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Python If-Else

Python uses conditional statements like ==, !=, <, <=, >, >= to check conditions in if, elif, else statements. An if statement executes code if a condition is true, elif executes code if previous conditions were false and it is true, else executes if all other conditions were false. Indentation defines scope of code blocks in Python instead of curly braces. Shorthand if statements can write the if and code on one line when only one statement executes. Nested if statements allow if blocks inside other if blocks. The pass statement is used when an if block is empty to avoid errors.

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Jan Levi Pangilinan
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82 views

Python If-Else

Python uses conditional statements like ==, !=, <, <=, >, >= to check conditions in if, elif, else statements. An if statement executes code if a condition is true, elif executes code if previous conditions were false and it is true, else executes if all other conditions were false. Indentation defines scope of code blocks in Python instead of curly braces. Shorthand if statements can write the if and code on one line when only one statement executes. Nested if statements allow if blocks inside other if blocks. The pass statement is used when an if block is empty to avoid errors.

Uploaded by

Jan Levi Pangilinan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python If ...

Else
PREPARED BY: JAN LEVI O. PANGILINAN
Python Conditions and If statements
Python supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics:
• Equals: a == b
• Not Equals: a != b
• Less than: a < b
• Less than or equal to: a <= b
• Greater than: a > b
• Greater than or equal to: a >= b
These conditions can be used in several ways, most commonly in "if
statements" and loops.
An "if statement" is written by using the if keyword.
Example: In this example we use two
variables, a and b, which are used
a = 33 as part of the if statement to test
b = 200 whether b is greater than a.
As a is 33, and b is 200, we know
that 200 is greater than 33, and so
if b > a:
we print to screen that "b is
print("b is greater than a") greater than a".

Output: b is greater than a


Indentation
• Python relies on indentation (whitespace at the beginning of a line) to
define scope in the code. Other programming languages often use
curly-brackets for this purpose.
Ex:
a = 33 print("b is greater than a")
b = 200 ^
IndentationError: expected an indented
block
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
Elif
• The elif keyword is pythons way of saying "if the previous conditions
were not true, then try this condition".
Ex:
a = 33 OUPUT: a and b are equal
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
Else
• The else keyword catches anything which isn't caught by the preceding
conditions.
a = 200
b = 33 Output: a is greater
if b > a: than b
print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
print("a and b are equal")
else:
print("a is greater than b")
• In this example a is greater than b, so the first condition is not true, also the elif condition is not
true, so we go to the else condition and print to screen that "a is greater than b".
• You can also have an else without the elif:
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a")
else:
print("b is not greater than a")

OUTPUT: b is not greater than a


Short Hand If
• If you have only one statement to execute, you can put it on the same
line as the if statement.
Ex:
a = 200
b = 33

if a > b: print("a is greater than b")


OUTPUT: "a is greater than b"
Short Hand If ... Else
• If you have only one statement to execute, one for if, and one for else,
you can put it all on the same line:
a=2
b = 330

print("A") if a > b else print("B")

OUTPUT: B
You can also have multiple else statements on
the same line:
• One line if else statement, with 3 conditions:

a = 330
b = 330

print("A") if a > b else print("=") if a == b else print("B")


OUTPUT: =
And
• The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine
conditional statements:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c > a:
print("Both conditions are True")
OUTPUT: Both conditions are True
Or
• The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine
conditional statements:
Test if a is greater than b, OR if a is greater than c:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
print("At least one of the conditions is True")
OUTPUT: At least one of the conditions is True
Nested If
• You can have if statements inside if statements, this is called nested if statements.

x = 41

if x > 10:
print("Above ten,")
if x > 20:
print("and also above 20!")
else:
print("but not above 20.")
OUTPUT:
Above ten,
and also above 20!
The pass Statement
• if statements cannot be empty, but if you for some reason have an if
statement with no content, put in the pass statement to avoid getting an
error.
a = 33
b = 200

if b > a:
pass

# having an empty if statement like this, would raise an error without the
pass statement

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