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Lesson 10 - Mean & Standard Deviation

Here are the answers to the quiz questions: 1) Mean is the average value of a data set. Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the values are from the mean. It tells us how concentrated the data is around the mean. A lower standard deviation means the data points tend to be very close to the mean; a higher standard deviation indicates the data points are more spread out. 2) Mean of sampling distribution of x̅ = 1000 hours Standard deviation of sampling distribution of x̅ = 20/√4 = 5 hours 3) a) Population mean (μ) = 9, standard deviation (σ) = 3.14 b) All 10 samples and their means are listed c

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Noellah Jeannica Macam
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485 views34 pages

Lesson 10 - Mean & Standard Deviation

Here are the answers to the quiz questions: 1) Mean is the average value of a data set. Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the values are from the mean. It tells us how concentrated the data is around the mean. A lower standard deviation means the data points tend to be very close to the mean; a higher standard deviation indicates the data points are more spread out. 2) Mean of sampling distribution of x̅ = 1000 hours Standard deviation of sampling distribution of x̅ = 20/√4 = 5 hours 3) a) Population mean (μ) = 9, standard deviation (σ) = 3.14 b) All 10 samples and their means are listed c

Uploaded by

Noellah Jeannica Macam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aside from computations, understanding

the terms and relationships of these terms


in studying mathematics (especially
statistics) is very important.
Take a Look at This…

According to the latest WHO data published in


2018 the average life expectancy in Philippines
is:

Male  66.2
Female  72.6

and total life expectancy is 69.3 which gives


Philippines a World Life Expectancy ranking of
123. https://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/philippines-life-expectancy
Take a Look at This…

NEDA Now Says P42,000 Is a 'Decent'


Income for a Filipino Family of Five

The amount will allow a family to live above


poverty line, according to NEDA
This statement was made after NEDA
Undersecretary Rosemarie Edillon gave Php10,000
as a hypothetical figure for a family’s monthly
budget to show the effects of inflation

https://www.smartparenting.com.ph/life/news/p42-000-is-decent-
income-for-a-family-of-five-says-neda-a00026-20180608
Mean & Variance of
the Sample Means
Let us define…

Standard Deviation
The Standard Deviation is a
measure of how spread out
numbers are.

Its symbol is σ (the Greek letter sigma)

The formula is easy: it is


the square root of
the Variance. So now you ask,
"What is the Variance?"
Let us define…

Variance
The average of
the squared differences from
the Mean.
You and your friends have just measured the heights of
your dogs (in millimeters). The heights (at the shoulders) are:
600mm, 470mm, 170mm, 430mm and 300mm.

Find out the mean, the variance, and the


standard deviation.
MEAN = (600 + 470 + 170 + 430 + 300)/5

= 1970/5
= 394
We calculate each dog's difference from the mean:
Which dog/s are within the normal size?

Deviation just means how far from the normal.


Finding the Mean and
Variance of the Sampling
Distribution of Means
Properties the Sampling
Distribution of Sample Means
If all possible samples of size n are drawn from a population
of size N with mean 𝝁 and variance 𝝈𝟐, then the sampling distribution
of the sample means has the following properties:

1) 𝜇 × = 𝜇 Mean

𝜎2 Variance
2) 𝜎2 × = 𝑛

𝜎
3) 𝜎 × = 𝑛 Standard Deviation
The Central Limit Theorem
If random samples of size n are
drawn from a population, then as n
becomes larger, the sampling
distribution of the mean approaches
the normal distribution, regardless of
the shape of the population
distribution.
Example 1

Consider a population consisting of


1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Suppose samples of
size 2 are drawn from this population.
Compute the mean of the sampling
distribution of the sample means.
Solution to Example 1
Step 1. Determine the number Step 2. List all possible
of possible samples of samples and their
size n = 2. corresponding means.

NCn
N=5 n=2

5C2 = 10
Step 3. Construct the sampling Step 4. Compute the mean of the
distribution of the sample means. sampling distribution of the sample
means (μX).
Example 2
Consider a population consisting of
1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Suppose samples of
size 2 are drawn from this population.
Compute the variance the
sampling distribution of the sample
means.
Solution to Example 2
Example 3
A population has a mean of 60 and a
standard deviation of 5. A random sample of
16 measurements is drawn from this
population.
Describe the sampling distribution of the
sample means by computing its mean and
standard deviation.

Assume that the population is infinite.


Solution to Example 3
More Examples (1)
The birth weights of newborn babies in the
Philippines follow a normal distribution with a mean
of 3.4 kg and a standard deviation of 0.6 kg.

Researchers interested in studying how children


gain weight decide to take random samples
of 100 newborn babies and calculate the sample mean
birth weight xˉ for each sample.

Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the


sampling distribution of xˉ.

Mean = 3.4 kg S.D. = 0.06 kg


More Examples (2)
A guava producer sells their product in bags that each
contain 16 guavas. These guavas have a mean weight
of 80 grams and a standard deviation of 5 grams.

Suppose that each bag represents an Simple


Random Sample of guavas, and we calculate the sample
mean weight xˉ of the guavas in each bag.

Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the


sampling distribution of xˉ.

Mean = 80 grams S.D. = 1.25 grams


More Examples (3)
Karina plays a video game that is scored by round. In
about 500 rounds, her career average is 20 points per round
with a variance of 25 points per round. Suppose we take
random samples of 3 past rounds and calculate the mean
number of points xˉ that she scored in each sample.

Calculate the mean and variance of the sampling


distribution of xˉ.

Mean = 20 points S.D. = 8.33 points


Example 4

The scores of individual students on a


national test have a normal distribution with
mean 18.6 and standard deviation 5.9.
At Federico Ramos Rural High School,
76 students took the test. If the scores at this
school have the same distribution as national
scores, what are the mean and standard
deviation of the sample mean for 76
students?
Example 5

In 2015, the mean return of all common stocks on


the Philippine Stock Exchange was 3.5%. The
standard deviation of the returns was about 26%.

A student of finance forms all possible portfolios


that invested equal amounts in 5 of these stocks
and records the return for each portfolio. This
return is the average of the returns of the 5 stocks
chosen. What are the mean and standard deviation
of the portfolio returns?
Trivia…

Did you know that…

The average woman smiles


62 times a day. The average
man smiles only 8 times.
Trivia…

Did you know that…

Women speak an average of


about 7,000 words a day.
Men average just over 2,000.
Trivia…

Did you know that…


Trivia…
Checking of
Understanding
QUIZ

1) Define/explain mean &


standard deviation in your
own understanding.
QUIZ

Answer the
following problem.

2) A light bulb manufacturer claims that a certain type


of bulb they make has a mean lifetime of 1000 hours
and a standard deviation of 20 hours.
Each package sold contains 4 of these bulbs.
Suppose that each package represents a Simple
Random Sampling of bulbs, and we calculate the
sample mean lifetime xˉ of the bulbs in each package.
Calculate the mean and standard deviation
of the sampling distribution of xˉ.
QUIZ Answer the following problem.

3) Consider all samples of size 5 from this population:


2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13

a. Compute the mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of the


population.
b. List all samples of size 5 and compute the mean for each
sample.
c. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.
d. Calculate the mean of the sampling distribution of the
sample means. Compare this to the mean of the
population.
e. Calculate the standard deviation of the sampling
distribution of the sample means. Compare this to the
standard deviation of the population.

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