1

Group No 4
Group Members:-
Rana Afrasyab Saeed (2016-CH-437)
Mubeen Zafar (2016-CH-408)
Arslan Ikram (2016-CH-448)
Abdul Sami Abbasi (2016-CH-455)

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50000 MTPY Production of N-Butanal
by Hydroformylation of Propylene

3
Contents

 Material Balance of Equipments

 Energy Balances

4
Process Flow Diagram

5
6
Material Balance

7
 Overall Plant Balance

Propylene I-Butanal 10
1
N-Butanal 11
Syn-Gas
Overall Plant balance
Impure Syn-gas a
2

Ullman I. N. (1985). Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

Tudor, R., & Ashley, M. (2007). Enhancement of Industrial Hydroformylation Processes by the Adoption of
Rhodium-Based Catalyst: Part I. Platinum Metals Review, 51(3). 8
Stream No 1 2 10 11 A
(kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr)
Components
Syngas 0.0 3820 0.0 0.0 0

Propylene 3820 0.0 0.0 0.0 0

I-Butanal 0.0 0.0 327.3 0

N-Butanal 0.0 0.0 0.0 6218.9 0

Syn gas 0 0 0 0 1094

Total 3820.1 3819.6 327.3 6218.9 1095

Stream 1 + Stream 2 = Stream 10 + Stream 11 + Stream a
7640 kg/hr = 7640 kg/hr 9
 Reactor Balance
Rh ligand
2C6H6 + 2H2 + 2CO N-C4H8O + I-C4H8O
120-180 0C/ 600 Kpa
1

Propylene N&I-Butanal Vapous

8
Reactor + Syn-gas
4

Unreacted Propylene N&I Butanal Mixture 3

+ Syn-gas + Catalyst
Catalyst + Unreacted Propylene

Raphael Frans Caers , Edegem (BE), Eddy Theophyle Andrea Van Driessche, Eeklo (BE) (2007) US Patent No100282134
Stream No 1 8 3 4 5
(kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr)
Components

Syngas 0.0 3819.6 0.0 1087.0 0.0

Propylene 3820.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Unreacted 0.0 55.5 95.5 0.0 0.0

N & I Butanal
vapours 0.0 0.0 0.0 163.7 0.0
Mixture Of N
and I Butanal 0.0 0.0 6382.5 0.0 0.0
Catalyst 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 39.9
Total 3820.1 3875.1 6484.0 1250.7 39.9
Stream 1 + Stream 8 + Stream 5 = Stream 3 + Stream 4
11
7735 kg/hr = 7735 kg/hr
 Distillation Column Balance

9 Distillation Column Balance I-Butanal 10

Mixture of N&I Butanal

N-Butanal 11

12
 Stream No 9 (kg/hr) 10 ( kg/hr) 11 (kg/hr)
Components
I-Butanal 0.0 327.3 0.0

N-Butanal 0.0 0.0 6218.9

Mixture Of N and I
Butanal 6546.2 0.0 0.0

Total 6546.2 327.3 6218.9

Stream 9 = Stream 10 + Stream 11

6546.2 kg/hr = 6546.2 kg/hr

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 Separator Balance

3
Reactor I-Butanal 5

Mixture of N&I Butanal

N-Butanal 6

Raphael Frans Caers , Edegem (BE), Eddy Theophyle Andrea Van Driessche, Eeklo (BE) (2007) US Patent No 0282134
14
 Stream No 9 (kg/hr) 10 (kg/hr) 11 (kg/hr)
Components
Catalyst 5.984327 5.984327 0
Unreacted
Propylene 55.50159 0.555016 54.94657
Mixture Of N and I
Butanal 6382.5 0 6382.5

Total 6443.986 6.539343 6437.447

Stream 3 = Stream 5 + Stream 6
6444 kg/hr = 6444 kg/hr

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 Stripping Column Balance
Propylene I-Butanal 8
7

Stripper
Syn-Gas Impure Syn-gas 9
2

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 Stream No 2 7 8 9
(kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr) (kg/hr)
Components

Syngas Balance 3819.6 0.0 3819.6 0.0

Unreacted
Propylene
Balance 0.0 54.9 44.0 11.0

Mixture Of N
and I Butanal
Balance 0.0 6382.5 0.0 6382.5

Total 3819.6 6437.4 3863.6 6393.5

Stream 2 + Stream 7 = Stream 8 + Stream 9
10257 kg/hr = 10257 kg/hr
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ENERGY BALANCE

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Distillation Column Balance
Component Energy (KJ/hr)

I-Butanal 414.09

Component Energy (KJ/hr)

N & I-Butanal -7831.49

mixture

Component Energy (KJ/hr)

Energy in (KJ/hr) Energy out (KJ/hr)
N-Butanal 6858.8
-7831.49 7272.98
Condenser duty = -558 KJ/hr
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 Balance across separator
Component Energy (KJ/hr)

N & I-Butanal -1863.9

Unreacted -25.05
propylene
Component Energy (KJ/hr)
N & I-Butanal 1862.82
mixture
Unreacted 26.17
propylene
Catalyst 0.51

Component Energy (KJ/hr)

Catalyst -0.516
Energy in (KJ/hr) Energy out (KJ/hr)

1889.5 -1889.5
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Balance across heat exchanger

Component Energy (KJ/hr) Component Energy (KJ/hr)

Water 210.6 Water 210.6

Component Energy (KJ/hr) Component Energy (KJ/hr)

N & I-Butanal 12082 N & I-Butanal 12379.2

Unreacted 450.8 Unreacted 153.2

propylene propylene

Energy in (KJ/hr) Energy out (KJ/hr)

12743 -12743
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 Energy balance across Compressor

101.325 KPa Component Energy (KJ/hr)

Component Energy (KJ/hr) 2945 KPa
Propylene -1365.02
Propylene 1365.02

Energy in (KJ/hr) Energy out (KJ/hr)

1365.02 -1365.02

R.K.Sinnott Coulson & Richardson chemical engineering volume 6

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Energy balance across Stripper
Component Energy
(KJ/hr) Component Energy
N & I- 2997 (KJ/hr)
Butanal
Unreacted 112.62 Syn gas -2884.4
propylene Unreacted -172.3
propylene
Component Energy
(KJ/hr)
Component Energy
Syn gas 11138 (KJ/hr)

N & I- 8595.1
Energy in (KJ/hr) Energy out (KJ/hr) Butanal
Unreacted 2596
14247 -14247
propylene
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 Energy Balance Across Reactor.
comonent Energyy(KJ/hr)
Component Energy(KJ/hr) N&I 1721
Propylene 1365.02 butanal
vapours
Syn gas 995.3
Component Energy(Kj/hr)
Syn gas 870.5
Component Energy(KJ/hr)
Unreacted 904.9 N& I -498.2
propylene butanal
Catalyst -1.03
Component Energy(KJ/hr)
Energy Energy Unreacted -57.57
in(Kj/hr) out(KJ/hr) Catalyst 1.0322
propylene
Unreacted 132.41
3273.8 -3273.8 propylene
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Energy Balance across Condensor
Condensor Qin + Qout
duty 2152.3+(-1864)
= 288.3Kj/hr Component Energy(KJ/hr)

Hot water 210.36

Component Energy(KJ/hr)
outlet
Cold water 210.36
inlet
Component Energy(KJ/hr
Component Energy(KJ/hr)
N & I butanal 1721 N&I 1353
vapours butanal
Total heat in Total heat out Liquid
Excess Syn 221
gas (kJ/hr) (kJ/hr) Excess Syn 389
2152.3 -1952.36 gas

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References

Coulson & Richardsons Chemical Engineering Volume 6

Ullman I. N. (1985). Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

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ThankYou!

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