Web Services and the Cloud

Building blocks to the cloud

2
Communication-as-a-Service (CaaS)

• CaaS is an outsourced enterprise communications solution. Providers of this type of

cloud-based solution (known as CaaS vendors) are responsible for the management of
hardware and software required for delivering Voice over IP (VoIP) services, Instant
Messaging (IM), and video conferencing capabilities to their customers.
• A CaaS model allows a CaaS provider’s business customers to selectively deploy
communications features and services throughout their company on a pay-as-you-go
basis for service(s) used..
• .

3
Monitoring-as-a-Service(MaaS)

• Monitoring-as-a-Service (MaaS) is the outsourced provisioning of security, primarily on

business platforms that leverage the Internet to conduct business. MaaS has become
increasingly popular over the last decade. Since the advent of cloud computing, its
popularity has, grown even more. Security monitoring involves protecting an enterprise
or government client from cyber threats. A security team plays a crucial role in securing
and maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of IT assets. However,
time and resource constraints limit security operations and their effectiveness for
most companies. This requires constant vigilance over the security infrastructure and
critical information assets.
• A CaaS model allows a CaaS provider’s business customers to selectively deploy
communications features and services throughout their company on a pay-as-you-go
basis for service(s) used..
• . 4
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

• Infrastructure-as-a-Service(IaaS) is the delivery of computer infrastructure (typically a

platform virtualization environment) as a service. IaaS leverages significant technology,
services, and data center investments to deliver IT as a service to customers.IaaS is
centered around a model of service delivery that provisions a predefined, standardized
infrastructure specifically optimized for the customer’s applications
• Provider-owned implementations typically include the following layered components:
• Computer hardware (typically set up as a grid for massive horizontal scalability)
• Computer network (including routers, firewalls, load balancing,etc.)
• Internet connectivity (often on OC 192 backbones
• Platform virtualization environment for running client-specified virtual machines
• Service-level agreements
• Utility computing billing. 6
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

• Cloud computing has evolved to include platforms for building and running custom web-
based applications, a concept known as Platform-as-a-Service. PaaS is an outgrowth of
the SaaS application delivery model.PaaS model makes all of the facilities required to
support the complete life cycle of building and delivering web applications and services
entirely available from the Internet, all with no software downloads or installation for
developers, IT managers, or end users. Unlike the IaaS model, where developers may
create a specific operating system instance with homegrown applications running, PaaS
developers are concerned only with webbased development and generally do not care
what operating system is used. PaaS services allow users to focus on innovation rather
than complex infrastructure. Organizations can redirect a significant portion of their
budgets to creating applications that provide real business value instead of worrying
about all the infrastructure issues in a roll-your-own delivery model. 7
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

• SaaS Architectural Maturity Level 1—Ad-Hoc/Custom. The first level

of maturity is actually no maturity at all. Each customer has a unique,
customized version of the hosted application. The application runs its own
instance on the host’s servers. Migrating a traditional non-networked or
client-server application to this level of SaaS maturity typically requires
the least development effort and reduces operating costs by consolidating
server hardware and

8
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

• SaaS Architectural Maturity Level 2—Configurability.

The second level of SaaS maturity provides greater program flexibility
through configuration metadata. At this level, many customers can
use separate instances of the same application. This allows a vendor
to meet the varying needs of each customer by using detailed configuration
options. It also allows the vendor to ease the maintenance
burden by being able to update a common code base.

9
 Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

• SaaS Architectural Maturity Level 3—Multitenant Efficiency.

The third maturity level adds multitenancy to the second level. This results in a single
program instance that has the capability to serve all of the vendor’s customers. This approach
enables more efficient use of server resources without any apparent difference to the end
user, but ultimately this level is limited in its ability to scale massively.
• SaaS Architectural Maturity Level 4—Scalable.
At the fourth SaaS maturity level, scalability is added by using a multitiered architecture.
This architecture is capable of supporting a load-balanced farm of identical application
instances running on a variable number of servers, sometimes in the hundreds or even
thousands.System capacity can be dynamically increased or decreased to match load demand
by adding or removing servers, with no need for further alteration of application software
architecture.
10
Key Characteristics of SaaS

• Network-based management and access to commercially available

software from central locations rather than at each customer’s site,
enabling customers to access applications remotely via the Internet.
• Application delivery from a one-to-many model (single-
instance,multitenant architecture), as opposed to a traditional one-to-one
model.
• Centralized enhancement and patch updating that obviates any need for
downloading and installing by a user. SaaS is often used in conjunction
with a larger network of communications and collaboration software,
sometimes as a plug-in to a PaaS architecture.
11
Benefits of the SaaS Model

• Streamlined administration
• Automated update and patch management services
• Data compatibility across the enterprise (all users have the
same
• version of software)
• Facilitated, enterprise-wide collaboration
• Global accessibility

12
 The Evolution from the MSP Model to Cloud
Computing, Cloud Data Center

• In the early days of MSPs, the providers would actually go onto

customersites and perform their services on customer-owned premises.
Over time, these MSPs specialized in implementation of infrastructure and
quickly figured out ways to build out data centers and sell those
capabilities off in small chunks commonly known as monthly recurring
services, in addition to the basic fees charged for ping, power, and pipe
(PPP).
• Ping refers to the ability to have a live Internet connection, Power is
obvious enough, and
• Pipe refers to the amount of data throughput that a customer is willing to
pay for. Generally, the PPP part of the charge was built into the
provider’smonthly service fee in addition to their service offerings.
Common services. 13
 Service-Oriented Architectures as a Step Toward
Cloud Computing
• An SOA involves policies, principles, and a framework that illustrate how network services can be
leveraged by enterprise applications to achieve desired business outcomes. These outcomes include
enabling the business capabilities to be provided and consumed as a set of services. SOA is thus an
architectural style that encourages the creation of coupled business services.The “services” in SOA are
business services. For example, updating a customer’s service-level agreement is a business service,
updating a record in a database is not. A service is a unit of work done by a service provider to achieve
desired end results for a service consumer.
• An SOA solution consists of a linked set of business services that realize an end-to-end business process.
At a high level, SOA can be viewed as enabling improved management control, visibility, and metrics for
business processes, allowing business process integration with a holistic view of business processes,
creating a new capability to create composite solutions, exposing granular business activities as services,
and allowing reuse of existing application assets. Differentiating between SOA and cloud computing can
be confusing because they overlap in some areas but are fundamentally different. SOA delivers web
services from applications to other programs, whereas the cloud is about delivering software14services to
end users and running code. Thus the cloud-versus-SOA debate is like comparing apples and oranges.
Basic Approach to a Data Center-Based SOA

15