Every nation has its own law

enforcement agency called the Police. One

this is common. The police symbolize the
presence of a civil body politics in everyday
life; they symbolize the capacity of the state
to intervene to common concern of the
state for the affairs of the citizenry. It is
therefore timely to discuss the connection
of globalization to policing.
 Globalization is a package of
transnational flow of people,
production, investment,
information, ideas and
authority.
 Every law enforcement agency in the world
is expected to be the protector of the people’s
rights. Globalization has great impact on every
human right.
The emergence of an “International
regime” for state security and protection of
human rights, growing transnational social
movement networks, increasing consciousness
and information politics have the potential to
address both traditional and emerging forms of
law violation.
1. The First theory, which might be
called the Alertness to Crime Theory.
Is that as a nation develops, people’s
alertness to crime is heightened. They
report more crime to police and
demand the police to become more
effective in solving crime problems.
2. The Second theory, which
might be called the Economic
or Migration Theory, is that
crime everywhere is the result
of unrestrained migration and
overpopulation in urban areas
such as ghettos and slums.
3. The Third theory,
Opportunity Theory, is that
long with higher standards of
living, victims become more
careless of their belongings,
and opportunities for
committing crime multiply.
4. The Fourth theory, called
Demographic theory, is based
on the event when a greater
number of children are being
born. As these baby booms
grow up, delinquent
subcultures develop out of the
adolescent identity crisis.
5. Fifth theory, Deprivation
theory, holds that progress
comes along with rising
expectations. People at the
bottom develop unrealistic
expectations while people at
the top don’t see themselves
rising fast enough.
6. Sixth theory, Modernization
theory, sees the problem as
society becoming too complex.
7. Seventh theory, the Theory
of Anomie and Synomie, (the
latter being term referring to
social cohesion on values),
suggest that progressive
lifestyle and norms result in the
disintegration of older norms
that once held people together.
(Anomie)
Folk-communal Society
has little codification of law, no
specialization among Police, and a
system of punishment that just let things
go for awhile without attention until
things become to much, and then harsh,
barbaric punishment is resorted to.
Classic examples include the early
Roman gentiles, African and Middle
Eastern tribes and Puritan settlements in
North America
Urban-commercial Society
has civil law (some standards
and customs are written down),
specialized police forces (some for
religious offices, other for enforcing
the King’s law), and punishment is
inconsistent, sometimes harsh,
sometimes lenient. Most of the
Continental Europe developed along
this path.
Urban-industrial Society
not only has codified laws
(statutes that prohibited) but laws
that prescribe good behavior, police
become specialized in how to
handle property crimes, and the
system punishment is run in market
principles of creating insensitive
and disincentives.
Bureaucratic Society
has a system of laws (along with
armies of lawyers), police who tend to
keep busy handling political crimes and
terrorism, and a system of punishment
characterized by over criminalization and
overcrowding. The U.S and perhaps only
eight other nations fit the bureaucratic
pattern. Juvenile delinquency is a
phenomenon that only occurs in
bureaucratic society.
Common Law System
also known as Anglo-American Justice,
and exist in the most English-speaking
countries of the world, such as U.S., England,
Australia, and New Zealand. They are
distinguished by a strong adversarial system
are distinctive in the significance they attach
to precedent. They primarily rely upon oral
system of evidence in which the public trial is
a main focal point.
Civil Law System
also known as Continental justice or
Romano-Germanic justice, and practiced
throughout most of the European Union as
well as elsewhere, in places such as
Sweden, Germany, France, and Japan.
They are distinguished by strong
inquisitorial system where less right is
granted to the accused, and the written
law is taken as gospel and subject to little
interpretation.
Socialist System
is also known as Marxist-Leninist justice,
and exist in many places, such as Africa and
Asia, where there had been a Communist
revolution or the remnants of one. They are
distinguished by procedures designed to
rehabilitate or retrain people into fulfilling their
responsibilities to the state.
Islamic System
is also known as Muslim or
Arabic justice, and derive all their
procedures and practices from
interpretation of the Koran. There
are exceptions however, Various
tribes are descendants of the
ancient Greeks, and practice.
Adversarial System
where the accused is innocent until
proven guilty. The U.S adversarial system
is unique in the world. No other nation,
not even the U.K., places as much
emphasis upon determination of factual
guilt in the courtroom as the U.S does.
Inquisitorial System
where the accused is guilty until
proven innocent or mitigated, have more
secret procedures. Outside the U.S., most
trials are concerned with legal guilt where
everyone knows the offender did it, and
the purpose is to get the offender to
apologize, own up to their responsibility,
argue for mercy, or suggest and
appropriate sentence for themselves.
Selected Police Models – here are few of
the chosen police system of different
countries that are distinct with each other
in many terms.

The basis of modeling police system is the

Continental and Modern police System.
Continental Police System
Policing is traditional in nature as it
based its crime control efficiency to the
number of arrest and people being put to
jail for punishment.

Modern Police System

Uses measurement of crime control
efficiency and effectiveness based on
absence of crime or low crime rate to
include citizens satisfaction in terms of
peace and order that propels progress.
1. Switzerland Police
2. Ireland Police
3. Egypt Police
4. Police in Congo
5. Royal Bahamas Police Force
6. Royal Canadian Mounted Police
7. Mexico Police
8. Australian Police
9. Hawaii Department of Public Safety
10. Royal Papua new Guinea Constabulary
11. New Zealand Police
12. Law Enforcement in Argentina
13. Law Enforcement in Brazil
14. Law Enforcement in British Columbia
15. Law Enforcement in Japan
16. Police Organization in China
17. Singapore Police Force
I. Introduction
II. Body
a. History and Origin of the Police Force
b. Ranks and Insignia
c. Current head of the Police Department
d. Technologies used in Crime solving
e. Equipment used by Law Enforcement
f. Current Number of Personnel
III. Comparison to Philippine Law
Enforcement
IV. Summary
V. Recommendation
VI. References
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