CHAPTER 1

Explain the concept of Web Application Development

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 Learning Objectives
After completion of this lecture, you will be able to:
 Explain how the internet work.
 Explain the history evolution of internet.
 Define www, web pages and web site.
 Differentiate between static web & dynamic
web.
 Differentiate between web 1.0, web 2.0 and
web 3.0.

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 Definition of Internet
• is a worldwide collection of computers and
computer networks that links billions of
computers used by business, government,
educational institutions, organizations and
individuals using modems, phone lines,
television cables, satellite links, fiber-optics
connections, and other communications
devices and media.

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 Comprehend Working of Internet
How the Internet works:
The Internet works because open standards allow
networks all over the world to interconnect.
Network is a collection of two or more computer
that are connected to share resources and
information.

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What are ways to access the Internet?

The Internet backbone

is a collection of high-speed data lines that
connect major computer systems located around
the world.

ISP (Internet service provider)

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company
that gives you access to the Internet and charge
fee against it.
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 How to connect Internet?
1-Slow-speed Technology 2- High-speed Connection

Modem in your computer DSL, cable modem,

uses a standard FTTP, fixed wireless,
telephone line to connect wireless modem, Wi-Fi,
to the Internet. and satellite modems.

Connection must be Connection is always

established each time you on whenever the
log on. computer is running. 7
 History and Evolution of Internet
The Internet originated as ARPANET in
September 1969 and had two main goals:
• Allow scientists at different physical
locations to share information and work
together.

• Function even if part of the network were

disabled or destroyed by a disaster.

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History and Evolution of Internet

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 World Wide Web
The world wide web (www) is a system of
interlinked hypertext documents accessed via
the internet.

With web browser, user views web pages that

may contain text, images, videos and other
multimedia and navigates between them,
using hyperlinks.

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 Webpage
A webpage is a document commonly written in
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) that is
accessible through the Internet or other
network using a browser.

A web page is accessed by entering a URL

address and may contain text, graphics, and
hyperlinks to other web pages and files.

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 Web site
A Web site is a collection of related Webpages
and associated items, such as documents and
pictures, multimedia stored on a Web server.

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 Static Website
Static website is collection of web pages stored on the
server in the format that is sent to a client web
browser.
It is primarily coded in Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML) and CSS coding on simple text editor like
notepad.
Pages typically contain text, hyperlinks, photos, graphics
and multimedia.
Contain fixed number of pages and format of web page
is fixed which delivers information to the client
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 Static Website
Advantages Disadvantages

 Difficult to maintain when a site

 Quick and easy to put gets large.
together, even by someone
who doesn't have much  Difficult to keep consistent and up
experience. to date.

 Offers little visitor personalization

 Ideal for demonstrating how (all would have to be client side).
a site will look.
 Initial cost of setting up a static
Website may not be costly, its long
 Cache friendly, one copy can term maintenance will be
be shown to many people. expensive 14
 Dynamic Website
Dynamic Websites one that changes or
customizes content automatically and/or
frequently based on certain criteria.
The page composition is usually data-driven and
collates information each time a page is
requested.
It is primarily coded using server scripting such
as PHP, ASP.NET and SQL and so on.

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 Dynamic Website
Advantages Disadvantages

 Scalable Design – The addition of new

servers and load balancing can grow an  Design Complexity – Multi-tier
environment to accommodate large architecture is more difficult to
numbers of client connections. implement than single tier.
 Parallel Development – Developers and DBAs
can work simultaneously and independently
on the different layers (tiers).  Increased Maintenance – Designated
 Superior Performance – Separation of CPU- systems (Web, Application and
intensive, memory-intensive and I/O- Database) often have their own
intensive operations increases and extends maintenance schedules and
performance of all components. windows that might prove
 Increased Security – Physical and logical cumbersome to production.
separation of components can increase
security.
 Improved Availability – Redundant server
members decrease the severity of outages.
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Static Website Vs Dynamic Website

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Difference between Static and Dynamic Websites

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Difference between Static and Dynamic Websites

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 History of Web
Tim Berners-Lee, a British scientist at CERN
(European Organization for Nuclear Research),
invented the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989.

The web was originally conceived and developed

to meet the demand for automatic
information-sharing between scientists in
universities and institutes around the world.

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 Web 1.0
Refers to the first stage in the World Wide Web,
which was entirely made up of web pages
connected by hyperlinks.

Is a source of debate, it is generally believed to

refer to the web when it was a set of static
websites that were not yet providing
interactive content.

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applications
• Companies develop software applications that users can download, but they can't are proprietary
see how the application works or change it.
• Visitors can only visit these sites; they can't impact or contribute to the sites. sites aren't
interactive
• Most organizations have profile pages that visitors can look at but not impact or
alter.
• They contain information that might be useful, but there's no reason for a visitor to
Sites are static.
return to the site later.
• An example might be a personal Web page that gives information about the site's
owner, but never changes.
Web 1.0
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 Web 2.0
Is the name used to describe the second
generation of the World Wide Web, where it
moved static HTML pages to a more
interactive and dynamic web experience.

Focused on the ability for people to collaborate

and share information online via social
media, blogging and web based communities.

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Web 2.0 Website Types

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 Examples of Web 2.0 based websites
• Flickr - A photo sharing website which allows users to upload their
photographs and share it with anyone and everyone.
• Orkut-Social networking site which allows the users to send messages and
communicate with other members.
• YouTube - It allows the users to upload their videos and share it with everyone.
• Blogs - Maintained by individuals or groups, they can be used to convey
anything.
• Google AD sense - Allows users to earn money through posting Google ads on
their websites.
• Wikipedia - Online encyclopedia wherein the users contribute by writing the
articles, definitions, etc. It is completely edited and maintained by the users.
• Scribd - Users can upload any documents on the website where other users
can either download or view those documents online.

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 Web 3.0
Refers to a third generation of Internet-based
services that collectively comprise what might be
called ‘the intelligent Web’ such as those using
semantic web, micro-formats, natural language
search, data-mining, machine learning,
recommendation agents, and artificial intelligence
technologies which emphasize machine-facilitated
understanding of information in order to provide a
more productive and intuitive user experience.

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Differentiate Web 1.0, 2.0 & 3.0

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