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    Cystocele: Michelo F

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    fmichelo51
    A cystocele occurs when the wall between the bladder and vagina tears due to childbirth, causing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. This can cause discomfort and urinary issues. Cystoceles are often asymptomatic but may worsen after menopause when estrogen levels decrease. Treatment ranges from monitoring a mild cystocele to surgery for severe cases, while moderate cystoceles may be treated with a pessary.

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    Cystocele: Michelo F

    Uploaded by

    fmichelo51
    152 views17 pages
    A cystocele occurs when the wall between the bladder and vagina tears due to childbirth, causing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. This can cause discomfort and urinary issues. Cystoceles are often asymptomatic but may worsen after menopause when estrogen levels decrease. Treatment ranges from monitoring a mild cystocele to surgery for severe cases, while moderate cystoceles may be treated with a pessary.

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    CYSTOCELE

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    A cystocele occurs when the wall between the bladder and vagina tears due to childbirth, causing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. This can cause discomfort and urinary issues. Cystoceles are often asymptomatic but may worsen after menopause when estrogen levels decrease. Treatment ranges from monitoring a mild cystocele to surgery for severe cases, while moderate cystoceles may be treated with a pessary.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    152 views17 pages

    Cystocele: Michelo F

    Uploaded by

    fmichelo51
    A cystocele occurs when the wall between the bladder and vagina tears due to childbirth, causing the bladder to herniate into the vagina. This can cause discomfort and urinary issues. Cystoceles are often asymptomatic but may worsen after menopause when estrogen levels decrease. Treatment ranges from monitoring a mild cystocele to surgery for severe cases, while moderate cystoceles may be treated with a pessary.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    CYSTOCELE

    MICHELO F
    • . A cystocele (pronounced /ˈsɪstəsiːl/ SIS-tə-
    seel) is a medical condition that occurs when
    the tough fibrous wall between a woman's
    bladder and her vagina (the pubocervical
    fascia) is torn by childbirth, allowing the
    bladder to herniate into the vagina.
    Urethroceles often occur with cystoceles
    Presentation

    • This condition may cause discomfort and


    problems with emptying the bladder. The
    elastic tissues of the vagina may compensate
    for this tear for some time after the injury
    occurs.
    Presentation

    • Because the hormone estrogen helps keep the


    elastic tissues around the vagina strong, a
    cystocele may not occur until menopause,
    when levels of oestrogen decrease.
    • In some women a fallen bladder stretches the
    opening into the urethra, causing urine
    leakage when a woman sneezes, caughs,
    laughs, or moves in any way causing pressure.
    Presentation Cont..
    • There are no muscles around the vagina,
    except the bulbocavernosus muscles at the
    entrance to the vagina. The levator muscle
    passes around the vagina and the rectum and
    inserts into the levator plate, which can
    elevate rectum, the vagina and the bladder
    neck together
    Presentation Cont..
    • A bladder that has dropped from its normal
    position may cause two kinds of problems:
    unwanted urine leakage and incomplete
    emptying of the bladder. The pubocervical
    fascia provides back support to the mid
    urethra, allowing compression when
    abdominal pressure is increased.
    Presentation Cont..
    • This prevents urine loss with sudden increases
    in pressure, as with coughs, sneezes, laughs, or
    moves in any way that puts pressure on the
    bladder. If this compression is lost by tissue
    tears, then stress incontinence results.
    • If the base of the bladder herniates, then urine
    will sump down into the inside of the hernia,
    and bladder emptying will be impaired.
    PREDISPOSING FACTORS
    • Repeated child birth
    • Muscle straining while giving birth
    • Heavy lifting
    • Contipation
    • Hormone deficiency
    • During menoupause oestrogen reduces (it
    helps to keep vaginal muscles strong)
    Classification

    A cystocele is mild (grade 1)


    • When the bladder droops only a short way into
    the vagina.
    With more severe (grade 2)
    • Cystocele, the bladder sinks far enough to reach
    the opening of the vagina.
    The most advanced (grade 3)
    • Cystocele occurs when the bladder bulges out
    through the opening of the vagina.
    Classification
    • A doctor may be able to diagnose a grade 2 or
    3 cystocele from a description of symptoms
    and from physical examination of the vagina
    because the fallen part of the bladder will be
    visible.
    Diagnosis

    • In more complex instances, additional testing


    will be requested. A "voiding
    cystourethrogram" (sis-toe-yoo-REETH-roe-
    gram) is a test that involves taking x-rays of
    the bladder during urination.
    Diagnosis Cont..

    • This x-ray shows the shape of the bladder and


    lets the doctor see any problems that might
    block the normal flow of urine. Other tests
    may be needed to find or rule out problems in
    other parts of the urinary system.
    Treatment

    • Treatment options range from no treatment


    for a mild cystocele to surgery for a serious
    cystocele. If a cystocele is not bothersome, the
    doctor may only recommend avoiding heavy
    lifting or straining that could cause the
    cystocele to worsen.
    Treatment Cont..
    • If symptoms are moderately bothersome, the
    doctor may recommend a pessary, a device
    placed in the vagina to hold the bladder in
    place.
    Colporrhaphy
    • Anterior culporrhaphy is done using a
    speculum
    • Wall of vigina os cut open to review an
    opening in the supporting strucures or fascia
    • Defect is closed
    • Vaginal skin is repaired
    SUMMARY

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