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Chapter 03 Orthographic Projection

Orthographic projection is a technique used to create multiview drawings by projecting the features of an object onto imaginary planes of projection perpendicular to the object. It involves imagining the object contained within a glass box with six glass walls representing projection planes. The object views are created by projecting corners and edges of the object onto each projection plane using projection lines, and connecting the projections to form two-dimensional views. The process is repeated for each projection plane to generate orthographic views like the front, top, and side views of an object.

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221 views14 pages

Chapter 03 Orthographic Projection

Orthographic projection is a technique used to create multiview drawings by projecting the features of an object onto imaginary planes of projection perpendicular to the object. It involves imagining the object contained within a glass box with six glass walls representing projection planes. The object views are created by projecting corners and edges of the object onto each projection plane using projection lines, and connecting the projections to form two-dimensional views. The process is repeated for each projection plane to generate orthographic views like the front, top, and side views of an object.

Uploaded by

rahul555555
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 5

Orthographic
PREPARED BY
Projection
MR. AUTADE R.S. M.E.(DESIGN)
Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is a technique
that is used to create multiview drawings.
Orthographic projection is any projection
of the features of an object onto an
imaginary plane of projection. The
projection of the features of the object is
made by lines of sight that are
perpendicular to the plane of projection.
Orthographic Projection

The best way to


understand
orthographic
projection is to
imagine an object
contained inside
a glass box.
Orthographic Projection
There is a total of
six glass walls
surrounding the
object. Each wall
represents a
projection plane
onto which a two-
dimensional object
view will be created.
Projection Plane

A projection plane, also referred to as a


plane of projection or picture plane, is an
imaginary surface that exists between the
viewer and the object.
The projection plane is the surface onto
which a two-dimensional view of a three-
dimensional object is projected and
created.
Orthographic Projection
Start by focusing
only on the front
2
projection plane.
A person standing in 3

front of the object 1


would see only the
4
five corners
identified in black. 5
Orthographic Projection
Projection lines are
used to project each
corner outward until
they reach the
projection plane.
Projection Lines

A projection line is an imaginary line that


is used to locate or project the corners,
edges, and features of a three-dimensional
object onto an imaginary two-dimensional
surface.
Orthographic Projection

The visible edges


of the object are
then identified on
the projection
plane by
connecting the
projected corners
with object lines.
Orthographic Projection

The orthographic
projection
process is then
repeated on the
other projection
planes.
Top view

Front view Right side view


Advantage It represents accurate shape and size.

Disadvantage Require practice in writing and reading.

Example
Basic Line Types
Name according
Types of Lines Appearance
to application

Continuous thick line Visible line

Continuous thin line Dimension line


Extension line
Leader line

Dash thick line Hidden line

Chain thin line Center line


Meaning of Lines
Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the
current view

Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in


the current view

Center line represents symmetry, path of motion, centers


of circles, axis of axisymmetrical parts

Dimension and Extension lines indicate the sizes and


location of features on a drawing

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