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Permutations

This document discusses permutations, combinations, and the counting principle for determining the total number of possible outcomes in different situations. It provides examples of when to use permutations versus combinations, such as when the order of items does or does not matter. The counting principle is introduced as a way to calculate outcomes when there are different categories. Students are prompted to try applying these concepts to example problems involving arranging races, cake orders, and sweater displays.

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ironick
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363 views15 pages

Permutations

This document discusses permutations, combinations, and the counting principle for determining the total number of possible outcomes in different situations. It provides examples of when to use permutations versus combinations, such as when the order of items does or does not matter. The counting principle is introduced as a way to calculate outcomes when there are different categories. Students are prompted to try applying these concepts to example problems involving arranging races, cake orders, and sweater displays.

Uploaded by

ironick
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Permutations, Combinations &

Counting Principle
Essential Questions:

What’s the difference between a


permutation & combination?
When do we use the counting
principle?
Can you find the total number of
outcomes?
• Permutation or Combination You Decide!
My fruit salad contains grapes, pineapples,
strawberries, and blueberries.

• Does it matter what order I place the


ingredients in the bowl?

• Which one is it?


• It is a Combination
• The order that you put the fruit in the fruit
salad does not matter so you do not count the
repeated events.
• So grapes, pineapple, strawberries,
blueberries is the same as blueberries,
strawberries, pineapple, grapes.
• Permutation or Combination You Decide!

• My locker combination is 23-5-17.

• Does it matter what order I turn the numbers?

• Which one is it?


• It is a permutation.

• Another set of numbers in a different order


will not open your locker so the order DOES
matter.
• So 23- 5 - 17 is very different that 23 - 17 - 5
or any other set of these 3 numbers.
• Counting Principle – involves outcomes with
different categories similar to a tree diagram.
• Example: You are making a password for your
computer. You will use 2 letters and 1 number,
repeats are allowed.

• You have different categories:


• Letter • Letter • Number
• 26 • 26 • 10 = 6760 outcomes possible
YOU TRY!
1)How many ways can 7 students finish a race in
1st , 2nd, and 3rd place?

First decide if the order matters or not. Then


calculate.
2) How many ways can you order a white,
chocolate, or yellow cake, with chocolate or
vanilla icing, and 20 possible designs on top?

First think about what kind of problem this is.


Are there different categories or not? Does the
order matter?
2) This uses the counting principle because there
are 3 different categories involved: the type of
cake, type of icing, and the type of design.

3 • 2 • 20 = 120 possible outcomes


3) How many ways can you arrange 3 sweaters
in a display window from 8 sweaters?

First decide whether the order matters. Then


calculate.
• Permutation (counting principle) example
without replacement.
You are creating a password with 4 digits. You
cannot repeat a number, how many possible
arrangements are there?

There are 10 digits, so start with that and each


other digit will go down by one.

So 10 • 9 • 8 • 7 = 5040 possible outcomes

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