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    Halogenoalkanes

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    Halogenoalkanes are organic compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane are replaced by halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. They are named using prefixes that indicate the halogen and number of atoms substituted. Halogenoalkanes can be primary, secondary or tertiary depending on whether the halogen is bonded to a carbon with 1, 2 or 3 carbon substituents. Some are useful on their own while many are intermediates in producing other molecules.

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    Halogenoalkanes

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    Halogenoalkanes are organic compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane are replaced by halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. They are named using prefixes that indicate the halogen and number of atoms substituted. Halogenoalkanes can be primary, secondary or tertiary depending on whether the halogen is bonded to a carbon with 1, 2 or 3 carbon substituents. Some are useful on their own while many are intermediates in producing other molecules.

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    halogenoalkanes

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    Halogenoalkanes are organic compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane are replaced by halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. They are named using prefixes that indicate the halogen and number of atoms substituted. Halogenoalkanes can be primary, secondary or tertiary depending on whether the halogen is bonded to a carbon with 1, 2 or 3 carbon substituents. Some are useful on their own while many are intermediates in producing other molecules.

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views3 pages

    Halogenoalkanes

    Uploaded by

    api-504683923
    Halogenoalkanes are organic compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane are replaced by halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. They are named using prefixes that indicate the halogen and number of atoms substituted. Halogenoalkanes can be primary, secondary or tertiary depending on whether the halogen is bonded to a carbon with 1, 2 or 3 carbon substituents. Some are useful on their own while many are intermediates in producing other molecules.

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    of 3

    What are halogenoalkanes?

    Halogenoalkanes are similar


    to alkanes but with one or
    more of the hydrogen atoms
    replaced by a halogen. trichloromethane

    Halogenoalkanes can
    contain more than one type
    of halogen. For example,
    CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
    contain both chlorine and
    chloro-pentafluoroethane
    fluorine atoms.

    Some halogenoalkanes are useful themselves, but many are


    valuable intermediates in the production of other molecules.
    Naming halogenoalkanes
    A prefix is added to the name of the alkane depending on
    what halogens are attached.
    halogen prefix no. halogen atoms prefix
    fluorine fluoro- one –
    chlorine chloro- two di-
    bromine bromo- three tri-
    iodine iodo- four tetra-
    five penta-
    Another prefix is used to indicate how many atoms of each
    halogen is present.
    Numbers are used, where necessary, to indicate to which
    carbon atom(s) each halogen is attached.
    Primary, secondary and tertiary
    A chain of carbon atoms can be represented by R when
    drawing the structure. This is referred to as an R group.

     Primary (1°) halogenoalkanes


    have one R group attached to
    the carbon linked to the halogen.

     Secondary (2°) halogenoalkanes


    have two R groups attached to the
    carbon linked to the halogen.

     Tertiary (3°) halogenoalkanes


    have three R groups attached to
    the carbon linked to the halogen.

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