Arduino

content
• Introduction to arduino nano

• Circuit diagram
• Pin configuration of arduino nano
• Pin description
• Difference between arduino nano and arduino
uno
Introduction to arduino nano
• The Arduino Nano, as the name suggests is a
compact, complete and bread-board friendly
microcontroller board.
• The Nano board weighs around 7 grams with
dimensions of 4.5 cms to 1.8 cms (L to B).
• The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and
breadboard-friendly board based on the
ATmega328 (Arduino Nano 3.0).
• The Arduino Nano can be powered via the Mini-B
USB connection, 6-20V unregulated external power
supply (pin 30), or 5V regulated external power
supply (pin 27).
• The ATmega168 has 16 KB of flash memory for
storing code (of which 2 KB is used for the
bootloader).
• The ATmega168 has 1 KB of SRAM and 512 bytes of
EEPROM (which can be read and written with the
EEPROM library).
• Each of the 14 digital pins on the Nano can be
used as an input or output, using pinMode(),
digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions.
• The Arduino Nano has a number of facilities for
communicating with a computer, another
Arduino, or other microcontrollers.
• The ATmega168 provide UART TTL (5V) serial
communication, which is available on digital
pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX).
• The Arduino Nano can be
programmed with the
Arduino software.
• The ATmega168 or
ATmega328 on the Arduino
Nano comes preburned with
a bootloader that allows you
to upload new code to it
without the use of an
external hardware
programmer.
• ICSP stands for In Circuit
Serial Programming, which
represents one of the several
methods available for
programming Arduino
boards.
Sample Circuit diagram
Pin configuration of arduino nano
Pin Description
• Digital I/O , PWM - 14 Pins

• For Analog Functions - 9 Pins

• Power - 7 Pins

• SPI (Apart from Digital I/O Section) - 3 Pins

• Reset - 3 Pins
TOTAL - 36 Pins
Pin Description
• Pins - 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
and 16
• As mentioned earlier, Arduino Nano has 14
digital I/O pins that can be used either as
digital input or output.
• The pins work with 5V voltage as maximum,
i.e., digital high is 5V and digital low is 0V.
Pin Description
• Serial Communication Pins - 1, 2
1 . RX:- These two pins RX- receive and TX-
transmit are used for TTL serial data
communication.
2 . TX :-The pins RX and TX are connected to
the corresponding pins of the USB-to-TTL
Serial chip.
Pin Description
• PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) (Pins - 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, and
14)
Each of these digital pins provide a Pulse Width Modulation
signal of 8-bit resolution. The PWM signal can be generated
using analogWrite () function.

• External Interrupts(Pins - 5, 6)
When we need to provide an external interrupt to other
processor or controller we can make use of these pins. These
pins can be used to enable interrupts INT0 and INT1
respectively by using the attachInterrupt () function.
Pin Description
• SPI Pins(Serial Peripheral Interface)(Pins - 13, 14,
15, and 16)
When you don’t want the data to be transmitted
asynchronously you can use these Serial Peripheral
Interface pins. These pins support synchronous
communication with SCK as the synchronizing clock.
• LED(Pin – 16)
The pin 16 is being connected to the blinking LED on
the board.
Pin Description
Pin Description
• Arduino Nano Analog (Pins - 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26)
As mentioned earlier UNO got 6 analog input pins but Arduino Nano
has 8 analog inputs (19 to 26), marked A0 through A7. Each of these
analog pins has a inbuilt ADC of resolution of 1024 bits (so it will give
1024 values). By default, the pins are measured from ground to 5V.
• I2C(Inter-Integrated Circuit) (Pins 23, 24 as A4 and A5)

Since SPI communication also has its disadvantages such as 4
essential pins and limited within a device. For long distance
communication we use the I2C protocol. I2C supports multi master
and multi slave with only two wires

Pin Description
• AREF(Analog Reference) (Pin 18)
AREF- Analog Reference pin is used as a reference
voltage for analog input for the ADC conversion.
• Reset (Pin 28)

Reset pins in Arduino are active LOW pins which
means if we make this pin value as LOW i.e., 0v, it
will reset the controller. Usually used to be
connected with switches to use as reset button.
Pin Description
Difference between arduino nano and arduino uno
• Arduino Nano has similar functionalities as Arduino Duemilanove

but with a different package. The Nano is inbuilt with the
ATmega328P microcontroller, same as the Arduino UNO.
• The main difference between them is that the UNO board is
presented in PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-line Package) form with 30 pins
and Nano is available in TQFP (plastic quad flat pack) with 32 pins.
• The extra 2 pins of Arduino Nano serve for the ADC
functionalities, while UNO has 6 ADC ports but Nano has 8 ADC
ports.
• The Nano board doesn’t have a DC power jack as other Arduino
boards, but instead has a mini-USB port.
arduino nano arduino uno
ATmega328P microcontroller ATmega328P microcontroller
TQFP (plastic quad flat pack) PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-line Package)
32 pins 30 pins
8 ADC ports. 6 ADC ports.

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content

• Introduction to arduino nano

• I2C(Inter-Integrated Circuit) (Pins 23, 24 as A4 and A5)

• Reset (Pin 28)

• Arduino Nano has similar functionalities as Arduino Duemilanove

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