,
basalt fibres, Sisal fibres,glass fibres ,polypropylene fibres.

 Among all specified natural fibres, sisal, which is the agave plant, is
considered to be most suitable natural fibre compared to other natural
vegetable origin fibres (jute, flax, wood etc.) due to the availability at low
cost with no health risk, renewability, being with high elastic modulus and
strength with low density as well low density, high strength and elastic
modulus.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
“EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF SISAL
FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE” - K.T. RADHA SUMITHRA1, ABS
DADAPHEER2

• In this project the naturally available fibres named sisal fibre is taken as a substitute
material to the reinforcement and study the properties.

• The results show that the composites reinforced with sisal fibres are reliable
materials to be used in practice for the production of structural elements to be used
in rural and civil construction.

• When the percentage of fibre is increased by more than 1% reduction in mechanical

properties is observed.

• The addition of the fibre in small amounts will increase the tensile strength.
Addition of fibres not only increases tensile strength but also increases bond
strength, but decreases permeability
 “MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED
CEMENT COMPOSITES”- M Aruna

• An experimental investigation of mechanical behaviour of sisal fibre

reinforced concrete is reported for making a suitable building material in
terms of reinforcement.

• In this work, properties such as hardness and tensile strength of sisal fibre
reinforced cement composites with 6, 12, 18 and 24% by weight of sisal
fibres were assessed.

• The high energy absorption capacity of the developed composite system

was reflected in high toughness values under tension respectively.
“SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE” –Venkateshwaran1.S, Kalaiyarrasi2.
A. R. R

 In this investigation an effort was made to study the effect of natural sisal
fiber in concrete by replacing cement partially.

 The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile

strength and flexural strength of fiber reinforced concrete, with
0.5%,1%,1.5% of fiber replacing cement by volume fraction with the aspect
ratio of the sisal fiber as 1:20 is compared with conventional M25 concrete.

 Compressive strength at 28 days increased by 13.8%, 21%, 16.3% for the

0.5%,1% and 1.5% fiber replacements respectively compared to
conventional concrete.

 The increase in split tensile strength at 28 days is 24%, 56%, 80% for the
0.5%,1% and 1.5% fiber replacements respectively compared to
conventional concrete.
 SISAL FIBRE
• Sisal fibre is one of the most widely used natural fibres and is
easily cultivated .Sisal is a hard fibre extracted from the leaves
of the sisal plant (Agave sisalana).

Sisal fibre Sisal Plant (Agave sisalana)

 Sisal is fully biodegradable and highly renewable resource of energy. The
material is chosen to improve the various strength properties of the
structure to obtain sustainability and better quality structure.

 There are three types of fibres in sisal, arch fibres, conducting fibres and
structural fibres.

 Out of which structural fibres are mostly adopted because of its durability
as they do not split during extraction process.

 These fibres have a good tension resistance or tensile. They are very well
resistant against heat.

 Sisal fibre of diameter 0.6mm and length 4.5cm is used in this experiment.
 PROPERTIES OF SISAL FIBRE:

 
Sisal fiber is exceptionally durable with a low maintenance with
minimal wear and tear.

It is recyclable.

Sisal fibers are Anti static, does not attract or trap dust particles
and do not absorb moisture or water easily.

It exhibits a good sound and impact absorbing properties.

It is available as plaid, herringbone and twill.

 
 APPLICATIONS OF SISAL FIBRE:

 It is also used as cement reinforcement.

 In developing countries, sisal fibres are used as reinforcement in houses.

 Sisal is also used in housing schemes. Sisal house is panelised system for
building emergency shelters. It uses pre-made panels that are connected to
form a shed like structure. These are used as emergency shelters and later can
be disassembled and reused or converted into permanent houses.

 Sisal-based bricks, roofing tiles, insulation material and fibreboard.

 It is also used in tubes, bars ,pipes fittings, internal heat and sound
insulation of floors, walls, frame walls, boiler shells, tanks, chimneys, fire
protection structures, etc due to its strong applications in construction
materials.
 
 METHODOLOGY
PROCUREMENT OF RAW MATERIAL
1.Cement 2.Fine Aggregate 3.Coarse Aggregate 4.Sisal Fibre

Testing of Raw Materials

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEMENT FINE COARSE
AGGREGATE AGGREAGATE
Specific Gravity,
STD Sieve Analysis, Sieve Analysis, SISAL FIBRE
Consistency, Specific Specific Gravity,
Initial Setting Gravity, Water Water
Time Absorption Absorption

CONCRETE MIX DESIGN BY IS: 10262-2009

CRUSHING,GRADING AND PREPARATION OF CONCRETE MIX ,

ADDITION OF (0.5%,1%,&1.5%) SISAL FIBRE
Continued

PREPARATION OF CUBES

TEST ON HARDENED CONCRETE

COMPRESSIVE
SPLIT TENSILE TEST
STRENGTH TEST

RESULT
 PRELIMINARY TESTS CONDUCTED ON MATERIALS
TESTS ON CEMENT
 1.SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF CEMENT

OBSERVATIONS FOR SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1 W1 = 24 g
Mass of empty bottle

2 W2 =68g
Mass of bottle + Water

3 W3 =66g
Mass of bottle + kerosene

4 W4 =80g
Mass of bottle
+cement + kerosene
5 W5 = 20g
Mass of cement
6 =
Specific gravity of cement
3.18
2.NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT

 The normal consistency of cement is 29% for 400g of cement.

3.INITIAL SETTING TIME

For Ordinary Portland Cement, The initial Setting Time is 30

minutes.
 TEST ON FINE AGGREGATES

SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AGGREGATE :

 Fineness modulus of given sample of fine aggregate is 3.892

 According to the given sample of fine aggregate is belong to Grading Zones
II.

TESTS ON COARSE AGGREGATES

SIEVE ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATES :

 Fineness modulus of given sample of coarse aggregate is 1.958
 According to the given sample of coarse aggregate is of 10mm nominal
size.
 TESTS ON FRESH CONCRETE

 WORKABILITY TEST
 SLUMP TEST

WATER – CEMENT RATIO OBTAINED FOR 78mm SLUMP

SI.NO. TYPE OF CONCRETE SLUMP WATER/
VALUE CEMEN
(mm) T
RATIO
1. M-SAND 78 0.55
CONVENTIONAL
CONCRETE
 TEST ON HARDENED CONCRETE
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
Compressive strength of Concrete cubes at 7 days
 For Conventional Concrete C 1= 17.11 N/mm 2
 0.5%SF+M-SAND C2=19.40N/mm 2
 1% SF+M-SAND C3=21.03 N/mm 2
 1.5% SF+M-SAND C4=20.81 N/mm 2
C o m p r e s s iv e s t r e n g t h N / m m 2

GRAPH SHOWING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH VALUE

@ 7 DAY

26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
% of sisal fibre added
 Compressive strength of Concrete cubes at 28days

 For Conventional Concrete C 1= 28.3N/mm 2

 0.5%SF+M-SAND C2= 32 N/mm 2
 1% SF+M-SAND C3=34.37 N/mm 2
 1.5% SF+M-SAND C4=33 N/mm 2
C o m p r e s s iv e s tr e n g th N /m m 2

GRAPH SHOWING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH VALUE @ 7

DAY

38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
% of sisal fibre added
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE OF STRENGTH IN
CUBES AT 7 DAYS

STRENGTH PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR

TYPE
N/mm2 DECREASE W.R.T C1 (%)

C1 17.11 -
C2 19.4 13.38 increase
C3 21.03 22.91 increase
C4 20.81 21.62 increase

PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE OF STRENGTH IN

CUBES AT 28 DAYS

STRENGTH PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR

TYPE
N/mm2 DECREASE W.R.T C1 (%)

C1 28.3 -
C2 32 13.07 increase
C3 34.37 21.44 increase
C4 33 16.60 increase
SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH RESULTS OF CONCRETE CYLINDER
Compressive strength of Concrete cubes at 7 days
 For Conventional Concrete C 1= 1.7N/mm 2
 0.5%SF+M-SAND C2=2.2 N/mm 2
 1% SF+M-SAND C3=2.8 N/mm 2
 1.5% SF+M-SAND C4=3.5N/mm 2
S p lit t e n s ile s t r e n g th N /m m 2

Graph showing Spilt tensile strength strength value @

7 day

5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
% of sisal fibre added
Compressive strength of Concrete cubes at 28days
 For Conventional Concrete C 1= 2.5 N/mm 2
 0.5%SF+M-SAND C2= 3.1 N/mm 2
 1% SF+M-SAND C3=3.9 N/mm 2
 1.5% SF+M-SAND C4=4.5 N/mm 2
S p lit t e n s ile s t r e n g th N /m m 2

Graph showing Spilt tensile strength strength value

@ 28 day

5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
% of sisal fibre added
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE OF STRENGTH IN
CUBES AT 7 DAYS

STRENGTH PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR

TYPE
N/mm2 DECREASE W.R.T C1 (%)

C1 1.7 -
C2 2.2 29.41 increase
C3 2.8 64.7 increase
C4 3.5 105.8 increase

PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR DECREASE OF STRENGTH IN

CUBES AT 28 DAYS

STRENGTH PERCENTAGE INCREASE OR

TYPE
N/mm2 DECREASE W.R.T C1 (%)

C1 2.5 -
C2 3.1 24 increase
C3 3.9 56 increase
C4 4.5 80 increase
 COMPARISION BETWEEN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
SISALFIBRE REINFORECED CONCRETE AND BASALT FIBRE
REINFORECED CONCRETE
 

Compressive Strength in N/mm2

Percentage
Type of Fibre used (%) of fibre added 7 days 28 days
0 17.11 28.3
0.5 19.4 32
Sisal
1 21.03 34.37
1.5 20.81 33
0 22.89 37.64
0.5 24.02 38.3
Basalt
1 26.09 39.82
1.5 27.34 37.06
Graph showing Comparision between compressive strength of sisal fibre
&basalt fibre concrete @ 7 Days and 28 Days Respectively
 

30
40
28 39.82
38 38.3
27.34 37.64

Compressive strength N/mm2

26
Compressive strength N/mm2

36 37.06
26.09
24 34
24.02 34.37
22 22.89 32 33
32
21.03 20.81 30
20
19.4 sisal fibre sisal fibre
18 basalt fibre 28 28.3 basalt fibre

17.11 26
16
24
14
22
12
20
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
10
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
% of fibre added
% of fibre added
 COMPARISION BETWEEN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
SISALFIBRE REINFORECED CONCRETE AND BASALT FIBRE
REINFORECED CONCRETE
 

Split Tensile Strength in N/mm2

Percentage
Type of Fibre used (%) of fibre added 7 days 28 days
0 1.7 2.5
0.5 2.2 3.1
Sisal
1 2.8 3.9
1.5 3.5 4.5
0 2.8 3.64
0.5 3.47 4.1
Basalt
1 4.71 5.2
1.5 5.48 5.9
Graph showing Comparision between Split Tensile strength of sisal fibre
&basalt fibre concrete @ 7 Days and 28 Days Respectively
 

8
8

7
7

Split tensile strength N/mm2

Split tensile strength N/mm2

6
6
5.9
5.48 5 5.2
5
4.71 4.5
4 4.1
4
3.9 sisal fibre
sisal fibre 3.64
3.47 3.5 basalt fibre
basalt fibre 3 3.1
3
2.8 2.8 2.5
2
2 2.2
1.7
1
1

0
0 C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)
C1(0%) C2(0.5%) C3(1%) C4(1.5%)

% of fibre added % of fibre added

 Conclusions
 Compressive strength of addition 0.5% of Sisal fibre + M- sand concrete (C2) increases
when compared with the conventional concrete (C1) by 13.38% at 7 days & 13.07% at
28 days respectively.

 When compared to Compressive strength of C1, addition 1.0% of Sisal fibre + M- sand
concrete (C3) increases by 22.91% and 21.44% at 7 days and 28 days respectively.

 When compared to Compressive strength of C1, addition 1.5% of Sisal fibre + M- sand
concrete (C4) increases by 21.62% at 7 days and increases by 16.60% at 28 days
respectively.

 Split tensile strength of addition 0.5% of Sisal fibre + M- sand concrete (C2) increases
when compared with the conventional concrete (C1) by 29.41% at 7 days & 24% at 28
days respectively.

 When compared to split tensile strength of C1, addition 1.0% of Sisal fibre + M- sand
concrete (C3) increases by 64.7% at 7 days and 56% at 28 days respectively.
 When compared to split tensile strength of C1, addition 1.5% of Sisal fibre
+ M- sand concrete (C4) increases by 105.8% at 7 days and 80% 28 days
respectively.

 The study has been concluded that the compressive strength and split
tensile strength results shows that the strength of 0.5% sisal fibre reinforced
concrete has increased gradually with respect to conventional concrete.

 Hence it is recommended that sisal fibre reinforced concrete gives better

result compared to conventional concrete.

 Based on the above mentioned tests it is concluded that Sisal fibers of great
interest for the building industry. The benefit of using fiber is that it is non-
corrosive. The strength is very good. The heat resistance power is very
good which is extremely important for every building.

 The compressive strength and Split tensile strength of Sisal fibre concrete
is lesser than Basalt Fibre concrete and it shows that Basalt fibre is much
better than sisal fibre.
 REFERENCES
 [1] “EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF SISAL FIBRE
REINFORCED CONCRETE” - K.T. Radha Sumithra1, ABS DAdapheer2 - Volume: 04
Issue: 04 | Apr -2017
 
 [2] “MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED CEMENT
COMPOSITES” - M Aruna Vol:8, No:4, 2014
 
 [3] “STUDIES ON BOND AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF SISAL FIBRE
ROPEREINFORCED CONCRETE” - S.Yazhini1, Dr.G.Ramakrishna2 – Volume 8 issue no 3
 
 [4] “COMPARATIVE STUDY ON BANANA AND SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED
CONCRETE WITH CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE” - Prasannan1. D, Nivin2. S,
Rajkumar3.R, Giridharan4. S, Elavivekan5. M
 
 [5] “SISAL FISBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE” –Venkateshwaran1.S, Kalaiyarrasi2. A.
R. R -June 2018, Volume 5, Issue 6

 “STRENGTH AND WORKABILITY OF CEMENT MORTAR WITH

MANUFACTURED SAND”– 2016. - Praveen Kumar K, Radhakrishna. E-ISSN: 2319-1163,
p-ISSN: 2321-7308.

 
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