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03b - PL-SQL Fundamentals I - PL-SQL Blocks

This document discusses the structure and syntax rules of PL/SQL blocks. A PL/SQL block contains optional sections like DECLARE and EXCEPTION, but requires a BEGIN section to mark the start and an END section to mark the end. Within a block, comments can be added with either single line "--" or multi-line "/*" and "*/" markers. Individual PL/SQL statements must end with a semicolon, while section labels do not.

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aditya chauhan
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57 views7 pages

03b - PL-SQL Fundamentals I - PL-SQL Blocks

This document discusses the structure and syntax rules of PL/SQL blocks. A PL/SQL block contains optional sections like DECLARE and EXCEPTION, but requires a BEGIN section to mark the start and an END section to mark the end. Within a block, comments can be added with either single line "--" or multi-line "/*" and "*/" markers. Individual PL/SQL statements must end with a semicolon, while section labels do not.

Uploaded by

aditya chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Structure of PL/SQL Block

• PL/SQL instructions are contained within units


known as blocks.
• Some blocks are optional.
Section Require Description
d
DECLARE Declares internal program objects,
such as variables.
BEGIN  Marks the beginning of the program
logic.
Program  This is the actual PL/SQL and SQL
Logic statements.
EXCEPTION Marks the beginning of exception
logic.
END  Marks the end of the program logic.
Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I
Language Syntax Rules
• Commenting Code
• Like any programming language, you need to
be able to comment your code.
• In Line comment markers ‘- -’
BEGIN
-- Populate a table with 100 rows of test data.
FOR I IN 1..1000 LOOP
-- Include SQL DML statement
INSERT INTO employee (ssn, name)
VALUES (900000000 + I, ‘John Doe’);
…

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I


Language Syntax Rules
• Multi Line comment markers consist of
• beginning marker (/*)
• end marker (*/)

/*
Block comment outlined by the begin and end marks
*/
BEGIN
-- Populate a table with 100 rows of test data.
FOR I IN 1..1000 LOOP
INSERT INTO employee (ssn, name)
VALUES (900000000 + I, ‘John Doe’);

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I


Language Syntax Rules
• When writing PL/SQL code, remember the
following:
• Only one PL/SQL statement per line
• All execution statement must be terminated
with a semi-colon (;)
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..1000 LOOP
INSERT INTO employee (ssn, name)
VALUES (900000000 + I, ‘John Doe’);
END LOOP;
…

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I


Language Syntax Rules
• Statements that simply label a portion of
PL/SQL code are not terminated with the
semi-colon.
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..1000 LOOP
INSERT INTO employee (ssn, name)
VALUES (900000000 + I, ‘John Doe’);
END LOOP;
…

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I


Language Syntax Rules Overview
DECLARE This is optional,
but kept for
BEGIN completeness
This is a FOR I IN 1..1000 LOOP
standard
SQL statementINSERT INTO employee (ssn, name)
VALUES (900000000 + I, ‘John Doe’);
within PL/SQL
END LOOP; The COMMIT
Loop
COMMIT;
statement
EXCEPTION
executes after
WHEN OTHERS THEN the loop
In the event of an
ROLLBACK; error, all prior
execution is rolled
END;
/ back

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I


See it in action

Oracle 11g PL/SQL Fundamentals I

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