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    Design Project 9.3 Lukman Martinus G G 02111540000115

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    Lukman Martinus Gunawan
    The document describes the design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool crude oil from 102°C to 65°C using city water at 21°C. Two preliminary designs are considered that vary the shell diameter, number of tubes, and tube layout. Both designs are rated and found to meet criteria, with Design 2 having slightly lower pressure drops and a shorter length. Design 1 has the advantage of fewer tubes. Design 2 is selected as the optimal preliminary design.

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    Design Project 9.3 Lukman Martinus G G 02111540000115

    Uploaded by

    Lukman Martinus Gunawan
    287 views12 pages
    The document describes the design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool crude oil from 102°C to 65°C using city water at 21°C. Two preliminary designs are considered that vary the shell diameter, number of tubes, and tube layout. Both designs are rated and found to meet criteria, with Design 2 having slightly lower pressure drops and a shorter length. Design 1 has the advantage of fewer tubes. Design 2 is selected as the optimal preliminary design.

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    The document describes the design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool crude oil from 102°C to 65°C using city water at 21°C. Two preliminary designs are considered that vary the shell diameter, number of tubes, and tube layout. Both designs are rated and found to meet criteria, with Design 2 having slightly lower pressure drops and a shorter length. Design 1 has the advantage of fewer tubes. Design 2 is selected as the optimal preliminary design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    287 views12 pages

    Design Project 9.3 Lukman Martinus G G 02111540000115

    Uploaded by

    Lukman Martinus Gunawan
    The document describes the design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool crude oil from 102°C to 65°C using city water at 21°C. Two preliminary designs are considered that vary the shell diameter, number of tubes, and tube layout. Both designs are rated and found to meet criteria, with Design 2 having slightly lower pressure drops and a shorter length. Design 1 has the advantage of fewer tubes. Design 2 is selected as the optimal preliminary design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    The document discusses the design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool crude oil using city water. Two potential designs are proposed and analyzed based on parameters such as pressure drop, heat transfer coefficient, and pump work.

    The heat exchanger is designed to cool 120 kg/s of crude oil entering at 102°C down to 65°C by using city water at 21°C flowing at 65 kg/s as the coolant.

    The crude oil properties given are density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, Prandtl number and heat capacity at various temperatures. The water properties provided are similar parameters at its operating temperature.

    PROJECT HEAT

    EXCHANGER DESIGN
    LUKMAN MARTINUS GUNAWAN GO
    02111540000115
    PROBLEM

    Design a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be used as a crude oil


    cooler. 120 kg/s of crude oil enters the shell side of the heat
    exchanger at 102°C and leaves at 65°C. The coolant to be used is city
    water entering the tube side at 21°C with a flow rate of 65 kg/s.
    Shell-side pressure drop is limited to 150 kPa.
    Preliminary estimation of unit size
    Size and Pipe Material :
    -carbon steel ( k = 60 W/m.k ) 1 inch OD, 8 BWG tubes on a 1 in. square pitch, straight tubes (
    25,4 mm OD & 17,2 mm ID ) and tube is squared pitch with PR = 1,25
    Number of Tube passes : 1
    Number of Shell passes : 1
    Length of Tube = 2 m
    CTP = 0,93 ( For 1 Tube Passes )
    CL = 1 ( For Square Layout )
    Baffle spacing ≈ 0,5 from shell diameter
    Baffle cut = 25%
    Counter flow
    Properties & assumption
    Crude Oil ( At 357K ) • Water ( At 311 K ) • Oil ( At 60,78ºC ≈ 333,8 K )
    - ρ = 786,4 kg/m3 - ρ = 995 kg/m3 - µw = 0,002 Pa.S
    - µb = 0,00189 Pa.S - µb = 0,00072 Pa.S
    - k = 0,122 W/m.k - k = 0,605 W/m.k
    - Pr = 33,73
    - Cp = 4,2 KJ/kg
    - Cp = 2,1 KJ/kg
    - Pr = 6,29
    • We need to estimate heat transfer coefficient for both fluid :
    - hw = 4500 W/m2.k
    - ho = 1300 W/m2.k
    • Assume F = 0,9 ( LMTD correction factor )
    • Water Flow inside tube and Oil Flow on Shell
    Calculation FOR ESTIMATION OF UNIT
    SIZE
    1. T out cold (Water ) 4. Heat Load

    From Q hot = Q cold


    = 9324 kW
    =

    Tc2 = 55,15 ºC 5. Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient For clean

    2. Log Mean Temperature Difference = 837,05 W/m2.k

    = 45,41 ºC 6. Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient For fouling

    3. Log Mean Temperature Difference = 684,29 W/m2.k


    With Correction Factor

    = 40,87 ºC
    7. Area
    8. %Over Surface
    For Fouling For Clean
    = 122,3%
    = 333,42 m2 = 272,57m2 (over surface 22,3%)

    9. Shell Diameter ( Estimation )


    10. Baffle Spacing
    𝐵 = 0,4 𝐷𝑠
    = 0,976 m
    = 0,488 ≈ 0,5

    11. Number Of Tubes

    = 659
    Design Result
    From Table 9.3 For 1-in. OD tubes on 1-1/4-in. Square From Table 9.3 For 1-in. OD tubes on 1-1/4-in.
    pitch and From Estimated Ds = 38,47 inch and Nt = triangular pitch and From Estimated Ds = 34,45 inch
    659 we can use : and Nt = 756 we can use :
    Design : 1 Design : 2
    Shell Diameter : 39 Inch = 0,991 m • Shell Diameter : 21¾ Inch = 0,552 m
    Number of Tube Passes : 1 ( Max number of tube = 665) • Number of Tube Passes : 1 ( Max number of tube =
    766 )
    Number of Tube : 659
    • Number of Tube : 756
    Tube length : 6,2 m • Tube length : 5,4 m
    Tube Diameter : OD = 25,4 mm & ID = 17,2 mm • Tube Diameter : OD = 25,4 mm & ID = 17,2 mm
    Baffle Spacing : B = 0,5 m & Baffle cut 25% • Baffle Spacing : B = 0,5 m & Baffle cut 25%
    Pitch ratio Pτ / do = 1,25 & square pitch • Pitch ratio Pτ / do = 1,25 & triangular pitch
    Pτ = 0,02375 m • Pτ = 0,02375 m
    Calculation for RATING OF
    PRELIMINARY DESIGN
    For Shell :
    For Tube : 6. Nusselt Number
    1. Equivalent Diameter 5. Friction Factor
    1. Area of Tube For Turbulent Flow

    6. Nusselt Number For Laminar Flow


    2. Surface Area
    2. Velocity in tube

    7. Inner Heat
    Transfer Coefficient
    3. Reynold Number
    3. Mass Velocity 7. Outer Heat Transfer Coefficient
    𝑁𝑢. 𝑘
    ℎ𝑜 =
    𝐷𝑒
    4. Reynold Number 4. Friction Factor
    Calculation for RATING OF
    PRELIMINARY DESIGN
    1. Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient for Fouling 5. Length 6. Number Of Baffles

    2. Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient for Clean 7. Pressure Drop


    For Shell For Tube

    3. %Over Surface
    8. Work Pump

    For Shell : For Tube :


    4. Total Area For Fouling
    Result From RATING
    DESIGN 1 DESIGN 2
    Uf 647,42 W/m2.k Uf 636,74 W/m2.k
    Af 352,41 m2 Af 358,32 m2
    L 6,5 m L 5,4 m
    Nb 11 Nb 10
    ∆P shell 130,65 kPa ∆P shell 119,352 kPa
    ∆P tube 14,51 kPa ∆P tube 10,796 kPa
    W pump shell 24,92 Kw W pump shell 22,77 kW
    W pump tube 1,18 kW W pump tube 0,881 kW
    Conlusion
    Kesimpulan dari pengujian :
    - L terkecil dari design ke 2 yaitu = 5,4 m
    - Pressure Drop on Shell terkecil dari design 2 = 119,352 kPa ( Oil )
    - Pressure Drop on Tube terkecil dari design 2 = 10,796 kPa ( Water )
    Didapatkan L rating yang lebih besar dari L design ( 6,1 m & 5,4 m ) maka panjang heat exchanger
    bertambah menjadi sepanjang L rating ( 6,5 m & 5,8 m )
    Pressure Drop di oil dibawah batasnya yaitu 150 kPa
    Design 1 dan Design 2 sama-sama memenuhi kriteria, design 2 mempunyai keunggulan di pressure drop
    tube dan pressure drop shell lebih kecil dan Panjang Heat exchanger lebih pendek, dan design 1
    mempunyai keunggulan di banyak pipa yang lebih sedikit.
    DESIGN
    Oil in

    Pipe detail

    oil Out
    Water in
    Water Out

    ( satuan dalam mm )

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