OBJECTIVES
Upon successful completion of this
chapter, the student will be able to:
•Perform calculations for adult
and pediatric intravenous infusions.
•Perform calculations for
intravenous additives.
•Perform rate-of-flow calculations
for intravenous fluids.
•Utilize correctly rate-of-flow tables
and nomograms
DEFINITIONS:
Injections sterile pharmaceutical solution or
suspensions of a drug substance in an aqueous
or non-aqueous vehicle administered by
needle into almost any part of the body.
–What are the common sites of injections?
–What are the different types of formulations?
–How are some injections available?
–Define parenteral. What routes of injections
does it include?
IV push = IV Stat = Bolus
–Rapid injection of IV medication
EXAMPLES OF IV INFUSION
SOLUTIONS
Sterile, aqueous preparations
administered intravenously in
relatively large volumes used to
extend blood volume and/or provide
electrolytes, nutrients, or
medications.
Different types of
Infusions
Continuous Infusion: Large volume of fluid that
are run into a vein uninterrupted
Intermittent Infusion: scheduled administration of
infusion
Infusion Time
Volume of infusion in ml
Flow rate in ml/hr
RATE OF FLOW
Can be ml/min, drops/min, mg/hr
Rate of flow (drops/min)
Vol. infusion (ml) x Drip set (drops/ml)
Time (min)
Example
What will be the grams each of
dextrose and sodium chloride used to
prepare a 100-mL bag of D51 ⁄ 2 NS for
intravenous infusion?
Example
If 200 mg of drug are added to a 500
ml bag, what is the rate of flow, in
ml/hr, deliver 500 mcg of drug/hr?
Example
Calculate the daily infusion volume
of
D10W to be administered to a neonate
weighing 4 lb. on the basis of 80 mL
/ kg / day.
Infusion set delivers 60 drops/mL at
20 drops per minute, calculate the
total time of infusion.
Example
A medication order calls for 1000 mL
of D5W to be administered over an 8-
hour period. Using an IV
administration set that delivers 10
drops/mL, how many drops per
minute should be delivered to the
patient?
Example
Doctor orders 1 L of NS infuse at 200
ml/hr. You start 8:00 am. When will
infusion ends?
Example
MD orders the following IV
prescription for a patient weighing
176 lbs.
Drug B 7000 mcg/kg in 50 mL IV bag.
Drug B is available in 150 mg/ml
vial.
Infusion rate: 0.64 ml/min every 6
hours.
Please answer the following
questions; a) How many mg of drug B
Example
b) How many mL of reconstituted Drug B
solution should be withdrawn to be added to
one IV bag?
c) How many milligrams of Drug B will the
patient receive in 24 hours?
d) How many hours will it take to completely
administer the IV bag?
e) Calculate the infusion rate in ml/hr.
f) Using an IV set, which delivers 23 drops per
ml, what rate (drop/min) should be
administered?
Example
A medication order calls for 1500 ml
of a normal saline intravenous to be
administered over a 10 hr period.
Using an intravenous administration
set that delivers 15 drops/ ml, how
many drops/hr should be delivered to
the patient.
Example
An injection contains 5 mg each 2 ml.
if a physician prescript a dose of 2.5
mg to be administered to a hospital
patient four times a day, how many
ml of injection will be required over a
3 day period?
Example
MD orders Digoxin 0.125 mg IV stat.
The vial is labeled 500 mcg/2 ml.
How many ml will you give perdose?
Example
If an intravenous fluid is adjusted to
deliver 50 mg of medication to a
patient per hour, how many mg of
medication are delivered every 15
seconds?
Example
A patient receives a solution by
intravenous infusion at a rate of 36
drops/min. How many much solution
is infused in 3h if the infusion set
delivers 30 drops/ml?
Example
Dobutamine is being administered at
a rate of 20 mcg/kg/min to a 154 lbs
patient. If 10ml 10 % dobutamine is
placed in 490 ml of NS and the IV drip
set is calibrated to provide 30 drops/L
how many drops per minute is
administered to the patient?
Example
A patient weighing 110 pounds is
started on esmolol IV infusion at a
rate of 2 mcg/kg/min. Esmolol was
prepared by reconstituting a 5 ml
vial of it containing 120 mg of
esmolol and then adding half of the
vial to a 500 ml IV bag. What is the
infusion rate be in terms of ml/min?
Example
A patient receives 500 ml dopamine
hydrochloride with a drip rate is 20
mcg/kg/min. The patient weighs 154
lb. The pharmacy has dopamine hcl
premixed in concentration of 3.2
mg/ml in D5W. How many ml/min
should be the rate to program the
infusion pump
Example
An IV order is placed as follows: 1
gram of Cefazolin in a 500 cc IV bag
of normal saline infused over one
hour Q8 hours. What is the flow rate
in mg /min if it is infused over one
hour?
Example
. In calibrating a medical dropper, 2
mL of a pediatric solution resulted in
48 drops. If it is desired to administer
0.08 mL of the medication to a baby,
approximately how many drops
should be given?
Example
Doctor orders: 2L of D51/2 NS w/50
mEq KCL over 48 hrs. Drip factor: 15
gtt/mL.
How many drops are administered
per minute?
Example
A Heparin infusion at 18 units/kg/hr.
The patient weighs 130 lbs. You have
500 ml bag of Heparin that reads 25
000 units /500 ml. You start the
infusion at 2: 00 pm. What time will
the infusion be complete?
Example
Doctor’s order says: Infuse 1500 ml
of LR over 12 hr.
Drip factor: 15 ggt/ml
How many drops per minute?
Example
A 68 kg patient is receive a drug in
standard concentration of 500
mg/750 ml of 1/2 NS running at 15
ml/hr. Calculate the dose in
mcg/kg/min.
Example
72 years old male patient weighs 130 kg and receives 0.25 mg/kg
per day of amphotericin B (0.2 mg/ml) by IV infusion. How much
ml solution is required to deliver the daily dose?
Example
A patient is receiving an infusion from a 500 ml bag containing a 0.5%
solution of drug S. The drug factor is calibrated at 12 gtt/ml and the
flow rate is set to 10 ggt/min. if the infusion run for 4 hours how much
of the active drug will the patient receive?
Example
A physician has order a patient to receive 2 mg/kg/hr of an iv drug
solution for
several hours. The requested drug solution is available in 500 ml bags
of 0.25%.
If the patient weights 151.8 lbs for how many full hours will one bag
supply the ordered infusion for?
Example
Doctor order says: 0.4 L of D5W in NS to infuse 0ver 3 hr.
Drip factor : 10 gtt/mL
How many drops per min?
Example
A patient is to receive a potassium
acetate (KC2H3O2) infusion prepared
by adding 10 ml of 39.2% KC2H3O2 to
0.45% NS to make 1L. The patient is
to receive the KC2H3O2 at 5 mEq/hr.
What rate in ml/hr will provide this
dose? MW=98
