Key Concepts of Ethics

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ETHICS

Course Description:
Ethics deals with principles of ethical behavior in modern society at the
level of the person, society, and in interaction with the environment and
other shared resources. (CM() 20 s 2013)
Morality pertains to the standards of right and wrong that an individual
originally picks up from the community.
The course discusses the context and principles of ethical behavior in
modern society at the level of individual, society, and in interaction with
the environment and other shared resources.
The course also teaches students to make moral decisions by using
dominant moral frameworks and by applying a seven-step moral
reasoning model to analyze and solve moral dilemmas.
The course is organized according to the three (3) main elements of the
moral experience: (a) agent, including context — cultural, communal,
and environmental; (b) the act; and (c) reason or framework (for the
act).
This course includes the mandatory topic on taxation
Part i. Key
concepts
INTRODUCTION.
What are moral
standards, and how do
they differ from other
rules of lives?
What is a
moral
dilemma?
Why is freedom crucial
in our ability to make
moral decisions?
What is the advantage of
owning moral standards
(morality and ethics) over
merely abiding by moral
standards?
SESSION 1: LEARNING
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students must be able to:

1. Recall rules they have to follow


2. Explain why they have to follow rules
3. Differentiate between moral and non-moral standards
CLASS DISCUSSION
What rules do you find constricting?

1. at home?
2. in school?
3. in our society
Kinds of rules/norms
Technical
Societal
Aesthetics
Moral
What are moral
standards, and how do
they differ from other
rules of lives?
Rules
mandating
fair treatment
of all races
Rules that
give woman
equal rights
with men
Rules forcing
management to
treat workers
fairly
Rules prohibiting
parents from
abusing their
chidren
Moral standards deal
with matters that can
seriously injure or
benefit human beings
WHAT DISTINGUISHES MORAL
STANDARDS FROM AMORAL STANDARDS?
Its validity rest on
the adequacy of
reason to support
and justify them
Moral standards are
to be preferred to
other values,
including self-interest
What is the
importance of
having rules?
Rules are
important to
social beings
MORALITY
A dimension of human existence whereby man finds/confronts an ideal
vision, ideal state of perfection which he finds himself oriented towards
Elements/features
Action
Freedom
Norms
Universality
Obligations
Types of Freedom
Freedom to act
Freedom to choose any means
Freedom to follow or not the absolute goal
something
desirable,
useful or
significant
Part II: The
Moral Agent
Assignment:
Identify at least 5 local practices/actions that were the product of
culture

Or

Bring one cultural artifact


This section addresses
the following questions:
How does culture shape moral behavior?
Why should culture not be the ultimate determinant of values?
Is there a Filipino understanding of right and wrong? Why this
interpretation? What are its influences?
A. Culture in moral
behavior
Culture and its role in moral behavior
What is cultural relativism? Why is it not tenable in ethics?
Are there an Asian and a Filipino understanding of moral behavior
Strengths and weaknesses?
B. The moral agent:
Developing virtue as habit
How is a moral character developed? The circular relation of acts that
build character and acts that emanate from character
Moral development
The stages of moral development
How do we get to the highest level, conscience-based moral decisions?

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