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Parts of The Computer System

The document discusses the four main parts of a computer system: hardware, software, data, and users. It provides details on the types of essential hardware which include processing devices like the CPU, memory devices like RAM and ROM, input/output devices, and storage devices. The document also explains that software tells the computer what to do and describes the two main types: system software like the operating system, and application software like MS Word. It defines computer data as facts without meaning on their own and stored using binary, and notes users can have different roles depending on their ability to set up, install, manage and maintain the system.

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Avishek Paul
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74 views

Parts of The Computer System

The document discusses the four main parts of a computer system: hardware, software, data, and users. It provides details on the types of essential hardware which include processing devices like the CPU, memory devices like RAM and ROM, input/output devices, and storage devices. The document also explains that software tells the computer what to do and describes the two main types: system software like the operating system, and application software like MS Word. It defines computer data as facts without meaning on their own and stored using binary, and notes users can have different roles depending on their ability to set up, install, manage and maintain the system.

Uploaded by

Avishek Paul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parts of the Computer System

• Computer systems have four parts


– Hardware
– Software
– Data
– User

1B-1
Parts of the Computer System
• Hardware
– Mechanical devices in the computer
– Anything that can be touched
• Software
– Tell the computer what to do
– Also called a program
– Thousands of programs exist

1B-2
Parts of the Computer System
• Data
– Pieces of information
– Computer organize and present data
• Users
– People operating the computer
– Most important part
– Tell the computer what to do

1B-3
Information Processing Cycle
• Steps followed to process data
• Input
• Processing
• Output
• Storage

1B-4
Essential Computer Hardware
• Computers use the same basic
hardware
• Hardware categorized into four types

1B-5
Essential Computer Hardware
• Processing devices
– Brains of the computer
– Carries out instructions from the program
– Manipulate the data
– Most computers have several processors
– Central Processing Unit (CPU)
– Secondary processors
– Processors made of silicon and copper

1B-6
Essential Computer Hardware
• Memory devices
– Stores data or programs
– Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Volatile
• Stores current data and programs
• More RAM results in a faster system
– Read Only Memory (ROM)
• Permanent storage of programs
• Holds the computer boot directions

1B-7
Essential Computer Hardware
• Input and output devices
– Allows the user to interact
– Input devices accept data
• Keyboard, mouse
– Output devices deliver data
• Monitor, printer, speaker
– Some devices are input and output
• Touch screens

1B-8
Essential Computer Hardware
• Storage devices
– Hold data and programs permanently
– Different from RAM
– Magnetic storage
• Floppy and hard drive
• Uses a magnet to access data
– Optical storage
• CD and DVD drives
• Uses a laser to access data

1B-9
Software Runs The Machine
• Tells the computer what to do
• Reason people purchase computers
• Two types
– System software
– Application software

1B-10
Software Runs The Machine
• System software
– Most important software
– Operating system
• Windows XP
– Network operating system (OS)
• Windows Server 2003
– Utility
• Symantec AntiVirus

1B-11
Software Runs The Machine
• Application software
– Accomplishes a specific task
– Most common type of software
• MS Word
– Covers most common uses of computers

1B-12
Computer data
• Fact with no meaning on its own
• Stored using the binary number system
• Data can be organized into files

1B-13
Computer users
• Role depends on ability
– Setup the system
– Install software
– Mange files
– Maintain the system
• “Userless” computers
– Run with no user input
– Automated systems

1B-14

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