CHAPTER 1

Explain the concept of Web Application Development

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1.2 Client Server Model

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 Learning Objectives
After completion of this lecture, you will be able
to:
 Describe 3 types of web browser.
 Define web server.
 Explain types of web servers with examples.
 Elaborate client server model.

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 Web Browser
Is a software program created as a simplified
means to present and explore content on the
World Wide Web.

3 types of web browser:

 Graphical – IE, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome
 Text-Only - Lynx
 Non-Visual – Audio (HearSay), Braille (BrailleSurf4)

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 Web Browser
Graphical Browsers Text-Only Browser Nonvisual Browser
Microsoft Internet Lynx – using UNIX Audio – translate HTML code into
Explorer operating system. It sound called voices, using the
ignores all HTML computer’s speech synthesizer. e.g.
references to colors, HearSay
pictures, sounds, or
Mozilla Firefox video.
Braille – render only text, not
graphics, images, sound, or video.
E.g. BrailleSurf 4
Google Chrome It shows information in a text form.
This information can then be
displayed on a braille bar, or it can
be spoken out by a speech
synthesiser.
Apple Safari

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Lynx Browser Interface

Lynx and Firefox rendering the same page

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 Web Server
Is a software or hardware where the web
content is stored and used to host the web
sites over the World Wide Web (WWW).
The most common operating system for Web
server from Microsoft are:
Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Advanced
Server and Microsoft. NET
Unix-based products are also popular:
Linus, Solaris and FreeBSD
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 Web Server
Web server software controls how a user accesses
hosted files. It is accessed through the domain names
of websites and ensures the delivery of the site's
content to the requesting user.
Web server hardware is connected to the internet and
allows data to be exchanged with other connected
devices. As hardware, a Web server is a computer that
holds web server software and other files related to a
website, such as HTML documents, images and
JavaScript files.
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 Web Server Software
The most popular Web server programs in use
today:
Apache HTTP Server
Microsoft Internet Server (IIS)
iPlanet Enterprise Server

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 Apache HTTP Server
 Free and perform efficiently.
 Runs on many operating systems and the
hardware that support them.
 Has a built-in search engine and HTML
authoring tools and supports FTP.
 Can be managed from either a server console
or a Web server.

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 Client Server Model
The Client/Server-Model is a base topic for topics describing
models of interacting Clients and Servers.

The communication between the two peers is based on a

Protocol, which is defining the possible interaction patterns
and the information being exchanged.

Basically, A web required 2 component :

– A web server (the web pages that comprise a web site are
stored on a server)
– Client (the client is usually a browser e.g. : IE/Netscape etc).

Both the server & the client can communicate each other.
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Client Server Model

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 Client Server Model
The client’s responsibility is usually to:
1. Handle the user interface
2. Translate the user’s request into the desired
protocol
3. Send the request to the server
4. Wait for the server’s response
5. Translate the response into “human-readable”
result
6. Present the result to the user

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 Client Server Model
The server’s functions include:
1. Listen for a client’s query
2. Process that query
3. Return the results back to the client

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 Client Server Model
A typical client server interaction goes like
this:
1. The user run client software to create a query
2. The client connect to the server
3. The client sends the query to the server using
4. The server analyzes the query
5. The server computes the results of the query
6. The server sends the results to the client
7. The client presents the results to the user
8. Repeat as necessary

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 Client Server Model
 The client-server model is another name for the software and
communications protocols behind the WWW.
 A user on the client machine uses his browser software to make a
request for a document. The browser sends the request to the
server using the hypertext transport protocol (HTTP).
 The server machine, running software called an HTTP server,
processes the request and returns the document using the HTTP
(response).
 The document itself is in hypertext markup language (HTML).
 At the client, the browser renders the HTML document for display
to the user.
 The client-server model consists of browser software, severs
software and the standard languages and protocols that link them.
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 Client Server Analogy
• Restaurant service is an analogy to help
explain client server computing.
• The customer (client) make a series of order
for a specific set of services that may include
an appetizer, beverage, main course and
dessert.
• These request are all typically made to one
person, the waiter (server).

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 Client Server Analogy
• The waiter (server) in a restaurant responsible
for handling the customer requests and
delivering the product to the customer (client)
• The server becomes responsible for
performing the service and returning the
information to the client in timely manner.

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