Dance

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The word dance comes form German word Damson which means “to
stretch or to drag”
Dancing maybe the oldest among all arts.
It developed as a natural expression of united feeling and action.

The music of early man came from stamping of feet, clapping of hands,
snapping of fingers, or any sound that can produce rhythm.
Dancing is an art that needs no instrument, because the dancer’s
body is the instrument.
It is an art of precise expression of ones emotion through
graceful movement, performed with musical accompaniment.
The oldest proof of existence of dancing comes from the 9000 year old
cave paintings that were found in India, which depicts various scenes
of hunting, childbirth, religious rites, burials and most importantly,
communal drinking and dancing.
Dance was very basic as it evolved everyday movements.
It served as an important means of communication and
revolved around life events that were meaningful to
individual and tribes: birth, puberty, courtship,
marriage, and death.
Most tribes incorporated dance in their religious
ceremonies and festival activities based on superstition
and infused with magic.
Dances also explain the supernatural and natural
events happening in each tribe.
Shamans, spearheads who are said to posses magical powers
and who acted as physicians, religious leaders, and lead
dancers, kept tribes healthy, prosperous and safe.
They performed and imparted dances and rituals to the

people to combat and win over environmental forces and
remain in good graces with the gods and spirits.
ANCIENT
CIVILIZATION
Dance was the ancient Egyptian way of expressing
their religious services and teaching about their
ancient myths.
THE MAJOR DANCERS WERE THE FOLLOWING

The king
The priest who performed magical dances for
the gods and other spiritual entities and
took the role of the god Osiris in a great
religious dance-drama
The virgin dancers who were trained to
perform during ceremonies led by the priests
Dance was also a popular form of entertainment.
Irena Lexova, a 20th century author, classifies the

ancient Egyptian dances into these categories:
Pure, un rehearsed dance
is a style of dance that combines classical dance technique with

precision acrobatic elements. It is defined by its athletic character,
its unique choreography, which seamlessly blends dance and acrobatics,
and its use of acrobatics in a dance context. It is a popular dance
style in amateur competitive dance as well as in professional dance
theater and in contemporary circus productions
Acro is an especially challenging dance style for dancers as it
requires them to be trained in both dance and acrobatic skills. Acro
dancers must be in excellent physical condition as well, because acro
is a physically demanding activity.
Is a style of dance portraying the movement of something.

Partner dances are dances whose basic choreography involves coordinated dancing
of two partners, as opposed to individuals dancing alone or individually in a
non-coordinated manner, and as opposed to groups of people dancing
simultaneously in a coordinated manner.
are danced by groups of people simultaneously, as opposed to

individuals dancing alone or individually, and as opposed to couples dancing
together but independently of others dancing at the same time, if any.
The dances are generally, but not always, coordinated or standardized in such
a way that all the individuals in the group are dancing the same steps at the
same time. Alternatively, various groups within the larger group may be
dancing different, but complementary, parts of the larger dance.
is a dance involving mock combat, usually in reference to tribal warrior

societies where such dances were performed as a ritual connected with endemic
warfare. Martial arts in various cultures can be performed in dance-like
settings for various reasons, such as for evoking ferocity in preparation for
battle or showing off skill in a more stylized manner. It could also be for
celebration of valor and conquest. Many such martial arts incorporate music,
especially strong percussive rhythms
drama performed through dance movements, frequently with dialogue.
is a style of dance created by merging ballet and jazz. The style is usually

danced at a faster pace than ballet but not as fast as jazz. Because of the
links between the styles of dance, teachers originally struggled with whether
to teach lyrical dance alongside jazz or ballet or as its own, separate
style. Lyrical dancing is performed to music with lyrics to inspire movements
to express strong feelings and emotions the choreographer feels from the
lyrics in the chosen song.Because lyrical dancing focuses on the expression of
strong emotion, the style concentrates more on individual approach and
expressiveness than the precision of the dancer's movements.Because of this,
there is not as much focus on the choreography, and, in fact, the choreography
often exists only as a general guide for the dancer, not as a routine that has
to be exactly followed
a category of theatrical dance that became more clearly differentiated in the
18th century and was incorporated into ballet, although it had its roots in
earlier centuries. As opposed to the danse noble or "noble dance" performed in
royal courts which emphasized beauty of movement and noble themes, grotesque
dances were comic or lighthearted and created for buffoons and commedia
dell'arte characters to amuse and entertain spectators or patrons. In 16th and
17th centuries grotesque dances were often presented as an anti-masque,
performed between the acts of more serious courtly entertainments.
In some post-funerary rituals, dancing and athletic contests have had a place.

The dancing seems to have been inspired by various but generally obscure
motives. There is some evidence that Egyptian mortuary dances were intended to
generate a vitalizing potency that would benefit the dead. Dances among other
peoples suggest the purpose of warding off the (evil) spirits of the dead.
E
The Cretan civilizations, which existed from 3000 to 1400 BC, was a cultural
link in the ancient world between Egyptian and Greeks.
Cretans were sophisticate and rich in arts and culture.
Like Egyptians, their dances intertwined religious ceremonies and fertility
rites, myths and symbols.
Dance themes include military training, healing, religious rituals, and
entertainment.
According to the Greek
the Cretans
writer had
HOMER
an excellent army because they used dance to
perfect their training.
The great poet,described

Sappho, a circle dance performed by Cretan women: they held
hands around an outside altar and “PURIFIED” what was at the center of their
formation.
Dances in ancient Greece were extremely organized and structured. A total
95,140 combined body movements were calculated to have existed in these dance.
They maximized these movements; incorporated ritualistic, symbolic, or

representative gestures; and were accompanied by music, both vocal and
instrumental.
The dancers were also required to sing during a performance.

Dance was an essential part of religious celebrations, entertainment, and
theatrical performances.
Even the army performed a dance which “inflamed courage and gave strength to
preserve in the paths of honor and valor”.
PHORAI and Cheironomia

To carry, carriage. A whole system of gestures and symbolic movements
are Greek terms that describe the carriage of the body during classical dance.
DEIXIS
was pure dance, performed by the male Greek dancer who portrayed the
essence of human character, an animal or natural element such as fire and wind
Dances in the Roman era were primarily performed for religious, social, and
entertainment purposes.
They frequently highlighted overtly erotic, comic and frightening elements.
Many of the dance performers were slaves imported from the Greece and other
conquered nations.
They had low status as professionals and less respected as artists and
participant of religious events.
Wealthy Romans generally did not dance but they preferred to hire and watch
dancers.

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for

Dancing maybe the oldest among all arts.

It developed as a natural expression of united feeling and action.

They performed and imparted dances and rituals to the

THE MAJOR DANCERS WERE THE FOLLOWING

Irena Lexova, a 20th century author, classifies the

is a style of dance that combines classical dance technique with

Is a style of dance portraying the movement of something.

are danced by groups of people simultaneously, as opposed to

is a dance involving mock combat, usually in reference to tribal warrior

is a style of dance created by merging ballet and jazz. The style is usually

In some post-funerary rituals, dancing and athletic contests have had a place.

The great poet,described

They maximized these movements; incorporated ritualistic, symbolic, or

The dancers were also required to sing during a performance.

PHORAI and Cheironomia

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