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Core Java: by Mr. Arun Kumar A

This document provides an overview of core Java concepts including: 1) It describes Java editions like J2SE, J2EE, J2ME and differences between JDK, JRE, JVM. 2) It covers Java features like platform independence, object oriented, interpreted etc. 3) It discusses Java naming conventions, keywords, identifiers, data types, operators, control structures and more fundamental concepts.

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154 views32 pages

Core Java: by Mr. Arun Kumar A

This document provides an overview of core Java concepts including: 1) It describes Java editions like J2SE, J2EE, J2ME and differences between JDK, JRE, JVM. 2) It covers Java features like platform independence, object oriented, interpreted etc. 3) It discusses Java naming conventions, keywords, identifiers, data types, operators, control structures and more fundamental concepts.

Uploaded by

arunkumar_a8131
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CORE JAVA

By
Mr. Arun Kumar A
JAVA
• What is JAVA?
• JAVA is a platform independent programming
language
• Inventors of JAVA
• James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, Patrick
Naughton
Editions of Java
• J2SE -> Java Standard Edition
• J2EE -> Java Enterprise Edition
• J2ME -> Java Micro Edition
Difference Between JDK,JRE,JVM
Features of java
• 1)Simple
• 2)Secured
• 3)Platform independent
• 4)Architecture Neutral
• 5)Object oriented
• 6)Interpreted
• 7)High performance
• 8)Distributed
• 9)Dynamic
• 10)Robust
• 11)MultiThreaded
• 12)Portable
What is Java
Naming Conventions in Java
• Package name starts with lower case and each and
every word starting letter in upper case
• Example -> package myPack;
• Classes and interfaces starts with upper case and each
and every word starting letter in upper case
• Example -> class MyClass{
• Methods and variables start with lower case and each
and every word starting letter in upper case
• Example -> void add(){
-> int a = 10;
What are keywords
• Reserved words meant specific to
programming language and not to be used for
any other purpose
Identifiers
• Used for identification what ever names we use
in programs comes under identifiers
• RULES
• It should start with character (either upper case
or lower case) special character such as
underscore(_) and dollar allowed
• Numbers allowed but cannot start with numbers
• No keywords are to be used as identifier
Java Data Types
Data Type Size Range of values Default Values
->byte 1 -2^7 to 2^7-1 0
->short 2 -2^15 to 2^15-1 0
->int4 -2^31 to 2^31-1 0
->long 8 -2^63 to 2^63-1 0
->float 4 single precision 0.0
->double 8 double precision0.0
->char 2 unicode \u0000
->boolean 1bit true,false false
Architecture of JVM
Development Tools
• ->javac -> for compilation converting .java into
.class file java code to byte code file
• ->java -> for execution
• ->javap -> disassembler to view the class
• ->javadoc -> extracts documentation
comments
Comments
• Ignored by the compiler used for increasing
readability and understandability of program
• Three types of comments
• ->//single line comment
• ->/*Multi line
– Comment*/
– /**documentation comment*/
Is Java pure object oriented porgramming
language
• No
• Why?
• Because still data types are primitive and not
class we have wrapper classes which can give
object representation of the data
First Example-Hello world
Which is the default package imported by all
applications in java
• ->java.lang.*
• ->System and String is a class in java.lang
package
• ->System.out creates an instance or object of
PrintStream class in the package java.io.* with
which we access the println method and print
on the console screen
• System.out.println()
• System.out.print()
• System.out.printf()
• System.out.println(10+10+”Addition”)
• System.out.println(“Addition”+10+10)
• System.out.println(“Addition”+(10+10))
Variables in java
• Instance variable -> which comes inside the class but
outside all methods if uninitialized takes default
values access modifiers allowed
• Class/static variable -> which comes inside class but
outside all methods with static keyword if
uninitialized takes default values access modifier
allowed
• Local variable- >which comes inside methods must
be initialized else compiler error no access modifier
allowed
How to get input from user
• First import the java.util package
• Create an instance for Scanner class
• And access its respective methods to get the
input
• Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in)
• Here System.in is a stream from which
represents a standard input device here it is
keyboard
How to get inputs methods of Scanner class

• -> int a = sc.nextInt()


• -> float b = sc.nextFloat()
• ->double d = sc.nextDouble()
• ->String str = sc.next()->to get word
• ->String str=sc.nextLine()-> to read sentence
• ->char ch = str.next().charAt(0)
• ->boolean b = sc.nextBoolean()
• ->long s = sc.nextLong()
Operators
• ->Unary operator ->
• ->binary operator ->
• ->ternary operator ->
• No operator overloading in java
Constructs
• ->Sequence
• ->Selection -> 1) Simple if
2) If else
3) If else if else if...else
4) Nested if
5) Switch case -> strings are allowed in switch
case in java

• ->Loops -> 1) while loop


• 2) do while loop
• 3) for loop
Statements
• ->break -> takes control out of loop
• ->continue -> skips particular iteration
Arrays
• Need for an array
• What is an array
• Types of array -> 1 D
• -> 2D
• -> 3D(multidimensional array)
• Jagged array

• What is the maximum dimension an array can


have
String Declare and intialize
• -> by literal -> String str = “Hello world”
• -> by new keyword -> String str = new String(“Hello world”)
• -> char arr[]={‘H’,’e’,’l’,’l’,’o’,’ ‘,’w’,’o’,’r’,’l’,’d’};
Strings
• String is a class in java.lang package since it is a class it can be called as data
type
• Methods of String
• ->length()
• ->trim()
• ->toUpperCase()
• ->toLowerCase()
• ->indexOf()
• ->lastIndexOf()
• ->startsWith()
• ->endsWith()
• ->concat()
• ->subString(bi,ei)
String
• ->replace()
• ->replaceAll()
• ->replaceFirst()
• ->split()
• ->getChars()
Comparison of String
• ->equals()
• ->equalsIgnoreCase()
• ->==
Immutability in String->does not allow
modification
StringBuffer and StringBuilder
• -> Mutable allows modification
• -> contains method which modifies the strings
• ->append()
• ->insert()
• ->delete()
• ->reverse()
• ->StringBuffer methods are synchronized
whereas StringBuilder not synchronized
Difference between static and instance
variable
Methods in java
• ->all methods are call by value no such thing
call by reference in java since no pointer
• ->instance method
• ->static method

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