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    DIASTROPHISM

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    Jam Uly Gasty
    Diastrophism refers to the deformation of Earth's crust through folding and faulting. It is caused by heat loss from the planet's core and the movement of tectonic plates. The main forces that cause diastrophism are compression, tension, and shear forces. Compression occurs at convergent plate boundaries and can result in subduction zones and mountain building. Tension occurs at divergent boundaries and leads to the formation of rift valleys and the expansion of the seafloor. Shear forces produce transform faults where plates slide horizontally past one another.

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    DIASTROPHISM

    Uploaded by

    Jam Uly Gasty
    718 views37 pages
    Diastrophism refers to the deformation of Earth's crust through folding and faulting. It is caused by heat loss from the planet's core and the movement of tectonic plates. The main forces that cause diastrophism are compression, tension, and shear forces. Compression occurs at convergent plate boundaries and can result in subduction zones and mountain building. Tension occurs at divergent boundaries and leads to the formation of rift valleys and the expansion of the seafloor. Shear forces produce transform faults where plates slide horizontally past one another.

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    Diastrophism refers to the deformation of Earth's crust through folding and faulting. It is caused by heat loss from the planet's core and the movement of tectonic plates. The main forces that cause diastrophism are compression, tension, and shear forces. Compression occurs at convergent plate boundaries and can result in subduction zones and mountain building. Tension occurs at divergent boundaries and leads to the formation of rift valleys and the expansion of the seafloor. Shear forces produce transform faults where plates slide horizontally past one another.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    718 views37 pages

    DIASTROPHISM

    Uploaded by

    Jam Uly Gasty
    Diastrophism refers to the deformation of Earth's crust through folding and faulting. It is caused by heat loss from the planet's core and the movement of tectonic plates. The main forces that cause diastrophism are compression, tension, and shear forces. Compression occurs at convergent plate boundaries and can result in subduction zones and mountain building. Tension occurs at divergent boundaries and leads to the formation of rift valleys and the expansion of the seafloor. Shear forces produce transform faults where plates slide horizontally past one another.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 37

    DIASTROPHIS

    M
    • Diastrophism or Tectonism is a general term that
    refers to the deformation of the Earth's crust, and
    more specifically to folding and faulting.
    Diastrophism can be considered part of
    geotectonics. Diastrophism comes from the Greek
    word meaning a twisting.[1][2]

    • Tectonic activity is caused by heat loss; all the


    terrestrial planets passed through a molten (or
    nearly molten) stage early in their development and
    they have been cooling ever since. As they have
    cooled, they have formed a strong outer layer — the
    lithosphere.
    FORCES OF
    DIASTROPHISM
    Directional Forces
    As the giant plates move, diverging [pulling
    apart] or converging [coming together] along
    their borders, tremendous energies are
    unleashed resulting in tremors that transform
    Earth’s surface. While all the plates appear to
    be moving at different relative speeds and
    independently of each other, the whole jigsaw
    puzzle of plates is interconnected. No single
    plate can move without affecting others and the
    activity of one can influence another thousands
    of miles away.
    COMPRESSION
    Here, crust is destroyed and recycled back
    into the interior of the Earth as one plate dives
    under another. These are known as Subduction
    Zones where mountains and volcanoes are often
    found where plates converge. There are 3 types
    of convergent boundaries: Oceanic-Continental
    Convergence; Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence;
    and Continental-Continental Convergence.
    OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
    CONVERGENCE
    When an oceanic plate pushes into and
    subducts under a continental plate, the
    overriding continental plate is lifted up and a
    mountain range is created. These smaller pieces
    become locked in place for long periods of time
    before moving suddenly and generating large
    earthquakes. Such earthquakes are often
    accompanied by uplift of the land by as much as
    a few meters.
    OCEANIC- OCEANIC
    CONVERGENCE
    When two oceanic plates converge one is
    usually subducted under the other and in the
    process a deep oceanic trench is formed.

    Oceanic-oceanic plate convergence also results


    in the formation of undersea volcanoes. Over
    millions of years, however, the erupted lava and
    volcanic debris pile up on the ocean floor until a
    submarine volcano rises above sea level to form
    an island volcano. Such volcanoes are typically
    strung out in chains called island arcs.
    CONTINENTAL
    -CONTINENTAL
    CONVERGENCE
    When two continents meet head-on, neither is
    subducted because the continental rocks are
    relatively light and, like two colliding icebergs,
    resist downward motion. Instead, the crust
    tends to buckle and be pushed upward or
    sideways. The collision of India into Asia 50
    million years ago caused the Eurasian Plate to
    crumple up and override the Indian Plate.
    Most of this growth occurred during the past
    10 million years.
    TENSION
    Tension is a force that pulls away iron
    each other along a single line of motion.
    Rocks can be split apart by such forces.
    Such are the forces causing the ground to
    split during an earthquake or pull the walls of
    valleys over a period of centuries. An area
    between force moving away from each other
    becomes the divergent boundary.
    At divergent boundaries new crust is
    created as two or more plates pull away from
    each other. Oceans are born and grow wider
    where plates diverge or pull apart. When a
    diverging boundary occurs on land a 'rift', or
    separation will arise and over time that mass
    of land will break apart into distinct land
    masses and the surrounding water will fill
    the space between them.
    Divergent Boundary (continental)
    Divergent Boundary (Oceanic)
    SHEAR FORCES
    It refers to the forces that either
    twist or tear. These forces act in
    opposite directions along different
    lines of motion. They may push large
    blocks or sections of the crust past
    each other horizontally. If this happens,
    the affected area becomes a transform
    fault.
    Transform-Fault Boundaries are where two
    plates are sliding horizontally past one another.
    These are also known as transform boundaries
    or more commonly as faults. Most transform
    faults are found on the ocean floor. They
    commonly offset active spreading ridges,
    producing zigzag plate margins, and are
    generally defined by shallow earthquakes. A
    few, however, occur on land.
    The End…
    Prepared by:
    Maria T. Rabaca
    James Ulysses A. Gastador

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