Probability Distribution

Probability Distribution
• Variable
• Random Variable
– Discrete Random Variable: A random variable X is a
discrete random variable if:
• There are a finite number of possible outcomes of X, or
• There are a countable infinite number of possible outcomes of X.
– Continuous Random Variable

The probability distribution for the number of
traffic accidents daily in tier 2 city of India
Number of Accidents Daily (X) P (X = xi)
0 0.10
1 0.20
2 0.45
3 0.15
4 0.05
5 0.05
I. Compute the mean number of accidents per day

II. Compute the standard Deviation
Answer
I. 2
II. 1.1832 (1.4)
The owner of a ‘Pizza Hut’ has experienced that he always sells between 12 and 15
of his famous brand ‘Extra Large’ Pizzas per day. He prepares all of them in advance
and store them in the refrigerator: since the ingredients go bad within one day, unsold
Pizzas are thrown out at the end of each day. The cost of preparing each Pizza is Rs.
120 and he sells each one for Rs. 170. In addition, to the usual cost, it costs him Rs.
50 per Pizza that is ordered but cannot be delivered due to insufficient stock. If
following is the probability distribution of the number of Pizzas ordered each day,
then how many ‘Extra Large’ Pizzas should be in stock each day in order to
minimize the expected loss.
No. of Pizzas demanded 12 13 14 15
Probability 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10

The number of arrivals per minute at Axis Bank located in central
part of the Mumbai was recorded over a period of 200 minutes, with
the following results
Arrivals Frequency
0 14
1 31
2 47
3 41
4 29
5 21
6 10
7 5
8 2
1. Compute the Expected number of arrivals per minute.

2. Compute the Standard Deviation.
Answer
I. 2.9
II. 1.772 (3.14)
Binomial Distribution
The binomial is a type of distribution that has two possible
outcomes. It must also meet the following three criteria:
• The number of observations or trials is fixed.
• Each observation or trial is independent.
• The probability of success is exactly the same from one
trial to another.
A student is taking a multiple-choice exam in which each question has 4 choices. Assume
that the student has no knowledge of the correct answers to any of the questions.
Student has decided on a strategy in which he will place 4 balls (marked A, B, C, & D)
into a box. He randomly selects one ball for each question and replaces the ball in a
box. The marking on the ball will determine his answer to the question. There are 5
multiple-choice questions in the exam. What is the probability that he will get:
I. 5 questions correct?
II. At least 4 questions correct?
III. No questions correct?
IV. No more than 2 questions correct?

Here p = 0.25, q = 1-p = 1- 0.25 = 0.75 and n = 5,
a) P(X = 5) = 0.0010
b) P(X ≥ 4) = P(X = 4) + P(X = 5) = 0.0146 +

0.0010 = 0.0156
c) P(X = 0) = 0.2373
d) P(X ≤ 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)
= 0.2373 + 0.3955 + 0.2637 = 0.8965

SYSKA, a LED manufacturing company regularly conducts quality checks at a
specified periods on the products it manufactures. Historically, the failure rate
for LED light bulbs that the company manufactures is 5%. Suppose a random
sample of 10 LED light bulbs is selected. What is the probability that
I. None of the LED light bulbs are defective?
II. Exactly one of the LED light bulbs is defective?
III. Two or fewer LED light bulbs are defective?
IV. Three or more of the LED light bulbs are defective?

Here p = 0.05, q = 1- p = 1- 0.05 = 0.95 and n =
10,
P(X = 0) = 0.5987
P(X = 1) = 0.3151
P(X ≤ 2) = 0.9885
P(X ≥ 3) = 0.0115
Past records indicate that the probability of online retail orders for Amazon that turn
out to be fraudulent is 0.08. suppose that, on a given day, 20 online retail orders are
placed, assume that the number of online retail orders that turn out to be fraudulent
is distributed as a binomial random variable.
I. What are mean and standard deviation of the number of online retail orders that
turn out to be fraudulent?
II. What is the probability that Zero online retail orders will turn out to be fraudulent?
III. What is the probability that One online retail orders will turn out to be fraudulent?
IV. What is the probability that Two or More online retail orders will turn out to be
fraudulent?

Probability Distribution

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Probability Distribution

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Probability Distribution

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Probability Distribution

– Discrete Random Variable: A random variable X is a

discrete random variable if:

• There are a finite number of possible outcomes of X, or

• There are a countable infinite number of possible outcomes of X.

– Continuous Random Variable

I. Compute the mean number of accidents per day

No. of Pizzas demanded 12 13 14 15

Probability 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10

1. Compute the Expected number of arrivals per minute.

The binomial is a type of distribution that has two possible

outcomes. It must also meet the following three criteria:

• The number of observations or trials is fixed.

• Each observation or trial is independent.

• The probability of success is exactly the same from one

II. At least 4 questions correct?

III. No questions correct?

IV. No more than 2 questions correct?

b) P(X ≥ 4) = P(X = 4) + P(X = 5) = 0.0146 +

d) P(X ≤ 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)

= 0.2373 + 0.3955 + 0.2637 = 0.8965

specified periods on the products it manufactures. Historically, the failure rate

sample of 10 LED light bulbs is selected. What is the probability that

I. None of the LED light bulbs are defective?

II. Exactly one of the LED light bulbs is defective?

III. Two or fewer LED light bulbs are defective?

IV. Three or more of the LED light bulbs are defective?

is distributed as a binomial random variable.

turn out to be fraudulent?

You might also like