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Solving Quadratics by Factorising (1.02f)

This document covers various topics related to solving quadratics including: factorising quadratics, completing the square, using the quadratic formula, sketching quadratic graphs, solving quadratic inequalities, using the discriminant to determine the number of solutions, and identifying quadratics disguised as other expressions. It includes examples and exercises for each topic.

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122 views47 pages

Solving Quadratics by Factorising (1.02f)

This document covers various topics related to solving quadratics including: factorising quadratics, completing the square, using the quadratic formula, sketching quadratic graphs, solving quadratic inequalities, using the discriminant to determine the number of solutions, and identifying quadratics disguised as other expressions. It includes examples and exercises for each topic.

Uploaded by

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Solving quadratics by factorising (1.

02f)
Completing the square and
quadratic formula (1.02e) (2/3
lessons)
Quadratic graphs (1.02d)

Quadratic inequalities

The discriminant(1.02d)

Quadratics in disguise (1.02f)


Solving quadratics by factorising

Factorise

a. x2 + x - 20 (x+a)(x+b) such that a+b=1 and


axb=-20

b. 5x2 - 3x Always look for common factors


first!
c. 4x2 - 25 Difference of two squares a2-b2=(a+b)
(a-b)
d. 2x2 + 15x - 8
A quadratic function is of the form
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c , where a,b,c are constants and a ≠ 0

Solving a quadratic means finding the value(s) of x for which


ax2 + bx + c = 0

Remember to rearrange a quadratic equation to get it in this form before


solving it!
Example 1
 

A) (2x-3)2 = x+6

B) x = 2 +

C) = 1
Exercise
1

2
Answers 1
Answers 2
Completing the square 

Expand these brackets

A) (x + 3)(x - 2)
B) (x + 5)2
C) (x - 3)2

(a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab +
b2
Example 1

Put into brackets this expression: x2 + 8x


+ 16

Try:

A) x2 - 4x + 4
B) x2 + 20x + 100
C) x2 + 20x + 98

(a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab +
2
Examples: Completing the square

A) x2 -6x + 15

B) 5x2 - 20x +11

C) 4 + 6x - x2

Exercise
Answers
If you are told to give the solutions in exact form or to a certain degree of
accuracy, it ​usually means that factorising is probably not the best method
to use.
Example
2
Solve, by completing the square

A) x2 + 3x - 4 = 0

B) 3x2 - 12x - 1 = 0
Exercise
Answers
Worksheet (proving quad-formula cards)
Example 2

3x2 - 2kx + k - 5 =
0

Example 3

Solve and give your answer in simplified surd form.

√3x2 - 6x - 2√3 =
0
Exercise

1
2
3
4
5
6
Answers

1
2
3
4
5
6
Quadratic graphs (1.02d)
This graph has equation y = x2 + bx + c.

Name this graph

Give the coordinates of the ​y-


intercept

Give the coordinates of the ​x-


intercepts

Find the values of b and c.


• The graph of y = ax2 + bx + c is called parabola.

• The sign of a determines the shape of the graph.

if a > 0, positive quadratic if a < 0, negative


quadratic

• The y-intercept is (0,c).


• The x-intercepts are the solutions (or roots) of ax2 + bx
+ c = 0.

Two distinct real roots two x-intercepts

One repeated real root one x-intercept (turning point on


the x-axis)

No real roots no intersection with the x-axis

• From the completed square form y=p(x+q)2+r

you can find the coordinates of the turning point (-q,r).


This would be a maximum or a minimum.
Example 1
Sketch the graph of y=x2-6x+8, stating the coordinates of the interception with the
axes and of the turning point.

Example 2
Example 3
Find the equation of this graph in the form y = ax2 + bx
+ c.
Exercise

2
3

4
Answers

1 2

4
Quadratic inequalities
Exercise: Solve the following inequalities

1
2
3
4
5
6
Exercise: 
​
1​

2​
3​
The discriminant (1.02d)
Use the quadratic formula to solve each of the following.

A) x2 - 4x + 1 = 0

B) 2x2 - 4x + 2 = 0

C) x2 - 3x + 7 = 0

Which part of the quadratic formula determines the ​


number of solutions you will get?
The discriminant of y = ax2+bx+c is Δ=
b2 - 4ac
The discriminant determines the number of solutions of a
quadratic

Δ>0 two different real solutions

Δ=0 one repeated real solution

Δ<0 no real roots


Example 1

Find the discriminant of y = 3x2 + 5x - 7.

Hence state the number ​solutions of the given function.

Try:
Example
2
Find the values of m for which 2x2 -(m + 1)x + 5 - m = 0 has
two distinct real ​roots.

Example 3
Find the values of k for which y=kx2 -(k + 2)x + 3 = 0 is tangent to
the x-axis.
Exercise
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Answers
1
2

3
4
5
6
7
Quadratics in disguise (1.02f)

Write this expression as a power of


3.
 
4 1
9 × ÷3
27
Examples
Identify and use a suitable substitution!
Solve these equations.

A) x4 - 3x2 - 4 = 0

B) x3 + 8x-3 = 9

C) 4x – 10 x 2x + 16 = 0
Exercise
Answers
Exercise
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Answers
1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8

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