Scribd
Upload
324 views21 pages

Lecture 4 (Repeatability)

Here are some ways to improve heritability and repeatability and estimate breeding values more accurately: - Use genetically superior parents with high estimated breeding values in breeding programs to increase the additive genetic variance being passed on. This will increase heritability. - Minimize environmental variation between records by keeping animals in similar and consistent environments. This will increase repeatability by reducing temporary environmental effects. - Take multiple records on each animal over time. Using repeated records reduces error and increases reliability of estimated breeding values and repeatability estimates. - Use large reference populations to estimate breeding values and genetic parameters. Larger sample sizes provide more accurate estimates. - Account for permanent environmental effects. Models that include permanent environmental effects will provide

Uploaded by

Anil Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
324 views21 pages

Lecture 4 (Repeatability)

Here are some ways to improve heritability and repeatability and estimate breeding values more accurately: - Use genetically superior parents with high estimated breeding values in breeding programs to increase the additive genetic variance being passed on. This will increase heritability. - Minimize environmental variation between records by keeping animals in similar and consistent environments. This will increase repeatability by reducing temporary environmental effects. - Take multiple records on each animal over time. Using repeated records reduces error and increases reliability of estimated breeding values and repeatability estimates. - Use large reference populations to estimate breeding values and genetic parameters. Larger sample sizes provide more accurate estimates. - Account for permanent environmental effects. Models that include permanent environmental effects will provide

Uploaded by

Anil Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

Repeatability

Sirjan Bastola
2019-06-21
 Environmental variance
 Repeatability
Environmental variance (VE )

 VP = VG + VE + VGE

Environmental factors (or effects)

Temporary Permanent

Environmental variance (VE )

Temporary Permanent
(VEt ) (VEp )
Temporary Environmental Effects

 Affects a single performance record of individual but does not


permanently affect the individual’s performance potential
 Examples- quality/ quantity of feed, forage digestion, weather, etc.
Permanent Environmental Effects

Good rearing period

Virus infection
in rearing period

 These effects occur when we have repeated observations on same animal


 The effects remain permanent throughout individual’s lifetime
 Example- udder damage in cow, virus infection in laying hens
calfhood nutrition in cattle, training young horse
 These effects are called “permanent” because
they affect all observations of animals later in life
Repeated observations are similar due to
- Genetics
- Permanent environmental effects
e.g. disease in rearing period
2nd shearing 3rd shearing
1 shearing
st

10 kg Honest dude,
Impressive!! doing better
Keep this guy. than others

10 kg wool 15 kg wool 20 kg wool


1st lambing 2nd lambing Again…
Why being
lazy?

8
5 lambs
better than 7
friends
Keep her.

6
Key questions

1) Is there any relationship between


repeated performance records?
2) Can a single record indicate animal’s
producing ability?
What is the similarity among these?

All of these are repeated traits

Repeated trait
 Any trait for which individuals can have more
than one performance record.
 Example- lactation milk yield in cattle
- litter size in swine
- fleece weight in sheep
Producing ability (PA)

 Performance potential of an individual


for a repeated trait
 Composed of permanent effects
1) additive gene effect (breeding value)
2) permanent environmental effect
 Example- potential of these animals
to produce milk, litter and fleece

PA = A + Ep

PA = BV + Ep

VPA = VA + VEp

VPA = VBV + VEp


Repeatability (r)

General understanding

 It measures the relationship between repeated records


(repeated phenotypic values) for a trait in a population

 It measures the tendency of animal to maintain ranking over time.

Can early record predict life time performance?


Repeatability (r)
1) r= VPA = VA + VEp
VP VA + VEp + VEt + VR

 It is the proportion of phenotypic variance of a trait that is due


to both additive variance and permanent environmental variance.

2) r = rP1,P2

 It is the correlation between repeated records


(repeated phenotypic values) for a trait in a population
3) r = r2 P,PA

 It is the square of correlation between single performance record


(phenotypic value) and producing ability for a trait in a population.
 As a variance ratio, value ranges from 0 to 1
 It is usually higher than heritability
-Both additive variance and permanent environmental
variance contribute to the similarity of repeated observations
on same animal
 As a correlation, value ranges from -1 to +1
Importance of repeatability
Importance of repeatability
 When repeatability is high
- a single record of performance of animal is a good indicator of
animal’s producing ability
- keep good producing animals on the basis of their first record

 When repeatability is low


- a single phenotypic value tells a very little about producing ability
- wait for more records before deciding to cull

Useful for

 Predicting producing ability (PA) of animal

 Keeping or culling animal


Categories of repeated traits

Categories Value of r
1) Highly repeatable > 0.4

2) Moderately repeatable 0.2 – 0.4

3) Lowly repeatable < 0.2


Heritability Repeatability

Heritability measures the extent to which Repeatability measures the extent to which
superiority of parents will be seen in off-springs superiority of individual in one measurement
will be seen in subsequent measurements of
same individual

Heritability for predicting breeding values Repeatability for predicting producing abilities

Heritability for breeding purpose Repeatability for keeping/culling rather than


for breeding
Like Heritability, Repeatability is also

 an estimate not a fixed value.


 a property of population not individuals.
 defined for a specific population.
 defined for a specific environment.
Search assignment

Ways to improve heritability and repeatability,……., Breeding values

You might also like