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2-5 Postulates and Paragraph Proofs

This document discusses postulates in geometry, which are basic statements accepted as true without proof. It defines postulates and provides examples from Euclid's work The Elements. It then poses questions about points, lines, and planes that can be answered by applying specific postulates. These include questions about the minimum number of points needed to determine a line or plane, and what the intersection of lines or planes looks like. The document aims to introduce students to fundamental postulates in geometry.

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Jesamie Nerosa
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224 views24 pages

2-5 Postulates and Paragraph Proofs

This document discusses postulates in geometry, which are basic statements accepted as true without proof. It defines postulates and provides examples from Euclid's work The Elements. It then poses questions about points, lines, and planes that can be answered by applying specific postulates. These include questions about the minimum number of points needed to determine a line or plane, and what the intersection of lines or planes looks like. The document aims to introduce students to fundamental postulates in geometry.

Uploaded by

Jesamie Nerosa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2-5 Postulates and

Paragraph Proofs

• Identify and use basic postulates


about points, lines, and planes.
Definition
A postulate or axion is a statement that is
accepted as true without proof.
Basic ideas about points, lines, and planes can
be stated as postulates.
Euclid
• Greek mathematician
• Wrote The Elements
around 300BC
• Organized geometry
& other maths into a
deductive system.
• Called basic
assumptions—self-
evident truths
• Self-evident
truths=postulates
Questions????
What is the smallest number of points through
which only one line can be drawn?
Questions????
Three points, A, B, and C are not all on the
same line. How many planes contain all
three of the points?

P
A C
B
Questions????
What does the intersection of two planes
look like?
Questions????
If a plane contains two points of a line, must
it contain the whole line?
Questions????
What is the smallest number of points that
cannot be contained in just one plane?

B P
A C
Lines & Points Postulate 2.1

Every line contains at least two points.


Plane Postulate 2.2
Three noncollinear points are contained in
one and only one plane. (Three
noncollinear points determine a plane.)

1 3
Straight-Line Postulate 2.3
Two points are contained in one and only
one line. (Two points determine a line.)
Points-Existence Postulate 2.4

Every plane contains


at least three
noncollinear points.
Flat-Plane Postulate 2.5
If two points are in a plane, then the line
containing the points is in the same plane.

1
Intersecting Lines 2.6
If two lines intersect, then their intersection
is exactly one point.
s

t
Plane-Intersection Postulate 2.7
If two planes intersect, then their intersection
is a line.
ARCHITECTURE Explain how
the picture illustrates that the
statement is true. Then state
the postulate that can be used
to show the statement is true.
A. Points F and G lie in plane Q
and on line m. Line m lies
entirely in plane Q.
Answer: Points F and G lie on line m, and the
line lies in plane Q. Postulate 2.5, which
states that if two points lie in a plane,
the entire line containing the points lies
in that plane, shows that this is true.
ARCHITECTURE Explain how
the picture illustrates that the
statement is true. Then state
the postulate that can be used
to show the statement is true.
B. Points A and C determine a
line.

Answer: Points A and C lie along an edge, the


line that they determine. Postulate 2.1,
which says through any two points
there is exactly one line, shows that this
is true.
ARCHITECTURE Refer to the
picture. State the postulate that
can be used to show the
statement is true.
A. Plane P contains points E, B,
and G.
A. Through any two points there
is exactly one line.
B. A line contains at least two
points.
C. A plane contains at least three
noncollinear points.
D. A plane contains at least two
noncollinear points.
ARCHITECTURE Refer to the
picture. State the postulate that can
be used to show the statement is
true.
B. Line AB and line BC intersect at
point B.
A. Through any two points there is
exactly one line.
B. A line contains at least two points.
C. If two lines intersect, then their
intersection is exactly one point.
D. If two planes intersect, then their
intersection is a line.
B. Determine whether the following statement is
always, sometimes, or never true. Explain.
contains three noncollinear points.

Answer: Never; noncollinear points do not lie on


the same line by definition.
A. Determine whether the statement is always,
sometimes, or never true.
Plane A and plane B intersect in exactly one point.

A. always

B. sometimes

C. never
Found on page 127 in your book.
2-5 Assignment day 1
Page 131, 16-29

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