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Introduction To Environmental Planning: Lecture Two

Environmental planning aims to optimize resource use for development while conserving rare resources and maintaining environmental quality. It involves inventorying environmental factors, examining interactions through mapping, and improving/protecting urban environmental quality. Effective planning requires coordination between physical infrastructure, rules/regulations, and individual behaviors. The goals are sustainable development through quality living conditions that protect human health and prosperity.

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161 views37 pages

Introduction To Environmental Planning: Lecture Two

Environmental planning aims to optimize resource use for development while conserving rare resources and maintaining environmental quality. It involves inventorying environmental factors, examining interactions through mapping, and improving/protecting urban environmental quality. Effective planning requires coordination between physical infrastructure, rules/regulations, and individual behaviors. The goals are sustainable development through quality living conditions that protect human health and prosperity.

Uploaded by

bisrat meseret
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO

ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING

By Haile Tadese
Lecture two
2.0 Concepts, objectives and
principles of Environmental Planning
and Management
2.1 Concept of Environmental Planning
and Management
2.2 Objectives of environmental planning
and management
2.3 Components of environmental planning
and management
2.4 Approaches to Environmental Planning
and Management
2.5 Principles of Environmental Planning
and Management
2.6 Planning and Management strategies
2.1 CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

 Planning is considered to be a
process of development having
two main objectives e.g. (i)
achieving an overall growth of the
society and (ii) removing socio-
economic disparities through the
misuse and utilization of all types
of resources
whether natural or human made.
CONT.….
 Thus "environmental planning
implies the optimal utilization of
the earth's resources, both
renewable and non-renewable,
for development activities,
conservation of what is rare
and precious in nature and
preservation of the quality of
environment for the healthy
CONT.….
 Sustainable Urban Environmental
Planning at the first stage
requires full understanding of the
link between physical
characteristics of an urban center
and the people who live in it.
CONT.….
 This could be done through
environmental inventory
which involves information
gathering on the abiotic and
biotic characteristics of the
environment as well as on
the people
CONT.….
 The process begins with assembling of
base maps of appropriate scale for the
study area and then the assembly of
local data relating to the environmental
factors.
 Data are collated and recorded in
mapped format within a Geographic
Information System to allow interactions
to be examined.
CONT.….
 Environmental planning seeks to improve
and protect environmental quality for
urban residents both through controlling the
generation of pollution and through segregating
activities that are environmentally incompatible.
CONT.….

 Effective environmental
planning requires the effective
interaction and overlay between
three components – hardware,
software and heart ware.
CONT.….
Hardware consists of the physical
fabrics of the city – landscape,
infrastructure, buildings, railway,
roads etc..
Software consists of sets of rules,

and regulations, laws and


legislations, ordinance, including
habits ethics and traditionally
established code of conduct.
CONT.….
 Heart ware is an
individual’s emotional
mechanism, behavior and
conduct, which determines
his or her needs, wants and
wishes. It also determines
the process by which the
individual's interaction with
the surrounding environment
Cont.….

 Environmental management involves


socio-economic development of the
society on the one hand and
maintenance of environmental quality
on the other hand.
 Environmental management, thus, is
related to the rational adjustment of
man with nature involving judicious
exploitation and utilization of natural
resources without disturbing the
ecological balance and ecosystem
equilibrium.
2.1 CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND MANAGEMENT

 The basic goal of urban


environmental management is
essentially to foster urban
sustainable development through
the creation of a quality living
conditions that are conducive for
human health, livelihood, well
being and prosperity
Cont.….

It typically addresses
environmental issues/problems
arising from pollution
of the environment and the
depletion of natural resources
CONT.….
 Planning is "figuring out what
needs to be done and how to
do it." It is the process of
"applying knowledge to action"
or basic problem solving.
 It requires determining ends and
means relationships to all
stakeholder.
CONT.….
 Planning involves setting
objectives, gathering and
analyzing information, and
formulating and evaluating
alternative policies, projects,
or designs to meet the
objectives.
Environmental planning and management can
be "reactive," "proactive," or "integrative."
 Reactive measures try to correct prior
environmental damages, for example,
remediation of old waste dumps,
reclamation of abandoned mined lands, or
cleanup of polluted waterways.
 Proactive measures are taken explicitly to
enhance environmental quality, for example,
land use controls to preserve wildlife
habitats and wetlands, protect aquifer
recharge areas, or restrict future floodplain
development.
 .
CONT.….
 Integrative environmental
planning involves early and
substantive consideration of
environmental and social factors
in the formulation of
development plans and projects,
like a highway or subdivision.
CONT.….
 Usually, environmental planners have
specialized expertise in one or more
subareas, such as land use and
development, air quality, water quality,
water resources, waste management,
wildlife, forestry, or others. But as planners,
environmental planners are also
generalists, applying planning and
problem-solving skills and a wide range of
disciplinary perspectives to a variety of
environmental concerns
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT
Broader objectives of environmental planning
and management include:
 to restrict and regulate the mistreatment and
utilization of natural resources, mainly non-
renewable natural resources;
 to regenerate degraded environment and to
renew natural resources (renewable);
 to control environmental degradation and
pollution;
 to reduce the impacts of extreme events and
natural disasters;
CONT.….
 to make optimum utilization of
natural resources by recycling and
reusing waste materials produced
from one activity to another
economically and
environmentally viable activity;

 to assess the impacts of proposed


projects and activities on the
environment;
CONT.….
 to review and revise the existing
technologies of production in terms of
their adverse effects on the environment;
and
 to formulate laws and regulations for the
implementation of environmental
protection and conservation programmes
to maintain the environmental quality ;
and
 awareness creation and Environmental
Education
2.3 COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
The components of environmental planning
and management may include four basic
aspects :
1. Planning and Management of resources;
2. Environmental impact assessment
3. Control of environmental degradation and
pollution.
4. Environmental perception, public awareness,
environmental education and training;
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT

 Urban area are engines of


development.
 Concentration of industry, also
Transport industry
 Concentration of population,
income/affluence, over-
consumption and poverty.
CONT.….
 Concentration of land use
and related conflicts, waste
generation and pollution.
 The need for control,
regulation, and monitoring
(management) of urban
development processes for
environmental sustainability
is imperative.
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT
The strategies of environmental
management may be formulated on two
considerations namely
(i) spatial consideration: local, regional,
national or international levels,
Concern for ozone depletion is different
at different regions of the world but it is
necessary to keep the whole world in
mind while attempting environmental
planning at any level.
 (ii) methodological consideration: Preservative
approach and Conservationist approach.

 Preservative ;-Protection from harm:


the guarding of something from
danger, harm, or injury
 maintenance unchanged: the
maintenance of something,
especially something of historic
value and environmental in an
unchanged condition
CONT.….
 Conservation of resources and
control of pollution are the
essential prerequisites for
environmental planning.
 Conservation does not mean
stoppage of development
activities; rather it adds value to
the available resources through
appropriate technology and,
thus, accelerates growth
2.5 PRINCIPLES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT
 Informed decision making
 Accountability for information on
which decisions are taken
 Accountability for decisions taken
 An open, participatory approach
in the planning of development
projects
 Consultation with interested and
affected parties
 Due consideration of alternative
 An attempt to mitigate negative impacts and
enhance positive aspects of development
proposals
 An attempt to ensure that the social costs of
proposals be outweighed by social benefits
to the community
 Democratic regard for individual rights and
obligations
 Compliance with these principles during all
stages of the planning, implementation and
decommissioning of projects and
 The opportunity for public and specialist
input in the decision making process
2.6 PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Several strategies can be used for the
purpose of environmental management.
Including

 Environmental planning and management


(EPM)-framework
 Local agenda .
 Strategic Environmental Assessment (sea)
 Strategic planning
 Action planning
CONT.….
 Environmental impact
assessment (EIA)
 Public private partnership
(ppp)
 Environmental legislation
 Communication techniques
 Financial instruments
 International Standard
Organization (ISO) standards,
 eco-labeling etc.
2.6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

EPM process or steps consist of

 Rapid Situation assessment and


consultation and Identification of
Issues
 Setting of Vision, goals, objectives
and guiding principle
 Strategy Formulation and Urban
environmental action plan
CONT.….
 Supporting Institutions, Laws,
regulations, guidelines,
Standards
 Implementation: Sustained
investment program
 Monitoring, Evaluation and
Review
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEW
Situation Analysis
and
Identification of
Issues
(problem definition)
Monitoring
Evaluation and
Review
Formulation of Vision,
Goals, Objectives and
Guiding Principles

Implementation
•Institutions,
•laws, Strategy Formulation
•Solutions development
•regulations, •Solutions comparison
•guidelines, •Strategy selection
•Action Plan
•standards
ASSIGNMENT I
What are the Roles of Environmental
lanner in planning and management of
ustainable environment?

Each of should individually.


Copying from each other scores zero
Submission date Friday Nov 13,2015
t class time
THANK YOU

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