Introduction to

5G System
Architecture
- Diwas Pande
Senior Engineer ,Technical Trainer, Technology Enthusiast
Purpose of 5G System
architecture Introduction-
• 5G will address Enhanced Mobile Broadband(eMBB),Ultra-Reliable Low Latency
communication(URLLLC) and Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) use cases as defined
by the ITU(International Telecommunication Union).
• Introduced to support minimum requirements of 5G i.e. the ITU-R IMT 2020 requirements which
include :
- Peak data rate : 20/10 Gbps (DL/UL)
- User data rate : 100/50 Mbps (DL/UL)
- Average Traffic capacity : 10 Mbps/sqm
- User Plane latency : 1-4 ms
- Control Plane latency : 20 ms
- Connection density : 1 million devices /sqkm
- Mobile station speed : 0-500 km/hr
How these requirements are
realized ?
• MM waves
• Beam Forming
• Massive MIMO
• NFV
• SDN
• SCMA (Sparse Code Multiple Access) used by Huawei
 GSM Network Architechture

HLR NSS
Um B
BSS Gr C
T E
MSC GMSC
S
U Abis
B
E
B
Abis A VLR
T BSC
S
Abis

B
Gn
Packet Core
T Gp Gi
SGSN GGSN PSDN
S
 UMTS Network Architechture

Circuit Core
RNS HLR EIR
Gr
Node B C
Iub
MSC E GMSC
IuCS
Node B
Iub RNC

Iub IuPS Packet Core

Node B Gi
SGSN Gn GGSN PSDN
The 5G System(5GS) comprises of
:
• 5G Access Network (5G-AN)
• 5G Core (5GC)
The 5G Access Network
• Also known as NG – RAN (Next Generation RAN).
• It consists of UE and RAN
 5G Core(5GC) - General
Concepts
• 5GC comprises of various Network Functions implemented using
technologies like NFV(Network Functions Virtualization) and
SDN(Software defined Networks) .
• Separate user plane and control plane function allowing independent
scalability, evolution and flexible deployment.
• Virtualization of Network Functions allows for the capability to introduce
Network Slicing.
• Supports a unified authentication framework.
• Supports Stateless NFs where compute resource is decoupled from the
storage resource.
5G System Architecture –
Reference Point Representation
N13
N13
NSSF
NSSF AUSF
AUSF UDM
UDM

N22
N22 N12
N12 N8
N8
N10
N10
N11
N11 N7
N7 N5
N5
N14
N14 AMF
AMF SMF
SMF PCF
PCF AF
AF
N1
N1 N15
N15
N2
N2 N4
N4
N3
N3 N6
N6
U
U R(AN)
R(AN) UPF
UPF DN
DN
EE

N9
N9
USER PLANE
5G System Architecture –
Service Based Representation
Network Functions and Entities
• AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function)
• SMF (Session Management Function)
• UPF (User Plane Function)
• PCF (Policy Control Function)
• NEF (Network Exposure Function)
• NRF (Network Repository Function)
• UDM (Unified Data Management )
• AUSF (Authentication Server Function)
• N3IWF (Non 3GPP Interworking Function)
• AF (Application Function)
• UDR (Unified Data Repository)
Network Functions and Entities
Cont.…
• UDSF (Unstructured Data Storage Function)
• SMSF
• NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function)
• 5G – EIR
• LMF
• SEPP (Security Edge Protection Proxy)
• NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function)
Interworking between 5GS
and EPS
• Introduction of an inter-Core Network N26 interface between MME and
AMF.
• PGW-C + SMF and UPF + PGW-U are dedicated for interworking between
5GS and EPC, which are optional and are based on UE MM Core Network
Capability and UE subscription.
• UEs that are not subject to 5GS and EPC interworking may be served by
entities not dedicated for interworking, i.e. by either by PGW or SMF/UPF.
• There can be another UPF (not shown in the figure in the next slide)
between the NG-RAN and the UPF + PGW-U, i.e. the UPF + PGW-U can
support N9 towards an additional UPF, if needed.
Non-roaming architecture for interworking
between 5GS and EPS
HSS+U
HSS+U
DM
DM

N10
N10
PCF
PCF
S6a
S6a N7 N11
N11 N8
N7 N8
SMF+
SMF+
S5-C
S5-C PGW-C
PGW-C

S5-U
S5-U UPF
UPF ++
S11 SGW
S11 SGW
PGWU
PGWU
MME
MME AMF
AMF
S1U
S1U N26 N3
N3
S1-MME
S1-MME N2
N2
N1
N1
E-UTRAN
E-UTRAN NG-RAN
NG-RAN

U
U U
U
EE EE