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Group Technology

Group technology is a manufacturing technique that increases production efficiency by grouping similar parts into families based on their design and manufacturing characteristics. This allows a single production solution to be applied to all parts in a family, saving time and effort compared to producing each part individually. Key aspects of group technology include classifying parts into families using coding systems, arranging machines into cells dedicated to producing one part family, and implementing cellular manufacturing layouts where related machines are located together to facilitate continuous production flows.

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Sandeep Kumar
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329 views15 pages

Group Technology

Group technology is a manufacturing technique that increases production efficiency by grouping similar parts into families based on their design and manufacturing characteristics. This allows a single production solution to be applied to all parts in a family, saving time and effort compared to producing each part individually. Key aspects of group technology include classifying parts into families using coding systems, arranging machines into cells dedicated to producing one part family, and implementing cellular manufacturing layouts where related machines are located together to facilitate continuous production flows.

Uploaded by

Sandeep Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP TECHNOLOGY

Group Technology is the realization that many problems


are similar, and that by grouping similar problems, a
single solution can be found to a set of problems thus
saving time and effort.
Introduction

• Group technology was introduced by Frederick Taylor in 1919 as a


way to improve productivity.
• GT was introduced in GE (General Electric), Lockheed Missiles and Space
Co. and Boeing (Boeing is the world's largest aerospace company and
leading manufacturer of commercial jetliners and defense, space and
security systems in U.S.) and allowed them to deal with enormous problems
of classifying and designing hundreds of thousands of parts. GT was then
viewed as helping implement factory automation strategies and helps
maintain high quality levels along with profitable production.
• One of long term benefits of group technology is it helps to
implement a manufacturing strategy aimed at greater automation.
What is Group Technology?

• Group Technology also known as GT, is a manufacturing technology


where similar parts are collectively identified and grouped to use the
benefit of their relationship in design and as well as in production.
Or
• Group technology is a manufacturing technique and philosophy to
increase production efficiency by exploiting the “underlying sameness”
of component on the basis of shape, dimensions, process route, etc.

• The similar parts are grouped to form part families.


• Each and every family has similar design and manufacturing qualities.
• Example: A plant manufacturing 10,000 various parts could be capable
to arrange into 30 to 40 part families.
Key Definitions
• Cell:- A group of machines arranged to produce similar families of parts.
• Part family:- A group of parts having some similar attributes.
• Coding:-The process of assigning symbols to a part to reflect attributes of the part.
• Cluster analysis:-The process of sorting things into groups so the similarities are high
among members of the same group and low among members of different groups.
• Function layout:-Layout of machines in a factory such that machines of a specific type
are grouped together.
• Group layout:-Machines in a factory are arranged as cells.
• Line layout:- Machines in a factory are arranged in the sequence in which they are used.
The work content at each location is balanced so that materials can flow through in a
continuous manner.
• Process plan:- The detailed instructions for making a part. It includes such things as the
operations, machines, tools, feeds and speeds, tolerances, dimensions, stock removal,
time standards, and inspection procedures.
GT Cells

• As each member in a family have nearly processing activities,


collection of machines needed for processing of all part family
members leads to the most efficient method of manufacturing.
• This group or collection of machines is called as GT Cells and this
method of manufacturing is called as Cellular Manufacturing.
EXAMPLE:

Thirteen Parts with Similar Manufacturing


Process Requirements but Different
Design Attributes
FUNCTIONAL LAYOUTS ARE INEFFICIENT
GROUP TECHNOLOGY LAYOUT
CELLULAR LAYOUT
Part Family

• The collection of parts with similar design characteristics and


similar manufacturing characteristics is known as part family.
• The parts in a part family are different however the similarities
are good enough to classify them as one of the member of a
family.
• The various methods implemented for part family grouping are
visual inspection, coding and classification, and analysis of
production flow.
Part Classification and Coding System

• It concerns with identification of similarities with parts and it relates those


similarities in the form of code.
• The similarities could be design characteristics alone or manufacturing
characteristics alone or both characteristics.
• The part classification and coding system can be fallen into three
categories:
• System related to design characteristics (Basic External Shape, Basic Internal
Shape Material)
• System related to manufacturing Characteristics(major PROCESSES
• Minor Operations, Fixtures Needed), and
• System related to both design and manufacturing characteristics (Surface finish).
Coding Structure

• The coding system is comprised of series of symbols which is used to


identify the design and manufacturing characteristics of the parts.
• The symbols can be in the form of all alphabetic or all numeric or
the both.
• This arrangement of symbols is called as Coding Structure. It can be
divided into three types:
• Chain type Structure,
• Hierarchial Structure, and
• Hybrid Structure.
Advantages

• Maximizes the output,


• Less lead time,
• Less setting time,
• Reduced scrap, and
• Reduced material handling.
Conclusion

• Therefore by concluding, a plant implementing group technology


will obtain better overall control and better job satisfaction.
Thank You!!!

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