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Lecture 4

This document discusses different types of gear trains including simple, compound, reverted, and epicyclic gear trains. It provides details on the configuration and motion of each type. For epicyclic gear trains specifically, it describes how one or more gears can move in relation to a fixed axis, and explains their use for transmitting motion with high velocity ratios using moderately sized gears in a compact space. Algebraic and tabular methods are presented for analyzing the motion ratio in epicyclic gear trains.

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Hassan Ali
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
68 views28 pages

Lecture 4

This document discusses different types of gear trains including simple, compound, reverted, and epicyclic gear trains. It provides details on the configuration and motion of each type. For epicyclic gear trains specifically, it describes how one or more gears can move in relation to a fixed axis, and explains their use for transmitting motion with high velocity ratios using moderately sized gears in a compact space. Algebraic and tabular methods are presented for analyzing the motion ratio in epicyclic gear trains.

Uploaded by

Hassan Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture’s Content

• Gear Trains: Simple gear trains, Compound gear


trains for large speed reduction, Epicyclic gear trains
• Algebraic and tabular methods of finding velocity
ratio of epicyclic gear trains.
• Tooth load and torque calculations in epicyclic gear
trains.

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Introduction
• Sometimes, two or more gears are made to mesh
with each other to transmit power from one shaft to
another. Such a combination is called gear train or
train of toothed wheels.
• The nature of the train used depends upon the
velocity ratio required and the relative position of
the axes of shafts.
• A gear train may consist of spur, bevel or spiral gears.

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Types of Gear Trains
• Following are the different types of gear trains, depending upon
the arrangement of wheels :
1. Simple gear train
2. Compound gear train
3. Reverted gear train
4. Epicyclic gear train
• In the first three types of gear trains, the axes of the shafts over
which the gears are mounted are fixed relative to each other.
• But in case of epicyclic gear trains, the axes of the shafts on which
the gears are mounted may move relative to a fixed axis.

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Simple Gear Train
• When there is only one gear on each shaft, as shown in Fig., it is known as
simple gear train.
• The gears are represented by their pitch circles.
• When the distance between the two shafts is small, the two gears 1 and 2 are
made to mesh with each other to transmit motion from one shaft to the other,
as shown in Fig. (a).
• Since the gear 1 drives the gear 2, therefore gear 1 is called the driver and the
gear 2 is called the driven or follower.
• It may be noted that the motion of the driven gear is opposite to the motion
of driving gear.

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Compound Gear Train
• When there are more than one gear on a shaft, as shown in
Fig. , it is called a compound train of gear.
• We have seen that the idle gears, in a simple train of gears
do not effect the speed ratio of the system.
• But these gears are useful in bridging over the space
between the driver and the driven.

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Compound Gear Train ( Continued)
• But whenever the distance between the driver and the driven or
follower has to be bridged over by intermediate gears and at the
same time a great ( or much less ) speed ratio is required, then the
advantage of intermediate gears is increased by providing compound
gears on intermediate shafts.
• In this case, each intermediate shaft has two gears rigidly fixed to it
so that they may have the same speed.
• One of these two gears meshes with the driver and the other with
the driven or follower attached to the next shaft as shown in Fig.

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13
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Reverted Gear Train
• When the axes of the first gear (i.e. first
driver) and the last gear (i.e. last driven or
follower) are co-axial, then the gear train is
known as reverted gear train as shown in
Fig.
• We see that gear 1 (i.e. first driver) drives the
gear 2 (i.e. first driven or follower) in the
opposite direction.
• Since the gears 2 and 3 are mounted on the
same shaft, therefore they form a compound
gear and the gear 3 will rotate in the same
direction as that of gear 2.
• The gear 3 (which is now the second driver)
drives the gear 4 (i.e. the last driven or
follower) in the same direction as that of
gear 1. Thus we see that in a reverted gear
train, the motion of the first gear and the
last gear is like.
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• There are two major differences between
compound and reverted gear trains. First, the
input and output shafts of a reverted train
must be on the same axis (in a straight line
with one another). Second, the distance
between the centers of the two gears in each
pair must be the same.

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Epicyclic Gear Train
• In an epicyclic gear train, the axes of
the shafts, over which the gears are
mounted, may move relative to a
fixed axis.
• A simple epicyclic gear train is
shown in Fig., where a gear A and
the arm C have a common axis at O1
about which they can rotate.
• The gear B meshes with gear A and
has its axis on the arm at O2, about
which the gear B can rotate.

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• If the arm is fixed, the gear train is simple and
gear A can drive gear B or vice- versa, but if
gear A is fixed and the arm is rotated about the
axis of gear A (i.e. O1), then the gear B is forced
to rotate upon and around gear A.
• Such a motion is called epicyclic and the gear
trains arranged in such a manner that one or
more of their members move upon and around
another member are known as epicyclic gear
trains (epi. means upon and cyclic means
around).
• The epicyclic gear trains may be simple or
compound.
• The epicyclic gear trains are useful for
transmitting high velocity ratios with gears of
moderate size in a comparatively lesser space.
• The epicyclic gear trains are used in the back
gear of lathe, differential gears of the
automobiles, hoists, pulley blocks, wrist
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watches etc.
Algebraic method

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Tabular method.
Consider an epicyclic gear train as shown in Fig.
• Let TA = Number of teeth on gear A, and TB = Number of
teeth on gear B.
• First of all, let us suppose that the arm is fixed. Therefore
the axes of both the gears are also fixed relative to each
other.
• When the gear A makes one revolution anticlockwise, the
gear B will make T A / TB revolutions, clockwise.

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Tabular method.
• when gear A makes + 1 revolution, then the gear B will make (– TA / TB)
revolutions. This statement of relative motion is entered in the first row of the
table.
• Secondly, if the gear A makes + x revolutions, then the gear B will make – x × TA /
TB revolutions. This statement is entered in the second row of the table. In other
words, multiply the each motion (entered in the first row) by x.
• Thirdly, each element of an epicyclic train is given + y revolutions and entered in the
third row.
• Finally, the motion of each element of the gear train is added up and entered in the
fourth row.

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Assignment 1
• Solve examples 13.3 – 13.12
• Solve exercise questions 1-10
• Theory of Machines, Khurmi
• Last Date: 01-10-2019

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