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Physics - Friction: Prasad P. Kulkarni B. Tech. (Mech.)

This document discusses friction, including its definition, factors that affect it, types of friction, and applications. It defines friction as the force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact. It describes factors like irregularities and pressure that affect friction levels. It also discusses static, dynamic, sliding, and rolling friction and their relative magnitudes. Examples are given of how friction is both advantageous, like allowing walking, and disadvantageous, like causing wear.

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105 views21 pages

Physics - Friction: Prasad P. Kulkarni B. Tech. (Mech.)

This document discusses friction, including its definition, factors that affect it, types of friction, and applications. It defines friction as the force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact. It describes factors like irregularities and pressure that affect friction levels. It also discusses static, dynamic, sliding, and rolling friction and their relative magnitudes. Examples are given of how friction is both advantageous, like allowing walking, and disadvantageous, like causing wear.

Uploaded by

Prasad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics - Friction

 Prasad P. Kulkarni
B. Tech. (Mech.)
Friction

 The force which opposes the relative motion


between two surfaces in contact is called Friction.
 The force of friction always opposes the applied
force that may be push or pull.

Factors affecting friction


1. Irregularities on surfaces
2. Pressure between two surfaces
Activity

 Diagram To study force of friction


Spring Balance

 Itis a device used for measuring the force


acting on an object.
Spring Balance

 It consists of a coiled spring balance moving


on a graduated scale. When a force applied,
stretching of spring takes place.

 The reading of the scale indicated by the


pointer gives the magnitude of the force.
Types of Friction

1. Static friction
2. Dynamic friction
3. Sliding Friction
4. Rolling friction
Rolling Friction < Static or Kinetic Friction < Limiting Friction
Graph between Applied Force and Force of
Friction
Advantages of Friction

 Friction allows us to walk and run without


slipping.

 Cars and buses are able to move on the road


because of friction between the tyres and the
surface of the road.

 A matchstick lights due to friction.


Disadvantages of Friction

 Friction produces heat in machines.

 Tyres of vehicles and soles of your shoes wear


out due to friction.

 Wastage of energy.
Ways to increase Friction

 Tyres have designs and patterns (treads) with


grooves on the surface to increase friction.

 Spikes
are provided in the soles of the shoes
of athletes to increase the friction and
prevent them from slipping.

 The soles of your shoes also have treads, a


styres do.
Ways to reduce Friction

 Ball Bearing
 Lubrication
 Lubricants
Fluid Friction and Streamlining

 E.g. Bird, Aeroplane and Fish.


Multiple Choice Questions
1.Friction acts when there is relative motion between
a) solids b) liquids
c) gases d) solid, liquids or gases

2.The friction offered by wheels while applying brakes is


called
a) limiting friction b) rolling friction
c) sliding friction d) all of these.
MCQs

3. Cars and buses are able to move on the road because


of ................. Between the tyres and the road.
a) walk b) distance
c) acceleration d) friction

4. Ball rolling on the floor stops due to


a) gravitation force b) magnetic force
c) muscular force d) frictional force
MCQs

5. Ball bearing coverts


a) the limiting friction to sliding friction
b) sliding friction to rolling friction
c) rolling to sliding friction
d) all of these

6. Which of the following is the right arrangement


a) Rolling friction> static friction > sliding friction
b) sliding friction < static friction < rolling friction
c) rolling friction > static friction > sliding friction
d) static friction > rolling friction < sliding friction
MCQs

7. Due to streamlined shapes of cars, aeroplanes,


submarine, ships we can save

a) Distance to cover
b) energy
c) sound
d) none
MCQs

8. It is difficult to move a bike with its brakes on because

A) rolling friction will be converted to sliding friction


B) sliding friction will be converted to rolling friction
C) rolling friction will be converted to static friction
D) none of these
MCQs

9.How many statements given below show that friction is


troublesome?
i) Sharpening a knife by rubbing it against a stone.
ii) Applying brakes to stop a car.
iii) walking on a wet road.
iv) Soles of shoes wear out after sometime.
v) Machines become hot after running for sometime.
Subjective Questions

10. A force of 50 N is needed to keep a trolley of mass 60


kg moving at a uniform velocity of 2 m/s. What is the
frictional force on the trolley?
Ans. The frictional force on the trolley is 50 N. Because
the force applied here is used to over come the frictional
force at the surfaces in contact.
Subjective Questions

11. Why we could not write with chalk if there were no


friction?
Ans. We could not write with chalk, pen, pencil if there
were no friction. If we are writing with chack on
frictionless surface
Subjective Questions

11. Suppose your writing desk is tilted a little, a book


kept on it starts sliding down. Show the direction of
frictional force acting on it.
Ans. The book moves downwards. The frictional force is
acting opposite to the movement of book. So, it acts
upwards.

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