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Data Int TBL

This document provides examples of how to declare and use different ABAP data types and objects including elementary data objects, local data types, structures, internal tables, and examples of reading from and writing to database tables using SELECT and INSERT/UPDATE statements.

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35 views19 pages

Data Int TBL

This document provides examples of how to declare and use different ABAP data types and objects including elementary data objects, local data types, structures, internal tables, and examples of reading from and writing to database tables using SELECT and INSERT/UPDATE statements.

Uploaded by

Lê Hải Quân
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ABAP Data/Internal

Tables

ITP 321
Anthony Borquez & Jim Graver
Examples of Data Types and Objects

This example shows how to declare elementary data


objects with reference to predefined ABAP types.

PROGRAM demo_elementary_data_objects.
DATA text1(20) TYPE c.
DATA text2     TYPE string.
DATA number    TYPE i.
text1 = 'The number'.
number = 100.
text2 = 'is an integer.'.
WRITE: text1, number, text2.
This example shows how to declare local elementary
data types within a program.

REPORT demo_types_statement.
TYPES mytext(10) TYPE c.
TYPES myamount   TYPE p DECIMALS 2.
DATA text        TYPE mytext.
DATA amount      TYPE myamount.
text = ' 4 / 3 = '.
amount = 4 / 3 .
WRITE: text, amount.
This example shows how to declare structures.
REPORT demo_structure.
TYPES: BEGIN OF name,
         title(5)       TYPE c,
         first_name(10) TYPE c,
         last_name(10)  TYPE c,
       END OF name.
TYPES: BEGIN OF mylist,
         client         TYPE name,
         number         TYPE i,
       END OF mylist.
DATA list TYPE mylist.
list-client-title = 'Lord'.
list-client-first_name = 'Howard'.
list-client-last_name = 'Mac Duff'.
list-number = 1.
WRITE list-client-title.
WRITE list-client-first_name.
WRITE list-client-last_name.
WRITE / 'Number'.
WRITE list-number.
Reading Data 
Clause Description

SELECT <result> The SELECT clause defines the structure of the data you want to read,
that is, whether one line or several, which columns you want to read,
and whether identical entries are acceptable or not.
INTO <target> The INTO clause determines the target area <target> into which the
selected data is to be read.

FROM <source> The FROM clause specifies the database table or view <source> from
which the data is to be selected. It can also be placed before the INTO
clause.
WHERE <cond> The WHERE clause specifies which lines are to be read by specifying
conditions for the selection.

GROUP BY <fields> The GROUP-BY clause produces a single line of results from groups
of several lines. A group is a set of lines with identical values for each
column listed in <fields>.
HAVING <cond> The HAVING clause sets logical conditions for the lines combined
using GROUP BY.

ORDER BY <cond> The ORDER-BY clause defines a sequence <fields> for the lines
resulting from the selection.
Reading certain columns of a single line:

DATA WA TYPE SPFLI.


SELECT SINGLE CARRID CONNID CITYFROM CITYTO
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF WA
FROM   SPFLI
WHERE  CARRID EQ 'LH' AND CONNID EQ '0400'.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
  WRITE: / WA-CARRID, WA-CONNID, WA-
CITYFROM, WA-CITYTO.
ENDIF.
Reading particular columns of more than one line:

DATA: ITAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SPFLI,


      WA LIKE LINE OF ITAB.
SELECT CARRID CONNID CITYFROM CITYTO
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB
FROM   SPFLI
WHERE  CARRID EQ 'LH'.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
  LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
    WRITE: / WA-CARRID, WA-CONNID, WA-
CITYFROM, WA-CITYTO.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
Reading all columns of more than one line:

DATA WA TYPE SPFLI.


SELECT *
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF WA
FROM   SPFLI
WHERE  CARRID EQ 'LH'.
  WRITE: / SY-DBCNT,
           WA-CARRID, WA-CONNID, WA-
CITYFROM, WA-CITYTO.
ENDSELECT.
Specifying Columns Dynamically

DATA: ITAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SPFLI,


      WA LIKE LINE OF ITAB.
DATA: LINE(72) TYPE C,
      LIST LIKE TABLE OF LINE(72).
LINE = ' CITYFROM CITYTO '.
APPEND LINE TO LIST.
SELECT DISTINCT (LIST)
       INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE
ITAB
       FROM SPFLI.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
  LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
    WRITE: / WA-CITYFROM, WA-CITYTO.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
Specifying Internal Tables
When you read several lines of a database table, you can place them in an
internal table. To do this, use the following in the INTO clause:

SELECT ... INTO|APPENDING [CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF] TABLE


<itab>[PACKAGE SIZE <n>] ...

The same applies to the line type of <itab>, the way in which the data for a line
of the database table are assigned to a table line, and the CORRESPONDING
FIELDS addition as for flat work areas (see above).

The internal table is filled with all of the lines of the selection. When you use
INTO, all existing lines in the table are deleted. When you use APPENDING;
the new lines are added to the existing internal table <itab>. With APPENDING,
the system adds the lines to the internal table appropriately for the table type.
Fields in the internal table not affected by the selection are filled with initial
values.
This example shows how to define an internal table.
PROGRAM demo_internal_table.
TYPES: BEGIN OF mytext,
         number TYPE i,
         name(10) TYPE c,
       END OF mytext.
TYPES mytab TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF mytext WITH
DEFAULT KEY.
DATA text TYPE mytext.
DATA itab TYPE mytab.
text-number = 1. text-name = 'John'.
APPEND text TO itab.
text-number = 2. text-name = 'Paul'.
APPEND text TO itab.
text-number = 3. text-name = 'Ringo'.
APPEND text TO itab.
text-number = 4. text-name = 'George'.
APPEND text TO itab.
LOOP AT itab INTO text.
  WRITE: / text-number,text-name.
ENDLOOP.
Flat structure as target area

DATA WA TYPE SPFLI.


SELECT *
INTO   WA
FROM   SPFLI.
  WRITE: / WA-CARRID ...
ENDSELECT.
This example uses a flat structure with the same data
type as the database table SPFLI as the target area in a
SELECT loop. Within the loop, it is possible to address
the contents of the individual columns.

DATA SPFLI TYPE SPFLI.


SELECT *
FROM   SPFLI.
  WRITE: / SPFLI-CARRID ...
ENDSELECT.
Internal table as target area

DATA: BEGIN OF WA,


         CARRID   TYPE SPFLI-CARRID,
         CONNID   TYPE SPFLI-CONNID,
         CITYFROM TYPE SPFLI-CITYFROM,
         CITYTO   TYPE SPFLI-CITYTO,
      END OF WA,
      ITAB LIKE SORTED TABLE OF WA
                WITH NON-UNIQUE KEY CITYFROM CITYTO.
SELECT CARRID CONNID CITYFROM CITYTO
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB
FROM   SPFLI.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
  WRITE: / SY-DBCNT, 'Connections'.
  SKIP.
  LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
    WRITE: / WA-CARRID, WA-CONNID, WA-CITYFROM, WA-
CITYTO.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
Reading packets into an internal table

DATA: WA   TYPE SPFLI,


      ITAB TYPE SORTED TABLE OF SPFLI
                WITH UNIQUE KEY CARRID CONNID.
SELECT CARRID CONNID
FROM   SPFLI
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB
       PACKAGE SIZE 3.
  LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
    WRITE: / WA-CARRID, WA-CONNID.
  ENDLOOP.
  SKIP 1.
ENDSELECT.
Single fields as target area:

DATA:   AVERAGE TYPE P DECIMALS 2,


        SUM     TYPE P DECIMALS 2.
SELECT AVG( LUGGWEIGHT ) SUM( LUGGWEIGHT )
INTO   (AVERAGE, SUM)
FROM   SBOOK.
WRITE: / 'Average:', AVERAGE,
       / 'Sum    :', SUM.
Using aliases:

DATA: BEGIN OF LUGGAGE,


        AVERAGE TYPE P DECIMALS 2,
        SUM     TYPE P DECIMALS 2,
      END OF LUGGAGE.
SELECT AVG( LUGGWEIGHT ) AS AVERAGE
SUM( LUGGWEIGHT ) AS SUM
INTO   CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF LUGGAGE
FROM   SBOOK.
WRITE: / 'Average:', LUGGAGE-AVERAGE,
       / 'Sum    :', LUGGAGE-SUM.
Adding single lines

TABLES SPFLI.
DATA WA TYPE SPFLI.
WA-CARRID = 'LH'.
WA-CITYFROM = 'WASHINGTON'.
...
INSERT INTO SPFLI VALUES WA.
WA-CARRID = 'UA'.
WA-CITYFROM = 'LONDON'.
...
INSERT SPFLI FROM WA.
SPFLI-CARRID = 'LH'.
SPFLI-CITYFROM = 'BERLIN'.
...
INSERT SPFLI
Udpating Data

TABLES SPFLI.
DATA WA TYPE SPFLI.
MOVE 'AA' TO WA-CARRID.
MOVE '0064' TO WA-CONNID.
MOVE 'WASHINGTON' TO WA-CITYFROM.
...
UPDATE SPFLI FROM WA.
MOVE 'LH' TO SPFLI-CARRID.
MOVE '0017' TO SPFLI-CONNID.
MOVE 'BERLIN' TO SPFLI-CITYFROM.
...
UPDATE SPFLI.

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