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OOPR212 Applet

The document discusses Java applets, including: 1. An applet is a small program designed to run within a larger program like a web browser, with limited features and requiring minimal resources. A Java applet is written in Java and designed to run from a web browser. 2. To create an applet, write the code in Java and save it with a .java extension, then include it in an HTML file using tags like <applet> or <object>. 3. The JApplet class is used to create Swing applets and extends the Applet class, providing a container and components. Its init() method is used to initialize an applet.

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Johani D. Basaula
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168 views20 pages

OOPR212 Applet

The document discusses Java applets, including: 1. An applet is a small program designed to run within a larger program like a web browser, with limited features and requiring minimal resources. A Java applet is written in Java and designed to run from a web browser. 2. To create an applet, write the code in Java and save it with a .java extension, then include it in an HTML file using tags like <applet> or <object>. 3. The JApplet class is used to create Swing applets and extends the Applet class, providing a container and components. Its init() method is used to initialize an applet.

Uploaded by

Johani D. Basaula
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPR212

Object Oriented
Programming II W/ Lab
Learning
Objectives
• Learn
Applet
Applet
• In general, an applet is a small program or utility with limited features, requiring
minimal resources, and usually designed to run within a larger program.

• A Java applet is such a program written in the Java programming language and
typically designed to run from a web browser.
Applet Creation
• Write the applet in Java, and save it with a .java file extension, just as when you
write a Java application.

• Write an HTML document that includes a statement to call your compiled Java
class.

• Load the HTML document into a Web browser (such as Mozilla Firefox or Microsoft
Internet Explorer), or open the HTML document using the Applet Viewer.
Applet Creation
• The tag that begins every HTML document is <html>, which is surrounded by
angle brackets.

• The html within the tag is an HTML keyword that specifies that an HTML document
follows the keyword.

• The tag that ends every HTML document is </html>.


Applet Creation
• Generally, HTML documents contain other tags with the texts. Of importance at this point
is the <object>-</object> tag pair used to run an applet from within an HTML document.

• Three attributes (or arguments) are placed within the <object> tag: code, width, and
height.

• Example
<object code = ″Oopr212.class″ width = 300 height = 200>
</object>
Applet Creation
Three (3) attributes of object tag

• code - followed by the name of the compiled applet you are calling

• width - followed by the width of the applet on the screen

• height - followed by the height of the applet on the screen.

NOTE: Instead of the <object> and </object> tag pair, you can use the tag
set <applet> and </applet> in your HTML applet host documents.
Applet Creation
<html>

<applet code = ″HelloApplet.class″ width = 400 height = 200>

</applet>

</html>

NOTE: Instead of the <object> and </object> tag pair, you can use the tag
set <applet> and </applet> in your HTML applet host documents.
Running an
Applet
• Two ways of running an applet:
• By opening the associated HTML file on a Web browser
• the applet viewer.

NOTE: The applet viewer is used mainly for testing applets. It is, in effect, a web browser
that recognizes only the tags associated with the execution of an applet.
Writing an
Applet
• In creating an applet, you must also do the following:
• Include import statements to ensure that necessary classes are available.
• Learn to use some user interface (UI) components, such as buttons and text fields, and applet
methods.
• Learn to use the keyword extends.

• Creators of Java created an applet class named JApplet that you can import using the
statement.
• import javax.swing.JApplet;
JApplet Class
• JApplet is the Swing equivalent of the AWT Applet class.

• JApplet is a simple extension of java.applet.Applet for use when creating Swing


programs designed to be used in a Web browser.

• As a direct subclass of Applet, JApplet is used in much the same way as the Applet.

• A JApplet is a Component, and it is also a Container.


JApplet Class
• Inheritance hierarchy of the JApplet class
JApplet Class
• When using the JApplet class, you need the following import statements:
• import javax.swing.*;

• import java.awt.*;

• import java.awt.event.*;

• The extends keyword indicates that your applet builds on, or inherits, the traits of
the JApplet class.
JApplet Class
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class HelloApplet extends JApplet {


public void init() {
Container con = getContentPane();
cont.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello world!"); con.add(label);
}
Creating applet
init()
• The Applet class provides four methods that are invoked by a Web browser
when the browser runs an applet.
• Public void init()
• Public void start()
• Public void stop()

Note:
• Public void destroy()If you fail to write one or more these methods, Java
creates them for you.
• You can create an Applet usingonly the init() method.
Creating applet
init()
• The Applet class provides four methods that are invoked by a Web browser
when the browser runs an applet.
• Public void init()
• Public void start()
• Public void stop()
Creating applet
init()
Handling event
• To respond to user events within any Applet
• you create, you must do the following:
• Prepare your Applet to accept event messages.
• Tell your Applet to expect events to happen.
• Tell your Applet how to respond to the events.
Handling event
Applet Life
Cycle
There are four life cycle methods of an Applet class on which any applet is
built.
• init(): This method is called to initialize an applet.
• start(): This method is called after the initialization of the applet.
• stop(): This method is automatically called whenever the user moves away from the
page containing applets.
• destroy(): This method is only called when the browser shuts down normally.

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