Scribd
Upload
62 views20 pages

Transmition Lines: Presented by

This document summarizes transmission lines and how electricity reaches homes. It discusses that transmission lines carry power over long distances with minimum losses using conductors like overhead lines and underground cables. Overhead lines are cheaper but can be affected by weather, while underground cables are more expensive to install but safer and not impacted by the environment. The document also provides classifications of transmission lines and cables as well as factors to consider in deciding the type of line to use.

Uploaded by

Lal Chand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
62 views20 pages

Transmition Lines: Presented by

This document summarizes transmission lines and how electricity reaches homes. It discusses that transmission lines carry power over long distances with minimum losses using conductors like overhead lines and underground cables. Overhead lines are cheaper but can be affected by weather, while underground cables are more expensive to install but safer and not impacted by the environment. The document also provides classifications of transmission lines and cables as well as factors to consider in deciding the type of line to use.

Uploaded by

Lal Chand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

TRANSMITION LINES

Presented By:
Lal Chand
Om Parkash
Subject
Power Electronics
Faculty
DR zeeshan Shahid
Introduction:
The electrical power generated in the generating
station is transmitted with the help of
transmission lines. Transmission line is a
conductor or conductors designed to carry
electricity or an electrical signal over large
distances with minimum losses and distortion.
The parameters associated with these
transmission lines are inductance, capacitance,
resistance and conductance. These parameters
are uniformly distributed along the length of
transmission line.
Why transmission lines?

• In the past power generating plants were only able to


serve their local areas. Electricity did not far to travel
between where was generated and where was used.
Since then things has changed as power plants grew
further away from populated areas the need to
efficiently move electricity over long distance has
become more and more important. Stringing power
lines across the land scape to connect the power
plants may seem simple but engineering behind
these electrical super highway is more complicated
and fascinated than you might think.
Factors to be considered while
deciding transmission line:

• Type and size of the conductor


• Efficiency of transmission
• Corona loss
• Power flow capability and stability
• Economic aspects
How does electricity reach our
homes?
• In power stations, large spinning turbines generate electricity,
powered by wind, coal, natural gas, or water (hydropower).
• The electrical current is sent through transformers, which increase
the voltage so the power can be pushed over long distances.
• The electrical charge is then carried by transmission lines held up
by large towers, which stretch across huge distances.
• From the transmission lines, the electricity reaches a substation,
where the voltage is lowered so it can be sent on smaller power
lines.
• The electricity is then sent through distribution lines to your
neighborhood. Smaller transformers lower the voltage again so
that the power is safe to use in our homes.
• The electricity connects to your house, where it passes through a
meter which measures the amount of electricity you use.
• Finally, the electricity travels through wires inside the walls to the
outlets and switches in your house - ready to power your devices!
Classification:

1. Overhead transmission lines


i. Short transmission lines
ii. Medium transmission lines
iii. Long transmission lines

2. Underground cables
 
Overhead Transmission Lines

• 1. Short transmission lines-


• Line voltage is less than 20KV
• Length of transmission line is upto about
50Km
• Capacitance effect is small or negligible
2- Medium transmission lines

• Line voltage is moderately high.


• It is greater than 20KV but less than 100KV.
• Length of lines is about 50 Km to 150Km.
3- Long transmission lines-

• Line voltage is very high (>100Km).


• Length of an overhead line is more than
150Km.
• Line constants are considered uniformly
distributed over the whole length of the line.
Advantages of overhead
transmission lines:
1. Cheaper to install and maintain than
underground cables.
2. Quicker to fix whenever fault develops.
3. They have large transmission capacity.
4. Good cooling conditions.
Disadvantages of overhead
transmission lines:

1. Difficult to be erected in the area


where the network is complex and
concentrate.
2. Not very safe to be erected in densely
populated area of the city.
3. Also is not beautiful.
4. Affected by environmental conditions
such as temperature, wind, rain etc
 
Underground transmission lines:
• Undergrounding is the replacement of overhead
cables providing electrical power or
telecommunications, with underground cables.
• In thickly populated areas, the use of overhead lines is
not practicable and electrical energy is transmitted
and distributes through underground cables.
• An underground cable is a conductor provided with
proper insulation.
• As voltage increases, the cost of insulation increases
and hence underground cables are restricted to low
and medium voltage distribution.
Classification of underground
cables:

• LT cables: Low-tension cables with a


maximum capacity of 1000V
• HT Cables: High-tension cables with a
maximum of 11KV
• ST cables: Super-tension cables with a
rating of between 22 KV and 33 KV
Laying of underground cables:

• DIRECT LAYING
• DRAW IN SYSTEM
• SOLID SYSTEM
Advantages of underground cables:

1. Low chances of developing faults.


2. Low maintenance cost.
3. Not influenced by environmental conditions.
4. More durable in comparison to overhead
transmission lines.
5. Underground cables are more safer for
mankind.
Disadvantages of underground
cables:

1. Very expensive. It costs four times the


overhead lines.
2. Repairing of underground cables is not easy
and it takes more time to repair than
overhead lines.
3. Maintenance cost is also very high.
Conclusion:

• Electricity flows in a closed circle, called a


circuit. To reach our homes, electricity travels
from power stations, through transmission
lines and distribution lines, until it flows into
the wires that power our devices.
video

You might also like