Scribd
Upload
287 views31 pages

Single Phase Switch Mode Rectifier: With An Improved Design

This document describes a single phase switch mode rectifier (SMR) and proposes an improved design. The standard SMR uses a diode bridge rectifier and boost converter but has disadvantages like low efficiency due to high switching losses. The proposed design adds an auxiliary boost converter operated at a low frequency to reduce current and losses in the main boost converter, which is operated at a high frequency to provide a sinusoidal input current. This improved topology aims to achieve unity power factor and high efficiency for applications like UPS systems.

Uploaded by

Treasa Sebastian
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
287 views31 pages

Single Phase Switch Mode Rectifier: With An Improved Design

This document describes a single phase switch mode rectifier (SMR) and proposes an improved design. The standard SMR uses a diode bridge rectifier and boost converter but has disadvantages like low efficiency due to high switching losses. The proposed design adds an auxiliary boost converter operated at a low frequency to reduce current and losses in the main boost converter, which is operated at a high frequency to provide a sinusoidal input current. This improved topology aims to achieve unity power factor and high efficiency for applications like UPS systems.

Uploaded by

Treasa Sebastian
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

SINGLE PHASE

SWITCH MODE RECTIFIER

WITH AN IMPROVED DESIGN

Prepared by
Treasa Sebastian
S7 EEE
Roll no:54
OVERVIEW
 Introduction
 Standard switch mode rectifier (SMR-S)
 Operating principle of SMR-S
 Need for boost converter
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Improved SMR-S
 Performance of proposed SMR-S
 Conclusion
 references
INTRODUCTION
 SMR is an essential
component in UPS and
SMPS
 SMR-S is the standard
single phase boost type
switch mode rectifier
STANDARD SWITCH MODE
RECTIFIER (SMR-S)
SMR-S
 Consists of diode bridge rectifier and a boost converter

 Diode bridge rectifier performs AC to DC conversion

 Boost converter is a DC-DC step up chopper

 Inductor Lm is source impedence


OPERATION OF SMR-S
 Operates in 2 modes

 ON mode –period during which switch is on

 OFF mode- period during which switch is off


ON MODE
 Switch S is closed
 Input voltage after rectification
appears across the inductor
 Boost inductor Lb stores
energy
 No transfer of energy from
source to load
OFF MODE
 Switch S is open
 Stored energy in the
inductor along with supply
is released to the load
 Thus voltage is stepped up
need for boost converter
 Voltage across the
capacitor is always close
to the peak value of AC
input voltage

 So, diodes remain reverse


biased during major part
of each half cycle
need for boost converter
 Diodes are forward biased only when AC input voltage
exceeds the capacitor voltage
 Bridge circuit has supply current only when instantaneous
magnitudes of rectified sine wave are closer to peak
magnitude
 Thus waveform of AC line current will be in the form of
short narrow pulses
AC line current
need for boost converter
 All the harmonic components of pulsed AC line current
increases rms value of total line current ,thus

 power factor decreases


 Supply voltage gets distorted
 Power supply environment gets polluted /power quality
decreases
need for boost converter
 In a boost converter ,

 Chopper is operated at a
high switching frequency
(100kHz)
 Duty cycle of chopper is
continuously varied
during each half cycle
need for boost converter
 Chopper maintains the output at the high fixed value by
automatic variation of the duty cycle

 chopper input voltage is just below the rectified value of


AC input voltage

 Diode bridge is enabled to feed current into the chopper


during entire duration of each half cycle
ADVANTAGES
 Operates at unity power factor
 Exhibits negligible harmonics in input current
 Acceptable ripples in DC bus voltage
DISADVANTAGES
 High switching losses ,because of high switching
frequency , and results in reduction in efficiency
 Requirement of input filter
 Exhibits poor performance and distorted input current
under light load conditions
 SMR-S with satisfactory operation is not available above
2kW
DISADVANTAGES
 To get a sinusoidal reference current waveform
 inductor Lm having a large value is used

 Switching frequency is increased

 As the value of Lm increases , its size also increases


 So , high switching frequency is employed
DISADVANTAGES
 high switching frequency implies high turn on and off rate
of a high current

 Therefore switching losses increases

 Efficiency of SMR decreases


PROPOSED TOPOLOGY OF
SMR
PROPOSED TOPOLOGY OF
SMR
 Two boost converters are used
 Main boost converter

 Auxiliary boost converter

 Switch of main boost converter is operated at a high


frequency
 Auxiliary switch is operated at a low frequency
 Current in main switch Sm is diverted through low
frequency auxiliary switch Sa
Functions of auxiliary switch
 it works as a current absorber for switch in main boost
converter
 It works as a current source for the DC bus capacitor Cdc
PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED SMR
 Very low frequency auxiliary boost converter controls
almost all power delivered from source to load

 High frequency main switch operates at a low current

 Modified topology of SMR has minimum power


dissipation , as chopping of high current at high frequency
does not take place
PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED SMR
 Very high operating frequency of main boost converter
does not pose operational challenges, because, once the
auxiliary converter comes into action the current through
main switch is very small and does not cause a noticeable
power loss.
PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED SMR
 Switching action of main boost converter provides
sinusoidal shape to the input supply current
 Sinusoidal shaped supply current is locked in phase with
the source voltage
 Thus power factor is maintained at a high value
APPLICATIONS
 SMPS
 UPS
 For battery charging
 Traction drives
CONCLUSION
 Switch mode rectifier operates at unity power factor at
input and manageabe ripples in the DC load voltage
 High switching frequency of boost converter shapes the
input current close to sinusoidal
 But it has high switching losses
 An auxiliary boost converter in tandem with main boost
converter is capable of eliminating high switching losses
REFERENCES
 Brij.N.Singh ,Ambrish Chandra ,Parviz Rastogoufard ,”Single phase
switch mode boost rectifier: an improved design/control applied to
AC-DC system to power up telecommunication system”, Telecom.
energy conference , pg.no:611-618,Dec 2002.
 Dawande.M.S , G.K.Dubey.”Single phase switch mode rectifiers”,
IEEE power electronics pg :637-643 vol.2 ,1996.
 Joseph Vithayathil ,”Power electronics-principles and applications” ,
1995 by McGraw-Hill , Inc.
 www.fairchildsemi.com

You might also like