Ateneo de Naga University

Bachelor of Science in Accountancy

College of Business and Accountancy

Effects of Time Management Strategies in

the Academic Performance of Accountancy
Students in Ateneo de Naga University

Dizon, Hershey S.
Ellorde, Khrissan Angel T.
Matali, Kerwin Paul P.
Panes, Rowella Mae B.
Tabunggao, Shane Josa Marie M.
 Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to extend their deepest appreciation
and gratitude for the support and kindness of the following, who
contributed and lent support in the completion of the study.

To the James O'Brien Library, for providing the resources that the
researchers need. To the Electronic Resource Center, for letting the
researchers use the computer to find resources.

To the respondents, 1st year college accountancy students who

presented full cooperation, patience, support and time in responding to
the questionnaires that the researchers provided.

To the researchers' supportive classmates and friends, for

continuously cheering them up to finish the research paper. Thanks a lot
for the words of encouragement that strengthen and motivate the
researchers.

To the researchers' ever supportive and loving families, for giving

the researchers love, patience, financial support, understanding and care
to show their presence. They are the source of the researchers' to linger 1
and make this work possible.
1
Introduction
This chapter of the paper presents the problem
and its setting. It includes the background of the
study, the statement of the problem, significance
of the study, and scope and delimitation of the
study.
Time is being dubbed as one of the important needs of each individual. It gives remarkably significance to
human beings as a measurement of progression of a certain event or occurrence. Such things can be
developed, enhanced and change over time yet, only time itself cannot be changed nor restore. Using time
well enough, can make one’s life purpose-worthy. One key to achieving success is effectively and efficiently
manage the resources in order to accomplish more work in less time frame with lesser effort. Specifically,
leaning towards more in planning. The emphasis to the necessity of usage of time varies on the level of
work that must be done. Planning effectively and efficiently parallel to the time usage is available through
the use of time management. Time management is the procedure to plan and control the time an
individual divides time between specific tasks and goals. Since Filipinos are globally and locally
competitive, the environment around drives people to do more work by planning and using time wisely.
Since high quality performances require effective usage of time.

Time management is very substantial to human beings (Khan and Nasrullah, 2015). It plays a
significant role in everyone most especially to the students. Every student should have a great time
management skills to improve their academic performances and abilities. To be able for them to set their
goals and priorities while being organized and productive. Having great time management skills can lessen
stress, get more work done, more opportunities, and less wasted time. Effective time management can be
done through self-discipline, motivation, and skills. However, time management is never easy. It needs to
reach specific qualifications through contemplation and assessing of oneself.

College students usually are the most who are having a hard time managing their time since they are
the ones who have heavy workload in school. With an average of 12-15 hours per week spent in school,
they do not have that much spare time to socialize with their peers, have bonding time with their family
and even have time for themselves.

Bachelor of Science in Accountancy is known to be one of the hardest and demanding courses being
offered in tertiary education. Specifically, students who are taking up Accountancy, are facing difficulties in 2
terms of time management. With a quota grade of 84%, Accountancy students strive to do their best by
2 Statement
of the
Problem
Statement of the Problem

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Gender

b. Age

2. What are the preferred time management strategies of the

Accountancy Students of Ateneo de Naga University?
3. What are the effects of time management strategies to the
Accountancy students of Ateneo de Naga University?
4. What are the recommendations that may be proposed to the
Accountancy students of Ateneo de Naga University?

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3
Significance
of the Study
Significance of the Study

This study will help the following groups:

Students. The outcome of this study would greatly benefit not just the
accountancy students but everyone. Through this, they can be able to
effectively choose what kind of strategy they would like to use in order to
efficiently manage their time.

Teachers. The results would guide teachers or professors about the

possible recommendations that they could give to their students
specifically accountancy students regarding time management strategies.

Future Researchers. The future researchers and students will benefit

from this study by means of gaining ideas and which they can use as a
reference in conducting other studies related to this topic.
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4
Scope and
Delimitation
Scope and Delimitation

The focus of this study is mainly about the different time

management strategies that Accountancy students use. This research
does not aim to discuss anything about the different disadvantages of
time management strategies. This study will determine the effects of
time management strategies in the academic performances of
students.

Specifically, the research group would be conducting a survey

through the use of survey questionnaires. It would be performed
inside the campus and the researchers would be surveying among the
respondents who would be the selected Accountancy students of
Ateneo de Naga University.
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5
Conceptual
Framework
Conceptual Framework

Based on this figure 1 the diagram shows the relationship of the variables of
study wherein it focuses in the Effects of Time Management Strategies in
Academic Performance of Accountancy Students of Ateneo de Naga University.
It covers randomly the 1st year Accountancy College students of Ateneo de
Naga University. The researcher aim to know the following information

a.) The demographic profile of the respondents in terms of Sex and Age

b.) The preferred time management strategies of the Accountancy Students

c.) The effects of time management strategies to the Accountancy students.

Age and Gender are significant variables in the study. To know the different
perceptions between ages and genders. As well as, the preferred time
management strategies are significant to identify if this strategies have an
effects on the academic performance of the students.
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Figure 1. Conceptual Framework Paradigm

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6
Theoretical
Framework
Theoretical Framework

The Time Management Matrix is used to further expound and understand the research study.
The chosen theory can best explain how Bachelor of Science in Accountancy students manage their time
to divide their specific tasks and works.

The Time Management Matrix or also known as Eisenhower – was introduced by the late
Dwight D. Eisenhower but later popularized and further explained by Stephen Covey. It is a time
management strategy wherein the tasks are being categorized into its importance and urgency
comprising of four quadrants with different work methods. The chosen approach states that tasks should
be classified into four quadrants with accordance to its importance and urgency. The first quadrant or the
“do first” composes of the tasks that should be accomplished as soon as possible. Hence, its name “do
first”. The second quadrant or also known as “schedule” comprises of the tasks that are important but
less urgent. Scheduling one’s work can reduce the stress which can be done in the second quadrant. The
third quadrant is also called “delegate” since the tasks involved are less important to an individual but
still quite urgent to an individual than others. The last quadrant or the “don’t do” are the lists of tasks
that should not be done by an individual to lessen the amount of time spend in a certain tasks.
Unnecessary things should be draw out off the list to help an individual sort out the tasks.

The goal of this theory is to sort out current and upcoming tasks according to the level of its
importance and urgency to promptly distinguish the tasks that needs demands more time and attention.
And by the aid of this theory, Accountancy students can be able to have positive effects regarding their
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academic performance.
Figure 2. Theoretical Paradigm

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7
Definition of
Terms
Definition of Terms

Time - the indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the

past, present, and future regarded as a whole.

Management - the process of dealing with or controlling things or people.

Strategies - a plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or

overall aim.

College - an educational institution or establishment, in particular one

providing higher education or specialized professional or vocational
training.

Bachelor of Science in Accountancy - the principal academic degree in

accountancy in several other countries, and is often the only degree
recognized for subsequent practice as a professional accountant.

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 Review of
8 Related
Literature and
Studies
This chapter of the paper presents the review of
related literature, the conceptual framework and
the definition of terms.
Related Literature

According to the Pellissippi State Community College, most of the students find that
their greatest challenge in adjusting to college life and to succeeding in the classroom is
in managing their time effectively. As college students they are experiencing a lot
struggles having more academic paper work and other extracurricular activities in their
school and it stated that some adult students deal with the additional issues of child care
and family and home responsibilities. In addition, having a time management students
need to evaluate their schedule or how they will spend their time effectively and also to
consider their goals and priorities.

According to Niclas Marie of Time Center, there are many benefits to be experienced
when time management is handled in a good fashion. When working on an important
task, against a deadline, or planning out daily responsibilities, it is important to manage
time wisely. Time management can help tasks seem less daunting, more organized, and
to be finished in a timely and more productive manner. There are four (4) benefits that
may students experienced when time management is handled in a good fashion: Less
Procrastination, Stress Relief, More Time For Fun and More Opportunities.The impact of
this to the college students, they can more freely maximized and spending their time in a 11
good fashion way.
Related Studies

The study of Pepe and Bozkurt (2018) entitled "Investigation on the Effects of Time
Management Styles on Students Studying Sports Sciences and Academic Success" states that there
is no statistically significant remark between the gender and age variability in terms of time
management behaviors and planning. The gender and age are not related in effects of time
management when it comes to academic performance. Also, the study obtained that participants are
having enough plan to work and time on the thing they do. They spend their time to accomplish
tasks even things that its not worth benefit from them and having a plans also help in the academic
performance of students.

The study of Alsalem et al. (2017) entitled " The Effect of Time Management on Academic
Performance among Students of Jazan University states that students who have poor academic
performance failed in having a time management. Giving enough time to students to studies outside
of school or home have some positive impacts for the students and having more working tasks have
a negative impacts on outputs on the students. Also, having a time management have a significant
relationship in the academic performance of students.

The study of Khan and Nasrullah (2015) entitled "The Impact of Time Management on Students
'Academic Achievement" states that Time planning is very important and essential in our daily lives.
The time management behaviours are classified into groups which are time planning, time attitudes
and time wasting. Also, their study results that self-stress and self-efficacy can influence the 12
academic performance of the students.
9
Research
Methodology
This chapter details the Research Methodology
that was used by the study. This includes the
Research Design, Respondents, Instrument, Data
Gathering Procedure and Data Analysis.
Research Design

This study is a qualitative type of research wherein a particular person or situation

was investigated. The researchers conducted a survey to provide data needed on how
freshman accountancy students manage time and also identify whether time
management is useful to the respondents. This qualitative type of research will help the
researcher easily gather the data.

Respondents

The researchers got at least 30 respondents who are first (1st) year students
currently taking up Bachelor of Science in Accountancy. The respondents of this study are
the 30 freshman students that are randomly selected. The research selected these
requirements because they met the requirements which are the freshman student and
currently taking Accountancy Course.

Instrument

Survey Form was prepared in this study. It was used by the researchers to gather the
information needed. The survey form was divided into two parts: First is about the Time
Management Strategies and second is about the Effects of Time Management Strategies.
The respondents need to rate their preferred responses from Four (4) as Very Important,
Three (3) as Important, (2) as Less Important and One (1) as Not Important. 13
Data Gathering Procedure

The data for this research made use of a survey form. This
includes appropriate questions that seeks the answers from the
respondents to understand the topic more. The researcher randomly
give the survey form to the selected respondents based on the
criteria which is first year accountancy student.

Data Analysis

The data gathered will be analyzed through descriptive

analysis wherein the researcher will look for the percentage and
frequency based on the tally of the data gathered. The data gathered
will be tabulated and interpreted using statistical tool. With
descriptive analysis the researchers can easily identify the results.
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 Presentation,
10 Analysis and
Interpretation of
Data
This chapter presents the analysis and
interpretation of the data gathered in this study.
Each table shows the results and the analysis of
the data gathered.
15
Table 3. Shows the respondent’s time management Table 4. Shows the respondents’ effects of time
strategies. The majority of the respondents answered management strategies. The preponderance of the answer is
66.67% that they make a list of the things that they 73.33% which wade into the reduced stress as very
will do each day as interpreted as very important. The important. On the contrary, the least value is 6.67%, which
least predictor is that the limit multi-tasking. They did falls into the better decisions in the less important category.
not consider these strategies associated in having The results states that the effects of time management
time management as it have 6.67% which is strategies mainly reduce stress and consider the better 16
interpreted as not important. decisions as its least factor.
 Summary,
11 Conclusion and
Recommendation
s
The following chapter concludes this following. A
summary of the research is presented and
findings of the study are discussed. The
significance of the research was to determine the
Effects of Time Management in the Academic
Performance of Accountancy students.
Recommendations for further research end the
chapter.
Summary of Findings and Conclusion

Based on the profile of the respondents, mostly female responded on the survey that composes of
63.33% while the male is 36.67%. The age of the respondents ranged from 18 years old to 20 years old
but most of the respondents are 19 years old. Based on the Data Gathered, most of the respondents find
Time Management Strategies and Effects of Time Management Strategies very important while there are
minimal respondents who choose not important. Most of the respondents find the things-to-do list very
helpful in their preferred time management strategies and it has 66.67%, while reducing stress gained
the highest results in the effects of time management strategies that has 73.33%.

Based on the survey, most of the accountancy students preferred to have time management
strategies. Thus, it means that having time management is very important to student especially that the
course has a maintaining grade of 84%.

The responses given by the respondents helped the researchers in identifying and discovering the
use of time management strategies to accountancy students. The use of time management is important.
Time Management is a way of managing task, academics and extracurricular activities of student through
minimizing and maximizing the time. Based on the results, the demographic profile of the respondents
cannot affect the time management strategies of the students. The time management strategies of the
students is that they make a list of the things that they will do each day in order to manage their time in
the things that they made every day. Hence, the effect of time management is that it reduces stress
because they do first time management strategies before they take an action in everything that they
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made.
Recommendations

This section presents the recommendation that would like to suggest

to the students, Educational Institutions, Educator, and Future Researchers

For the Students specifically those that are taking up BS Accountancy to use
different time management strategies when it comes to studying to have a
more organized way of managing tasks. Additional, for the students to analyze
the effects and advantages of certain time management strategies to their
ways of managing tasks.

For Educational Institutions and Educators to participate in sharing different

time management strategies in order to help the students.

For the Future Researchers to find information from this study that will aid in
gaining information for the related topics and might help them to improve
future studies.
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REFERENCES

Alsalem,W., et al. (October 2017). The Effect of Time Management on Academic Performance

among Students of Jazan University.Retrieved from https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article

_12721.html

Eisenhower, D. (2011). Introducing the Eisenhower. Retrieved from https://www.eisenhower.me

/eisenhower-matrix/

Khan,M.,& Nasrullah,S.,(2015).The Impact of Time Management on Students 'Academic

Achievement. Retrieved fromhttps://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/239e/551dffe83

bb5377662ee7ca5a4e317462e5b.pdf

Pepe,K., & Bozkurt, I., (18January 2018).Investigation on the Effects of Time Management

Styles on Students Studying Sports Sciences and Academic Success Retrieved from
https://zenodo.org/record/1161782
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Thanks
!

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