EDGE

Channel Coding
for EGPRS
 Convolutional Codes
Bits in Bits out

Systematic rate ½ code with constraint length 7

Bits in
Bits out

Non-systematic rate ½ code with constraint length 7

•EDGE convolutional code is rate 1/3, non-systematic
code with constraint length 7
•Efficient decoder algorithms exist, - Viterby decoder
 Punctured Convolutional Codes
From conv.
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
Encoder

1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 Apply
puncturing

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Transmitted

Received &
-1.2 -0.5 -1.5 -2.0 +1.0 +1.3 +0.3 +1.3 -1.2 +2.2 Demodulated

Depunc-
-1.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.5 -2.0 0.0 +1.0 +1.3 +0.3 +1.3 0.0 -1.2 +2.2
tured
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
EGPRS: Modulation and Coding Schemes
Scheme Modu- Max. rate Data Header Family
lation kbps Code rate code rate
MCS-9 8PSK 59,2 1,0 A
MCS-8 54,4 0,92 0,36 A
MCS-7 44,8 0,76 B
MCS-6 29,6 / 27,2 0,49 A
0,33
MCS-5 22,4 0,37 B
MCS-4 GMSK 16,8 1,0 C
MCS-3 14,8 / 13,6 0,80 A
0,53
MCS-2 11,2 0,66 B
MCS-1 8,4 0,53 C
 GPRS / EGPRS Block Structure
MCS-5 RLC block 1 - 2 - 3 CRC
CRC
CRC
check
code rate check
check
Header
Header
Header Data
Data
Data
CRC
CRC
CRC OK
OK
0,37 OK

4 bursts
Frequency Hopping
f1
f2
f3
f4
f1 f2 f3 f4 freq
 GPRS / EGPRS Block Structure
MCS-9 RLC block 1 - 2 - 3
code rate Header Data
Header
Header Data
Data
CRC
CRC
CRC
1,0

4 bursts
Frequency Hopping
f1
f2
f3
f4
f1 f2 f3 f4 freq
 Two RLC Blocks per Radio Block
MCS-1 RLC block
: Header Data CRC

MCS-6

MCS-7 Two RLC blocks with one Header

: Header
Data CRC

MCS-9 Data CRC

EGPRS Link Quality Control (LQC)
• Combined Link Adaption (LA) and
Incremental Redundancy (IR) scheme

• Link Adaption: Modulation and

coding selected based on link quality
measurements MCS-1 to MCS-9

• Incremental Redundancy:
Robustness increased for every
retransmission through joint decoding
 Link Adaption Principle
Choose DL measurements Measure DL
MCS for performance
DL Report DL per-
Downlink TBF formance to BSS

Measure UL UL MCS Command Use UL

performance
MCS
Choose MCS according
for UL to
Uplink TBF command
Give UL command to MS
 8-PSK Block Error Rate
TU50 - FH - 8PSK - 900 MHz MCS-9
10 0

MCS-8
10 -1

BLER MCS-7
10 -2
MCS-6
MCS-5
10 -3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C/I  dB 
EGPRS throughput for different MCSs

Throughput = R x (1 -
Optimal LA
60 MCS-9
50
MCS-7
kb/s
40

30
MCS-5
20
MCS-3
10 MCS-1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
C/I  dB 
Channel Quality behaviour
Carrier/Interference ratio
Multipath propagation
Time dispersion
Velocity
Frequency Hopping

f1
f2
f3 f1 f2 f3 f4 freq
120 km/h
f4
 Link Quality Control Measurements
Bit Error Probability (BEP) C/I, multipath propagation,
estimated on burst level time dispersion, velocity
Variation co-efficient of BEP Velocity, frequency hopp.

Burst 1 Burst 2 Burst 3 Burst 4

Radio
Block BEP est 1 BEP est 2 BEP est 3 BEP est 4

MEAN_BEP & CV_BEP

Block n Block n+1 Block n+2 Channel Quality Report

MEAN_BEP n MEAN_BEP n+1 MEAN_BEP n+2 MEAN_BEP_AV

CV_BEP n CV_BEP n+1 CV_BEP n+2 CV_BEP_AV
 IR Principle - Generel
Data

Low Rate Code - e.g. 1/3

Encoded Data
1 st Block Identity-
transmission increment
robustly coded
1 st

increment
2 st

Header

Data
field
 IR in EGPRS
Data

Rate 1/3 Convolutional code

Convolutional Encoded Data

Transmitter
Puncturing Puncturing Puncturing
pattern 1 pattern 2 pattern 3
Transmission # 1 Transmission # 2 Transmission # 3

Receiver
Soft bits # 1 Soft bits # 2 Soft bits # 3

RLC Block
 EGPRS: Code Rates
Scheme Modu- Max. rate R1 R1 + R2 R1 + R2 + R3
lation kbps Code rate Code rate Code rate
MCS-9 8PSK 59,2 1,0 0,5 0,33
MCS-8 54,4 0,92 0,46 0.31 *
MCS-7 44,8 0,76 0,38 0,25 *
MCS-6 29,6 0,49 0,24 * -
MCS-5 22,4 0,37 0,19 * -
MCS-4 GMSK 16,8 1,0 0,5 0,33
MCS-3 14,8 0,85 0,42 0,28 *
MCS-2 11,2 0,66 0,33 -
MCS-1 8,4 0,53 0,26 * -

*) indicate that some repetition is made.

kb/s IR and LA performance
60
MCS-9 IR
50
MCS-9 no IR
40
MCS-7 no IR

30 MCS-6 no IR
20 MCS-5 no IR

10 MCS-1 no IR

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C/I  dB 
 Principle of operation, MCS-6
3 bits 32 bits 612 bits

USF RLC/MAC CRC FBI E Data 74 octets = 592 bit BCS TB

Rate 1/3 concolutional coding

36 bits 96 bits 1836 bits

Puncturing

SB=4 36 bits 96 bits 1256 bits 1256 bits

P1 P2
SB=4 36 bits 96 bits 1256 bits
P2

Burst 1 Burst 2 Burst 3 Burst 4

1392 bit = 348 bit / burst

 EGPRS Decoding process
Train.
Data SF seq. SF Data Header
57 1 26 1 57 Data
field
Read

/2 Read Decode
3/8
MCS  and PS
•Decide modulation
Stealing data
8-PSK (blind
field detection)
GMSK info
•Decide bits
Decode header format (stealing bits)
header:
Decode data, possibly
Decide modulation together
(blind with
detection):
Decide
••Read header
Decode
previous MCS format
headerand(read
transmissions (stealing
puncturing
ifMCS
IR is bits)
scheme
and
used.PS)
/2 derotation + channel estimation
•for
3/8 data field. possibly
 derotation
Decode data, + channeltogether with
estimation
•The block
•previous
choose best identity
signal (TFI)
= and Uplink
State Flagtransmissions
(USF) is also if
inIRtheis used
header.
GMSK or 8-PSK modulation
 Multiplexing EGPRS & GPRS
max.Radio
360 ms Blocks in Downlink
PCU DL
BSC

US

USF
USF F
EGPRS 8-PSK Block
EGPRS GMSK Block
EGPRS GPRS
GPRS Block
Control Block CS-1 coded

”Old”
ControlGPRS terminals
Blocks can only decode
with information for
GPRS blocksand
both GPRS- (CS-1 to CS-4), but theare
EGPRS-terminals can
read USF from EGPRS / GMSK blocks.
CS1 coded.