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PFTransformations With Notes

This document discusses different types of transformations that can be made to parent functions: 1) Translations (shifts) move the graph up or down by adding or subtracting a number. Examples include shifting the parabola y=x^2 up by adding 3 or shifting it down by subtracting 5. 2) Reflections flip the graph across the x-axis by multiplying the function by -1. For example, y=-x^2 reflects the parabola y=x^2 across the x-axis. 3) Stretches narrow or compress the graph closer to or further from the y-axis by multiplying the function by a number greater than or less than 1.

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Anastasiya Markova
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34 views11 pages

PFTransformations With Notes

This document discusses different types of transformations that can be made to parent functions: 1) Translations (shifts) move the graph up or down by adding or subtracting a number. Examples include shifting the parabola y=x^2 up by adding 3 or shifting it down by subtracting 5. 2) Reflections flip the graph across the x-axis by multiplying the function by -1. For example, y=-x^2 reflects the parabola y=x^2 across the x-axis. 3) Stretches narrow or compress the graph closer to or further from the y-axis by multiplying the function by a number greater than or less than 1.

Uploaded by

Anastasiya Markova
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformations to Parent

Functions
Translation (Shift)

A vertical translation is made on a function


by adding or subtracting a number to the
function.
Example: y = x + 3 (translation up)
Example: y = x² - 5 (translation down)

A translation up is also called a vertical shift


up.
A translation down is also called a vertical
shift down.
Example: y = |x| + 2

Parent function (y = |x|) shown on graph in


red.

The transformation
of the parent
function is shown in
blue. It is a shift up
(or vertical
translation up) of 2
units.)
Example: y = x - 1

Parent function (y = x) shown on graph in


red.

The transformation
of the parent
function is shown in
blue. It is a shift
down (or vertical
translation down) of
1 unit.
Reflection

A reflection on the x-axis is made on a


function by multiplying the parent function
by a negative.
Multiplying by a negative “flips” the graph of
the function over the x-axis.

Example: y = -x² is a reflection of the parent


function y = x².
Example: y = - x²

The reflection of
the parent
function is shown
in blue. It is a
reflection over the
x-axis of the
function y = x²
Stretch

A stretch is made on a parent function by


multiplying the parent function by a number
x such that
|x| > 1.
Example: y = 3x²
A stretch is also referred to as a narrowing of
the graph of the function closer to the y-axis.
Example: y = 2x

The blue line


shows the
graph of the
stretch of the
parent
function,
y = 2x, by a
scale factor of
2.
Shrink

A shrink is made on a function by multiplying


the parent function by a number x such that
0 < |x| < 1.

Example: y = (½) x.

A shrink is also referred to as a widening of


the graph of the function closer to the x-axis.
Example: y = (¼) x

The blue line


shows the graph
of the shrink of
the parent
function, y =
(¼)x,
¼) by a scale
factor of ¼.
What happens when we2combine the two (blue is parent function)?
y  ( x  6)  2

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