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M11 (NF)

This document discusses networking fundamentals and components. It describes the access layer as the entry point for end stations, the distribution layer for routing and aggregation, and the core layer for fast transport. It explains the OSI model layers and encapsulation. Network devices like hubs, switches, bridges and routers are examined in terms of their functions at the physical and data link layers for hubs and switches, and at the network layer for routers. Transport functions are also summarized. The document provides an overview of networking concepts.

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Wlgforever Nguyen
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29 views45 pages

M11 (NF)

This document discusses networking fundamentals and components. It describes the access layer as the entry point for end stations, the distribution layer for routing and aggregation, and the core layer for fast transport. It explains the OSI model layers and encapsulation. Network devices like hubs, switches, bridges and routers are examined in terms of their functions at the physical and data link layers for hubs and switches, and at the network layer for routers. Transport functions are also summarized. The document provides an overview of networking concepts.

Uploaded by

Wlgforever Nguyen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORKING

FUNDAMENTALS
Module 1
Defining components of the network

ICND v2.0—1-2
Defining components of the network (cont)

ICND v2.0—1-3
Hierarchy structure

ICND v2.0—1-4
Access Layer characteristics.

End station entry point to the network

ICND v2.0—1-5
Distribution Layer characteristics

• Access layer Aggregation point


• Routes traffic
• Broadcast/Multicast domain.
• Media translation.
• Security.
• Possible point for remote access. ICND v2.0—1-6
Core Layer characteristics.

• Fast transport to enterprise service.


• No packet manipulation.
ICND v2.0—1-7
Overview OSI MODEL

ICND v2.0—1-8
Role of Application layers

ICND v2.0—1-9
Role of Presentation layers

ICND v2.0—1-10
Role of Session layers

ICND v2.0—1-11
Role of data flow layers

ICND v2.0—1-12
ENCAPSULATION &
DE-ENCAPSULATION

ICND v2.0—1-13
SEGMENT

ICND v2.0—1-14
PACKET

ICND v2.0—1-15
FRAME

ICND v2.0—1-16
BIT

ICND v2.0—1-17
De-encapsulation

ICND v2.0—1-18
FUNCTIONS OF
LOWER LAYERS

ICND v2.0—1-19
Physical layer functions

ICND v2.0—1-20
Physical layer: ETHERNET/802.3

ICND v2.0—1-21
HUB – operate at physical layer

1. All devices in the same collision


domain.
2. All devices in the same broadcast
domain.
3. Device share the same bandwidth.
4. CSMA/CD in use.
5. More stations mean more collision

ICND v2.0—1-22
DATA LINK layer functions.

1. Physical source and destination addresses.


2. Higher layer protocol. (Service Access point) associated
with frame.
3. Network Topology.
4. Frame sequencing.
5. Flow control.
6. Connection-oriented or connectionless.
ICND v2.0—1-23
DATA LINK layer functions (cont).

ICND v2.0—1-24
DATA LINK layer functions(cont)

ICND v2.0—1-25
Switch and Bridges operate of data link layer.

1. Each segment has its own collision domain.


2. All segments are in a same broadcast domain.

ICND v2.0—1-26
Switch and Bridges operate of data link layer (c).

ICND v2.0—1-27
Switch and Bridges operate of data link layer (c).

ICND v2.0—1-28
Comparing Switching and Bridging.

ICND v2.0—1-29
Switches and traffic

ICND v2.0—1-30
Network layer functions.

1. Defines logical source and destination addresses associated


with a specific protocol
2. Defines paths through network.
3. Interconnects multiple data links.
ICND v2.0—1-31
Network layer functions.(cont).

ICND v2.0—1-32
Network layer functions.(cont).

ICND v2.0—1-33
Network layer functions.(cont).

• Logical addressing allows for hierachical network.


• Configuration required.
• Uses configured information to identify paths to networks
ICND v2.0—1-34
ROUTER: Operate at the Network layer
• Broadcast control.
• Multicast control.
• Optimal path
determination.
• Traffic management.
• Logiacl addressing.
• Connects to WAN services

ICND v2.0—1-35
Using Routers to provide remote access

ICND v2.0—1-36
Transport layer functions.

1. Distinguishes between upper layer applications.


2. Establishes end – to – end connectivity between
applications.
3. Defines flow control.
4. Provides reliable or unreliable service for date
transfer. ICND v2.0—1-37
Reliable transport layer functions.

ICND v2.0—1-38
LAN – Physical layer Implementations

ICND v2.0—1-39
Positioning Ethernet in the CAMPUS

ICND v2.0—1-40
Comparing Ethernet media requirements.

ICND v2.0—1-41
UTP

ICND v2.0—1-42
STRAIGHT - THROUGH

ICND v2.0—1-43
CROSSOVER

ICND v2.0—1-44
ICND v2.0—1-45

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