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Server-Side Web Programming: The Jakarta Tomcat Web Container and The Netbeans Ide

This document discusses the Jakarta Tomcat web container and how to set it up using the NetBeans IDE. It covers installing Tomcat, configuring it to work with Java, testing it on port 8080, understanding its file structure to handle requests, and using NetBeans to create, build, and deploy a sample web application to Tomcat.

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Hop Huynh
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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18 views

Server-Side Web Programming: The Jakarta Tomcat Web Container and The Netbeans Ide

This document discusses the Jakarta Tomcat web container and how to set it up using the NetBeans IDE. It covers installing Tomcat, configuring it to work with Java, testing it on port 8080, understanding its file structure to handle requests, and using NetBeans to create, build, and deploy a sample web application to Tomcat.

Uploaded by

Hop Huynh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Server-side

Web Programming
Lecture 2:
The Jakarta Tomcat Web Container
and the NetBeans IDE
Client-Server Web Architecture
• Client browser sends request for page to server
• Server sends response page and sends to client

Client
Browser
Response containing Syllabus.htm as a long string
www.cis.ysu.edu/~john/S
yllabus.htm
(<html><head><title>CSCI 6962 Syllabus</title></head><body>…)

port
Request to
www.cis.ysu.edu Server
for Syllabus.htm
john public_html Syllabus.htm
Form Handling
Server must:
– Listen on port for requests
– Parse request to determine values of parameters
– Generate appropriate response page based on
parameter values
– Send response page back to client
Web Containers
• Program running continuously on server
• Runs code to handle requests
• Built-in methods for parsing requests,
generating responses
• Handles other important functions:
– Session tracking
– Database access
– Email generation
– Security and encryption
Web Containers
• Jakarta Tomcat
– Written in Java
– NetBeans IDE
– Acts as engine for Java Server Pages and servlets
• Microsoft IIS
– Visual Basic/Visual C++
– Active Server Pages
Downloading the Java SDK
Downloading the Java SDK
Downloading the Java SDK
Downloading the Java SDK
Downloading the Java SDK
Installing Tomcat
• Detailed Instructions in Chapter 2 (page 31)
• Copy JAR files from Tomcat to Java Runtime Environment
– Necessary for JSPs and servlets to compile
Installing Tomcat
• Tell Tomcat where to look for Java (page 34)
– Edit catalina.bat file in bin directory of Tomcat
Testing Tomcat
• Start Tomcat
– Execute statup.bat in bin directory
Testing Tomcat
• This will open Tomcat control window
Testing Tomcat
• Tomcat is now listening for requests!
– Listening at port 8080 by default
• Test: enter http://localhost:8080/ in your browser
Tomcat Structure
• Listens on port 8080 for requests
• Retrieves page requested
– Must be part of its file structure in webapps directory
• Example: http://localhost:8080/
– Sends request to this machine for index.html file in ROOT
subdirectory of webapps
Tomcat Structure
• Another example:
http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp
Tomcat Structure
• Side point:
JSPs/servlets can display messages in Tomcat
window (often used for diagnostics)
Tomcat Structure
• Meaning of this URL:
http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp

Invoke server listening


Access this file in this
on port 8080 of this
subdirectory of the
machine
tomcat/webapps directory
Tomcat Structure
• Side note: Usually refer to server on another machine
http://www.cis.ysu.edu/examples/jsp/simpletag/foo.jsp

Invoke server at this Access this file in this


remote URL subdirectory of the
tomcat/webapps directory

• For testing, often run client and server on same machine

Port 8080 request


response Tomcat

request Browser
http://localhost:8080/...

response
Tomcat Structure
• If requested page is server page/servlet, executes code
embedded in page to generate corresponding html page
• Final html page sent as response
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>cgi-bin
response</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<P>
Thank you for your order of
<%= request.getParameter(“quantity”) %>
widgets!
</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
The NetBeans IDE
• Integrated Development Environment for Java
Programming
– Editing code (with hints)
– Compiling code
– Running code
• Good for JSP/servlet development
– Allows easy development of web applications
– Automatically interacts with Tomcat
– No need to manipulate Tomcat file structure
Adding a Tomcat Server
• Tools  Servers

• Press
Adding a Tomcat Server
• Select Tomcat 6.0
Adding a Tomcat Server
• Enter the directory
where you installed
Tomcat

• Enter a name and


a password for a
“manager” role
(we will use this
more later)
Adding a Tomcat Server
• By default, Tomcat listens at port 8080
Creating a Web Application
• In NetBeans: File  New Project
• Choose Web and Web Application
Creating a Web Application
• Give your project a name (I called this one “WidgetSite”)
• Give it a location (I have put it in a directory called 6962)
• Make sure it is set as the Main Project
Creating a Web Application
• The final page shows information (such as which server
this project uses)
• You can press “finish” at this point
Creating a Web Application
NetBeans creates
an initial web site

Structure shown
in the project
window

Creates an
initial index.jsp
page (default The index.jsp is initially just a
home page of “Hello world” page
the new site)
Running a Web Application
• Running the site opens the index.jsp page
– Can choose browser (and should test with all!)
Building a Web Application
• Modify and add files to create web site

index.jsp
Prompts user for
number of widgets

reciept.jsp
Displays number of
widgets purchased
Building a Web Application
Adding a JSP
Choose a JSP
• File  New

Give it a
name
Running the Site
Deploying your Site to Tomcat
• Right-click project and choose “Deploy”
• This copies all web site files into build\web subdirectory
Deploying your Site to Tomcat
• Copy these files into a subdirectory of webapps in
Tomcat
Deploying your Site to Tomcat
• Start Tomcat (after closing NetBeans)
• Go to http://localhost:8080/WidgetSite in browser

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