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Chapter2 Variables, Expressions, Statements

Variables are reserved memory locations that store values based on the data type. Variables can be declared globally or locally in functions. Statements perform actions like printing, and expressions combine values and operators. Python supports various literals including strings, numbers, Booleans, None, lists, tuples and dictionaries to represent data.

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Jeevan Sai Maddi
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86 views32 pages

Chapter2 Variables, Expressions, Statements

Variables are reserved memory locations that store values based on the data type. Variables can be declared globally or locally in functions. Statements perform actions like printing, and expressions combine values and operators. Python supports various literals including strings, numbers, Booleans, None, lists, tuples and dictionaries to represent data.

Uploaded by

Jeevan Sai Maddi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VARIABLES, EXPRESSIONS

AND STATEMENTS
Agenda
What is variable, How to declare and use a variable
Re-declare a variable
Concatenate variable
Delete a variable
Global and local variable
Keywords,statements,Expressions
Python Operators
 Identifiers
 Literals
Variable
Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations

to store values. This means that when you create a


variable you reserve some space in memory.
Based on the data type of a variable, the interpreter

allocates memory and decides what can be stored in


the reserved memory
Variables and Keywords
Variables names can start with letters or underscore ,
but not with numbers.
Keywords cannot be used as variables
Assigning Values to Variables

The declaration happens automatically when you


assign a value to a variable. The equal sign (=) is used
to assign values to variables
Type of a variable
Re-declare a variable
You can re-declare the variable even after you have
declared it once.
Concatenate Variable
Let's see whether you can concatenate different data types like

string and number together


For example, we will concatenate “Focus" with number “40".

Unlike Java, which concatenates number with string without

declaring number as string, Python requires declaring the


number as string otherwise it will show a TypeError
Example
Delete a variable
You can also delete variable using the
command del "variable name"
Global and Local Variable
Global Variable:- when you want to use the same variable

for rest of your program or module you declare it global


variable
Local Variable:- while if you want to use the variable in a

specific function or method you use local variable.


Example
Explanation
Variable "f" is global in scope and is assigned value 101
which is printed in output
Variable f is again declared in function and
assumes local scope. It is assigned value "I am
learning Python." which is printed out as an output.
This variable is different from the global variable "f"
define earlier
Once the function call is over, the local variable f is
destroyed. At line 12, when we again, print the value of
"f" is it displays the value of global variable f=101
Statements
A statement is an instruction that the Python
interpreter can execute. We have seen two kinds of
statements: print and assignment
Expressions
An expression is a combination of values, variables,
and operators
Operators and operands
Operators are special symbols that represent
computations like addition and multiplication etc
The values the operator uses are called operands.
 Example: C=A+B
The operators +, -, *, / and ** perform addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division and
exponentiation
Here A ,B, C are Operands
Operators
Continue…
Order of precedence
When more than one operator appears in an expression,

the order of evaluation depends on the rules of


precedence. For mathematical operators, Python
follows mathematical convention. The
acronym PEMDAS is a useful way to remember the rules:
Paranthesis, Exponentiation,Multiplication,Division,

Addition,Subtraction
Identifiers
Identifier is the name given to entities like class,

functions, variables etc. in Python.


 It helps differentiating one entity from another.
Rules For writing Identifiers
Identifiers can be a combination of letters in lowercase
(a to z) or uppercase (A to Z) or digits (0 to 9) or an
underscore (_). Names like myClass, var_1 and
print_this_to_screen, all are valid example.
An identifier cannot start with a digit. 1 Variable is
invalid, but variable1 is perfectly fine.  
Keywords cannot be used as identifiers. 
We cannot use special symbols like !, @, #, $, % etc. in
our identifier.
Python Literals
Literals can be defined as a data that is given in a
variable or constant
 String literals:String literals can be formed by
enclosing a text in the quotes. We can use both single
as well as double quotes for a String.
Eg:"Aman" , '12345‘
Numeric literals:Numeric Literals are immutable.
Types of Strings
There are two types of Strings supported in Python:

a)Single line String- Strings that are terminated

within a single line are known as Single line Strings.


Ex: a=’apssdc’

b)Multi line String- A piece of text that is spread

along multiple lines is known as Multiple line String.


Continue…
There are two ways to create Multiline Strings:
1) Adding black slash at the end of each line
2)Using triple quotation marks
Numeric literals
Numeric Literals are immutable. Numeric literals can
belong to following four different numerical types.
Boolean and Special literals
Boolean literals:A Boolean literal can have any of the
two values: True or False
Special literals:Python contains one special literal
i.e., None.None is used to specify to that field that is
not created. It is also used for end of lists in Python.
Literal Collections
Literal Collections:Collections such as tuples, lists and
Dictionary are used in Python.

List:List contain items of different data types. Lists are


mutable i.e., modifiable.
Tuple: A tuple is a sequence of immutable python
objects
Dictionary: Python dictionary is an unordered collection
of items. While other compound data types have only
value as an element, a dictionary has a key: value pair.
Lists
List contain items of different data types. Lists are
mutable i.e., modifiable.
The values stored in List are separated by commas(,)
and enclosed within a square brackets([]). We can
store different type of data in a List.
Value stored in a List can be retrieved using the slice
operator([] and [:]).
The plus sign (+) is the list concatenation and
asterisk(*) is the repetition operator.
Continue…
Tuple
 A tuple is a sequence of immutable python objects
Dictionaries
Python dictionary is an unordered collection of items.
Continue…..

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