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Depillaring With Caving

The document discusses underground coal mining methods, including development, depillaring, and special methods. Development involves forming galleries and pillars to extract 15-20% of coal, while depillaring extracts the remaining 80-85% by removing pillars. Allowing the roof to cave after depillaring or refilling voids with sand can prevent air blasts caused by sudden roof collapses that endanger miners and equipment. Surface effects of underground caving include subsidence basins, damage to structures and water tables. Instruments like convergence recorders measure pillar movement during extraction.

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rohit vishwakarma
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652 views36 pages

Depillaring With Caving

The document discusses underground coal mining methods, including development, depillaring, and special methods. Development involves forming galleries and pillars to extract 15-20% of coal, while depillaring extracts the remaining 80-85% by removing pillars. Allowing the roof to cave after depillaring or refilling voids with sand can prevent air blasts caused by sudden roof collapses that endanger miners and equipment. Surface effects of underground caving include subsidence basins, damage to structures and water tables. Instruments like convergence recorders measure pillar movement during extraction.

Uploaded by

rohit vishwakarma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Winning of Coal or its Products

1. Opencast method
2. Underground Method
3. Gassification of coal seams
Underground Method

1. Development
2. Depillaring
3. Special Methods
Development of Seam

Development means formation of galleries


and pillars. In other words formation of
skeleton

1. During development, the extraction of


coal will be around 15% to 20%
2. Remaining 80% to 85% will be
extracted in depillaring
Depillaring

Extraction of coal from already formed


pillars.

1. Depillaring with caving


2. Depillaring with sand stowing
Caving means, allowing the roof to collapse
after extraction of coal.

Stowing: Refilling the de-coaled area with


sand or other incombustibles.
What happens, if roof not collapsed.
1. The hanging roof exerts pressures on
to the pillars, stooks and ribs.
2. Roof become bad.
3. Sudden collapse of roof cause Air
Blast.
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What is Air Blast

Displacement of air through narrow


openings/galleries by sudden collapse
of roof.
What happens in case of Air Blast

Due to sudden release of air through narrow


openings/galleries.

1. The persons, machines and material which


in path of air will be thrown away. Some
times some tonnes of weights also.
2. It also sucks persons into the goaf/de-coaled
area.
3. Over riding of working places.
Precautions to prevent Air Blasts

1. Bringing down the roof with induced


blasting in goaf area, at regular
intervals.
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1. Reduction of ribs as much as
possible.
2. Keeping the openings free from
obstructions.
3. Maintaining diagonal line.
Effects of caving on surface

1. Formation of subsidence basins on surface.


2. Damage to surface structures.
3. Damage to water table.
Instruments to measure
convergence

1. Telescopic Convergence recorders.


2. Tel-tales
3. Bore Hole Extensometers.
4. Strain Gauges.
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