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Presentation On Pneumatic Structures

The document discusses pneumatic structures, which are membrane structures stabilized by internal air pressure. It provides three key points: 1) Pneumatic structures come in two main types - air-supported structures, which use a small positive pressure to support a membrane, and air-inflated structures, which use pressurized air within inflated building elements to stabilize load-bearing membranes. 2) Pneumatic structures have several advantages over conventional structures, including being lightweight, having large spans, providing safety, allowing for quick erection and dismantling, and having good natural light. 3) The document then discusses the materials used for pneumatic structures, classification methods, and general characteristics of these unique building technologies.

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104 views14 pages

Presentation On Pneumatic Structures

The document discusses pneumatic structures, which are membrane structures stabilized by internal air pressure. It provides three key points: 1) Pneumatic structures come in two main types - air-supported structures, which use a small positive pressure to support a membrane, and air-inflated structures, which use pressurized air within inflated building elements to stabilize load-bearing membranes. 2) Pneumatic structures have several advantages over conventional structures, including being lightweight, having large spans, providing safety, allowing for quick erection and dismantling, and having good natural light. 3) The document then discusses the materials used for pneumatic structures, classification methods, and general characteristics of these unique building technologies.

Uploaded by

sankhyansb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation on stress

analysis of pneumatic
structures
By: Shashi Bhushan sankhyan
ME (MACHINE DESIGN)
PNEUMATIC STRUCTURES

INTRODUCTION:
• Pneumatic structure is a membrane which carries load developed from
the tensile stresses.

• Its stabilization is done by prestressing the membrane either by:-


a) applying an external force which pulls the membrane taut

b) internal pressurizing if the membrane is volume enclosing.


such structures are called “pneumatic structures” .

• These structures can create artificial environments adaptable to human


use .

• The pneumatic forms are bound to increase in popularity, owing to the


tremendous freedom they provide to the architects in designing large free
Origin:

• The word pneumatic is derived from the Greek word


“pneuma”(meaning breath of air) ,thus these are the structure which
are supported by air.
“pneumatic structure” has been used by mankind for thousand of
years. But in the building technology it was introduced only about 40
years ago.

Principle:
1) Its principle is the use of relatively thin membrane supported by a
pressure difference.

2) Through increasing the inside air pressure not only the dead weight of
the space envelope is balanced, but the membrane is stressed to a
point where it cannot be indented by asymmetrical loading .
General Characteristics:
• LIGHT WEIGHT
• SPAN
• SAFETY
• THEFT
• HUMAN HEALTH
• QUICK ERECTION AND DISMANTLING
• ECONOMY
• GOOD NATURAL LIGHT
TYPES OF PNEUMATIC STRUCTURES:
a) Air supported structures b) Air –inflated structures

AIR – SUPPORTED STRUCTURES:

It consist of a single membrane(enclosing a functionally useful space)


which is supported by a small internal pressure difference. The internal
volume of a building air is consequently at a pressure higher than
atmospheric. the air supported structure uses a low positive pressure to
support a membrane over a given area. air must be supplied constantly
because of the continuous leakage, primarily through the buildings used
most often because of:
. their relatively low cost
. their simplicity of design and fabrication
AIR – INFLATED STRUCTURE:

It is supported by pressurized air contained within inflated building


element. the internal volume of building air remains at atmospheric
pressure. the pressurized air in the pillow serves only to stabilizing the
load carrying membrane . the covered space is not pressurized .

Advantages of air- inflated / air frame structure :-


. the ability for self support
. the potential to support an attached structure
CLASSIFICATION OF PNEUMATIC STRUCTURES:
1)TYPE OF DIFFRENTIAL PRESSURE
2)DEGREE OF DIFFRENTIAL PRESSURE
3)TYPE OF SURFACE CURVATURE
4)PROPORTIONS

1)TYPE OF DIFFRENTIAL PRESSURE:

Pneumatic structures use either


positive pressure or negative pressure.

In (+) pressure system, the membrane


is always curved outwards, whereas in
negative pressure systems the membrane is curved inward
being curved inwards there is a tendency of water logging & snow
accumulation .
moreover, negative pressure systems require high supports at the
edge or in the centre which makes it more expensive.
2. DEGREE OF DIFFERNTIAL PRESSURE:-

LOW PRESSURE SYSTEMS:


These systems are provided with
low pressure air ;hence have to
be provided with continuous supply
of air.eg-air supported structures.
HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEMS:
Used for easy erection & dismantling
; the pressure difference is b/w
2000-7000mm of water pressure
(100 to 1000 times) low pressure
systems. These high pressure air
inflated systems are either having
a single valve system or a double
valve systems which avoids it’s
collapse.
MATERIALS
isotropic:

These show the same strength and stretch in


all directions. examples are:-

• Plastic films: these are primarily produced from PVC,


poly ethylene, polyester, polyamide etc.
• Fabrics: these may be made of glass fibres or synthetic
fibres which are coated in a PVC, polyester or
polyurethane film.
• Rubber membrane: they are the lightest and most
flexible.
• Metal foils: they possess a very high gas diffusion resistance
and high tensile strength . one of the major problems in the
use of metal foils is in need to produce very exact cutting
patterns
ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS:
these do not show the same strength and stretch ability in all directions. they have
direction oriented properties. examples are:

WOVEN FABRICS: they have two main direction of weave.


they can be made of:-
. organic fibres e.g.:- wool, cotton or silk.
. mineral fibres e.g.:- glass fibres.
. metal fibres e.g.:- thin steel wires.
. synthetic fibres e.g.:- polyamide, polyester and polyvinyl.

GRIDDED FABRIC:-these are coarse-weave made of organic mineral or synthetic fibres


or metallic networks. they are particularly used where maximum light transmission
and high strength is required.

SYNTHETIC RUBBER:- combination of plastic and rubber.


they can take better wear and tear. they are latest and are
more resistant to elongation.

PLASTICS:- like woven fabrics. its advantage is that they have more of tensile strength
than normally manufactured plastic sheets.
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR

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