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Modern World in Math: Reported by

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39 views32 pages

Modern World in Math: Reported by

Uploaded by

John Hernan Ceñido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter V :

Modern
World in Math
Reported by:
Nike Jeric Sta Maria Ocampo
Kathleen Teresa S. Epino
Trivia Time !
The only numbers can be
used in computer programs
is just two numbers,
Which is only 1 and 0
Until today.
That is why until today computer engineers and It graduates uses
this as codes to their programs and systems that is used in our
modern technology
• Null - having or associated with the value
zero.
• Boolean expression - is a logical statement
that is either TRUE or FALSE .Boolean
expressions can compare data of any type
as long as both parts of the
expression have the same basic data type.
• Extended Structured Query Language
(ESQL) is a programming language defined
by IBM®
 
Codes- is system of rules
to convert information
letter, word, sound, image
or gesture into another
form or representation
sometimes shortened or
secret for communication
through channel or
storage.
Binary codes - is
represent text, computer
processor instructions, or
other data using any two-
symbol system, but often
binary number system’s 0
and 1 the binary code
assigns a pattern of binary
digit (bits) to each
Integers in
computers
In computer science, an
integer is a datum of
integral data type, a
data type that
represents some finite
subset of the
Integral data types may
be of different sizes
and may or may not be
allowed to contain
negative values.
Integers are commonly
represented in a
computer as a group of
varies so the set of integer
sizes available varies
between different types of
computers. Computer
hardware, including virtual
machines, nearly always
provide a way to represent
a processor register or
memory address as an
Logic and Computer
Addition
Computer logic is an
aspect of computer
design concerning the
fundamental operations
and structures upon
which all computer
• It stores any kind of
data
• it can contain both
single byte & multi byte
characters that locale
supports

♦ SIMPLE LARGE
OBJECTS-
Text Column – has a limit
of
( 2 GB) and a practical limit
that a available disk storage
determines.
 
No more than 195 columns
of the same table can be
declared as text data types.
• same restriction to byte
Values – in a text column
can be
• Stored, Retrieved,
Updated, Deleted.

Text operands can be used


in Boolean Expressions only
when testing for null values
with the IS NULL or IS
NOT NULL operators.
The ff. methods can be
used to load rows or
update fields, to insert
text data:

• with dbload or onload


utilities
• with load statement
( DB- Access)
• from text host variables
A built in cast exist to
convert text obects to clob
objects. Strings of the text
data type are collated in
code-set order.

In selecting data in a text


column, either all can be
received or just only part of
it.
regular syntax for
selecting a column.
Any part of a text
column can be
selected using
subscripts.

to load this data in


blobtab table use the
LOAD FROM inp.txt
INSERT INTO blobtab;

Text operands cannot be


used in arithmethic or
strings expressions, nor
can assign literals to text
column in the set clause
of the update statement.
be used in any of
the ff . ways:
• with aggregate
functions
• with the in clause
• with the matches or like
clauses
• with the group by
clause
Errors
Computers don't make mistakes, as such, but they can make errors. When your laptop
crashes, it has gone into an error condition where it fails to run the computer code
effectively. If anything, the 'mistake' is that of the human who produced ineffective code or
faulty hardware.
Errors and Error
Correction
an errror is an action which
is inaccurate or incorrect.

Error Correction
Is the detection of errors and
reconstruction of the original,
error-free data.

ARQ- Automatic Repeat Request


ARQ- is an error
correction method uses
error-detection codes
and both positive and
negative
acknowledgement, it
makes the transmitter
resend the message.
Error-correcting
Or
Code ( ECC)
forward error correction
(FEC) is a method that involves
adding parity data bits to the
message

• a hybrid method that combines


both ARQ and FEC functionality is
alsp used for error correction.
Detecting
Error detection – most commonly
Codes
realized using a suitable hash
function or checksum algorith.

A hash function adds a fixed-


length tag a to a message,
enables receivers to verify the
delivered message by recomputing
the tag and the comparing with
the one provided.
Repetition
and
Hamming
Codes
Repetition
Is a special case of error-
correcting code, although
rather inefficient, a
repetition code is suitable
in some of error correction
and detection due to its
simplicity.
Hamming
  codes
Are a class of binary
linear codes. For each
integer r≥2 there is a
code woth block n=- 1
and message k=-r-1.
 

Hence the rate of


hamming codes is
R = = which is the
highest possible for
codes with minimum
distance of three.

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