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Lecture 18

The document contains 6 problem statements involving tanks of water, salt solutions, or other liquids. The problems involve mixing, heating, cooling, and chemical concentrations over time. All problems are to be solved using the Laplace transform method, and involve determining properties like temperature, salt concentration, or heat transfer as a function of time.

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Muhammad Irfan Malik
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101 views

Lecture 18

The document contains 6 problem statements involving tanks of water, salt solutions, or other liquids. The problems involve mixing, heating, cooling, and chemical concentrations over time. All problems are to be solved using the Laplace transform method, and involve determining properties like temperature, salt concentration, or heat transfer as a function of time.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Irfan Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Statement 1

• A tank holds 100 gal of a water-salt solution in


which 4.0 lb of salt are dissolved. Water runs into
the tank at the rate of 5 gal/min and salt solution
overflows at the same rate. If the mixing in the
tank is adequate to keep the concentration of salt
in the tank uniform at all times, how much salt is
in the tank at the end of 50 min? Solve with the
help of Laplace Transform. Assume that the
density of the salt solution is essentially the same
as that of water.
Problem Statement 2
Oil initially at 60 °F is being heated in a stirred
(perfectly mixed) tank by saturated steam which is
condensing in the steam coils at 40 psia. If the rate
of heat transfer is given by Newton’s heating law,

where Q is the heat transferred in British thermal


units and h is the heat transfer coefficient in the
proper units, how long does it take for the
discharge from the tank to rise from 60 °F to 90 °F?
Solve using Laplace Transformation.
Problem Statement 3
• Consider an engine that generates heat at a rate of 8530
Btu/min. Suppose this engine is cooled with air, and the air
in the engine housing is circulated rapidly enough so that
the air temperature can be assumed uniform and is the
same as that of the outlet air. The air is fed to the housing
at 6.0 lb-mol/min and 65 0F. Also, an average of 0.20 lb-mol
of air is contained within the engine housing and its
temperature variation can be neglected. If heat is lost from
the housing to its surroundings at a rate of Ql (Btu/min) =
33.0(T - 65 0F) and the engine is started with the inside air
temperature equal to 65 0F, using the Laplace
Transformation derive an equation for the variation of the
outlet temperature with time.
Problem Statement 4
• Initially the tank contains 200-gallon of pure
water. At time t = 0, a brine solution of 3
pounds of salt per gallon of water is added to
the container at the rate of 4 gallons per
minute, and the well-stirred mixture is drained
from the container at the same rate. Using the
Laplace Transform, find the number of pounds
of salt in the container as a function of time.
Problem Statement 5
• At time t = 0, the tank contains 50 gallons of
brine with a concentration of 5 lbs. of salt per
gallon. Pure water is added at the rate of 10
gallons per minute while the well-mixed
solution is drained out, also at 10 gallons per
minute. When does the tank contain exactly
100 lbs. of salt? Solve using Laplace
Transformation.
Problem Statement 6
• A cylindrical tank 5 ft in diameter and 5 ft high is
full of water at 70 °F. The water is to be heated by
means of a steam jacket around the sides only.
The steam temperature is 230°F, and the overall
coefficient of heat transfer is constant at 40
Btu/(hr)(ft2)(°F). Use Newton’s law of cooling
(heating) to estimate the heat transfer. Neglecting
the heat losses from the top and the bottom,
using the Laplace Transformation calculate the
time necessary to raise the temperature of the
tank contents to 170°F.

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