Randomized Block Design Method

RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN
METHOD
Prepared by
SHARATH KUMAR R
1-Year M.E. WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
STATISTICS FOR WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY
CHIDAMBARAM
Experimental Design
Experimental design is a statistical method in which researcher plans to
observe effect of desired factors on response.
Experimental design are important for determining cause and effect

relationship between dependent variable and independent variable.
Experimental designs are developed to compare and screening out important

variables or for obtaining optimal responses or for optimal predictions.
In Experimental design study, one or more factors are controlled so that data
can be obtained about how the factors influence the variables of interest.
Types of Experimental Design
Before & after with Control Design
Before &after without Control Design
After only with Control Design
Completely Randomized Design
Randomised Block Design
Latin Square Cross Over Design
Factorial design
What is Block Design?
It is a type of Experimental design.
In Statistics
The design of experiments, blocking is the arranging of experimental units in groups (blocks)
that are similar to one another. Typically, a blocking factor is a source of variability that is not of
primary interest to the experimenter.
In Mathematics
A block design is a set together with a family of subsets whose members are chosen
to satisfy some set of properties that are deemed useful for a particular application.
What is Randomized Design?
 A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) is one where the treatments are
assigned completely at random so that each experimental unit has the same
chance of receiving any one treatment. For the CRD, any difference among
experimental units receiving the same treatment is considered as experimental
error.
 In the design of experiments, completely randomized designs are for studying
the effects of one primary factor without the need to take other nuisance
variables into account. The experiment compares the values of a response
variable based on the different levels of that primary factor.
 This is one of the most widely used experimental design.
Application of Completely Randomized design
1) In a pharmaceutical company to test the effects of different drugs
2) A sample is randomly selected from the vast population is taken.
3) In this case, samples are people who volunteer for drug testing.
4) The sample is divided randomly into equal number of groups without
assuming any primary factors.
5) Each experimental unit is randomly assigned to a random group to receive a
different drug test.
6) Each unit in sample group will receive a same drug.
7) At the end of testing period, effects of drug in the samples are analysed and
results are compared.
Randomized Block Design(RBD)
 In a randomized block design, the experimenter divides subjects into

homogeneous subgroups called blocks, such that the variability within each
block is less than the variability between blocks. Then, subjects within each
block are randomly assigned to treatment conditions.
 Since only the variation within a bloc becomes part of experimental error,
RBD is most effective when experimental area has a predictable pattern of
variable.
Application of Randomized Block Design(RBD)
1) In a pharmaceutical company to test the effects of different drugs.
2) A homogeneous sample randomly selected from the vast population is
taken.
3) In RBD primary factors are considered, i.e. A Blocking Variable.
4) If the researcher believes gender has an effect on the result, Gender is
considered as blocking variable.
5) Assign the samples based on the factors of blocking variable.
6) There would be two blocks with one for Males and another for Females.
7) Experimental units in each block is randomly assigned with a different drug
(one treatment to a unit in each block)to test the effects.
8) At the end of testing period, effects of drug in the samples are analysed and
results are compared.
Advantages & Disadvantages of RBD
Advantages of RBD
 The precision is more in RBD.
 The amount of information obtained in RBD is more as compared to CRD.
 RBD is more flexible. Statistical analysis is simple and easy.
 Even if some values are missing, still the analysis can be done by using missing
plot technique.
Disadvantages of RBD
• When the number of treatments is increased, the block size will increase.
• If the block size is large maintaining homogeneity is difficult and hence when
more number of treatments is present this design may not be suitable.
References
• Ms. Sonali B. Diwate (2014),A Review on Experimental Designs,
Modern C.O.P, Pune.
• Dr. Kausik Ku. Panigrahi(Asst. Prof.), Design of Experiment, University
of Agriculture and Technology, Orissa.
• Dr. Manu Melwin Joy(Asst. Prof.),Statistical Methods for Engineering
Research, Cochin University of Science & Technology
THANK YOU

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RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN

Experimental design are important for determining cause and effect

Experimental designs are developed to compare and screening out important

Before &after without Control Design

After only with Control Design

Completely Randomized Design

Randomised Block Design

Latin Square Cross Over Design

 In a randomized block design, the experimenter divides subjects into

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