Data Collection Technique

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 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.

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 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.

3
Demographics
 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.
 Age

4
Demographics
 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.
 Age
 Gender

5
Demographics
 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.
 Age
 Gender
 Income level

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Demographics
 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.
 Age
 Gender
 Income level
 Ethnic background

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Demographics
 Information about the people you are gathering data
from is important.
 Age
 Gender
 Income level
 Ethnic background
 Status (student, teacher, visitor)

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. I__________
2. Q___________
3. Participant’s O_________
4. Focused Group D_______
5. Observational E_______
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interview
2. Q___________
3. Participant’s O_________
4. Focused Group D_______
5. Observational E_______
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interview
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s O_________
4. Focused Group D_______
5. Observational E_______
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interview
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s Observation
4. Focused Group D_______
5. Observational E_______
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interview
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s Observation
4. Focused Group Discussion
5. Observational E_______
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interview
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s Observation
4. Focused Group Discussion
5. Observational Evaluation
6. B___graphy /A___biography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interviews
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s Observation
4. Focused Group Discussion
5. Observational Evaluation
6. Biography/Autobiography

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 Primary Data Collection Techniques :
1. Interviews
2. Questionnaire
3. Participant’s Observation
4. Focused Group Discussion
5. Observational Evaluation
6. Biography/Autobiography

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Interviews

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Interviews
 In this method, the researcher participants
are prodded to talk about their experiences,
feelings, beliefs, outlooks and etc.

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Interviews

 the most widely used technique for collecting data.

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 Interviews
 the most widely used technique for collecting data.
 They permit the interviewer to ask the respondent direct
questions.
 Economical/cheaper

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 Questionnaires; there are drawbacks;
 Responses are limited to the questions asked in the
instrument.
 They provide little opportunity to probe for additional data
or ask for points of clarification.
 They tend to be impersonal.
 Often elicit response biases – tend to answer in a
socially acceptable manner.

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 Sample Employee / Management Relationship Survey

Team Goals and Objectives

Unclear; diverse; conflicting 1 2 3 4 5 Clear; understood; shared by
all.
Role Clarity
Employees are unclear about 1 2 3 4 5 Employees are clear about
their roles; responsibilities and what is expected of them;
authority are ambiguous. they know their
responsibilities and authority.
Communications
Employees are guarded and 1 2 3 4 5 Employees are open and
cautious when communicating authentic when
with management communicating with
management
Decision Making
Little opportunity for input; 1 2 3 4 5 Decisions made jointly
uninvolved; decisions made through group participation;
autonomously. plenty of opportunity for
input; persons affected
asked for their opinion. 24
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Participant’s Observations

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Participant’s Observations

 Observing organizational behaviors in their functional

settings is one of the most direct ways to collect data.
 Observation can range from complete participant
observation, where the OD practitioner becomes a
member of the group under study to a more detached
observation using a casually observing and noting
occurrences of specific kinds of behaviors.

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Focused Group Discussion

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Biography/Autobiography

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Biography
bīˈäɡrəfē/
 an account of someone's life written by someone else.

 synonyms:life story, life history, life, memoir, profile,

account;

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Autobiography
 /ˌôdəbīˈäɡrəfē/
 an account of a person's life written by
that person.
 Personal biographies offer a rich source
of data or evidence that can be shed
light or provide tentative answers to
research questions.

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Assessment:
1. Personal biographies offer a rich source of
data or evidence that can be shed light or
provide tentative answers to research
questions.

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Assessment:

2. A method the researcher immerses

himself/herself in the natural setting of the
research participants.

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Assessment:
3. It consists of 6-8 persons participate in
the interview.

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Assessment:

4. They provide little opportunity to probe for

additional data or ask for points of clarification

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Assessment:
5. In this method, the researcher
participants are prodded to talk about
their experiences, feelings, beliefs,
outlooks and etc.

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